l主謂一致的講解最全面的主謂一致的講解

1、1主謂一致的講解主謂一致的講解主謂一致是指：1）語法形式上要一致，即名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式與謂語要一致。2）意義上要一致，即主語意義上的單復(fù)數(shù)要與謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一致。一、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)的主謂一致一、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)的主謂一致1.由連接主語時(shí)連接主語時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)根據(jù)意義或概念確定謂語用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)1)并列主語表示不同不同的人、物或概念概念時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)LiMingZhangHuaaregoods

2、tudents.Likemanyothersthelittletrampthenaughtyboyhaverushedthereinsearchofgold.小流浪漢和調(diào)皮的小男孩也趕到那里尋找金子Bothricewheataregrowninthisarea.2)并列主語表示同一個(gè)人、物或概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Theprofesswriterisspeakingatthemeeting.那位教授兼作家正在會(huì)上發(fā)言Ajournal

3、istauthourlivesonthesixthflo.一位新聞?dòng)浾呒孀骷襀islawyerfmercollegefriendwaswithhimonhistriptoEurope.他的律師兼大學(xué)時(shí)代的朋友陪他去歐洲旅行ThePremierFeignMinisterwaspresentatthestatebanquet.總理兼外長(zhǎng)比較：thewritertheeducathavevisitedourschool.thewritered

4、ucathasvisitedourschool.HislawyerhisfmercollegefriendwerewithhimonhistriptoEurope.注意：注意：指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，并列主語前只用一個(gè)冠詞，指不同的需要分別加冠詞，但兩個(gè)名詞具有分別的對(duì)立的意思時(shí)只需要一個(gè)冠詞即可Aboygirlareplayingtennis.3)并列主語前有eacheverymanyano等修飾時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Eachdoct(each)

5、nursewkinginthehospitalwasaskedtohelppatients.Everymanwomanchildisentitledtotakepartintheactivity.有權(quán)參加Everyboy(every)girladmireshimfhisfinesenseofhumour.Manyaboy(manya)girlhasmadethesamemistakeNoboynogirlistherenow.沒有任何男

6、孩和女孩在那里注意：注意：manya跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞但是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義翻譯為很多Manyastudentwasdisappointedafterseeingthemovie.4)并列主語為不可分的整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Alawruleaboutprotectingenvironmenthasbeendrawnup.關(guān)于保護(hù)環(huán)境的法律法規(guī)已經(jīng)起草完成。Theknifefkhasbeenwashed刀叉已經(jīng)被洗好Warpeaceisaconst

7、antthemeinhisty戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平是歷史永恒的主題注意常被視為主體的結(jié)構(gòu)Acupsaucer一副杯碟Ahsecart馬車Aknifefk一副刀叉3TheNewYkTimesiswidelyreadinthewld.5)以s結(jié)尾的群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等專有名詞謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)TheHimalayashaveamagnificentvarietyofplants.植物種類繁多TheNiagaraFallsaresplendidwate

8、rfalls.6)以S結(jié)尾的名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)belongings財(cái)產(chǎn)clothes衣服plasticsearnings收入goods貨物leavings剩余savings儲(chǔ)存Allthegoodsareveryexpensive.2.集體名詞作主語時(shí)集體名詞作主語時(shí)1）mankindhumanityman作主語時(shí)，謂語一般用單數(shù)Onlymanknowshowtocook.只有人懂得烹飪2）peoplepolicecattley

9、outh等作主語時(shí)，只有單數(shù)形式但卻表示復(fù)數(shù)意義謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)Thepoliceareinvestigatingtheriot.正在調(diào)查暴亂事件Thecattlearegrazingthethefield正在牧場(chǎng)吃草Manycattlewerekilledfthis.就因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族講時(shí)有復(fù)數(shù)形式.如：Thereare56peoplesinChina3）familycrowd等作主語時(shí)，根據(jù)概念確定謂語

10、動(dòng)詞這類集體名詞有：Army，assembly議會(huì)集會(huì)audiencebclassclubcommitteecompanycongress議會(huì)youthcrew全體工作人員crowdenemyfamilygang團(tuán)伙governmentgroupherd牧群jurypopulationpublicteam強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)謂語強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體用復(fù)數(shù)謂語ThefamilyisgoingtomovetoNewYkThefamilyhavediffere

11、ntopinionsabouttheirgoingabroadThefootballclubcommitteearrangesallthematchesThefootballclubcommitteehavedecidedtodismisshim.比較：Afamilyagroupaclass做主語時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語Familiesgroupsclasses作主語時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)謂語Agroupiscomingtothezoo.一隊(duì)人正朝著動(dòng)物園走來4

12、）baggageluggage(行李)clothing(衣服))machinery(機(jī)器)poetry(詩)scenery(風(fēng)景)jewelry(珠寶)equipment(設(shè)備)等是不可數(shù)名詞是不可數(shù)名詞只用單數(shù)形式只用單數(shù)形式不用不定冠詞(當(dāng)然更不能用數(shù)詞)Ourclothingprotectsusfrom[against]thecold.我們的衣服可以御寒.Haveyoucheckedallyourbaggage你所有行李都托運(yùn)了嗎

13、【注】machinerypoetryjewelryscenery等相應(yīng)的個(gè)體可數(shù)名詞是machinepoemjewelscene等.如：apoemapieceofpoetry(一首詩)manymachinesmuchmachinerymanypiecesofmachinery(許多機(jī)器).5）hair的用法hair(頭發(fā)毛發(fā))指全部頭發(fā)或毛發(fā)時(shí)全部頭發(fā)或毛發(fā)時(shí)為集合名詞(不可數(shù))；指幾根頭發(fā)或毛發(fā)時(shí)為個(gè)體名詞(可數(shù))：Myhairhas