普通化學(xué)習(xí)題集

1、1目錄目錄第一章化學(xué)熱力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)...........................................................................................................................................2一、判斷題............................................................

2、.................................................................................................2二、選擇題.....................................................................................................................

3、........................................2三、填空題...........................................................................................................................................................5四、計(jì)算題.............

4、..............................................................................................................................................5第二章化學(xué)平衡原理....................................................................

5、.............................................................................7一、判斷題.........................................................................................................................................

6、....................7二、選擇題...........................................................................................................................................................7三、填空題.................................

7、..........................................................................................................................9四.計(jì)算題............................................................................................

8、.................................................................9第三章、化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率...............................................................................................................................................1

9、1二、選擇題.........................................................................................................................................................11三、填空題......................................................

10、...................................................................................................14四、計(jì)算題..................................................................................................................

11、.......................................14第四章溶液和膠體.................................................................................................................................................16選擇題.....................

12、..............................................................................................................................................16二、填空題.......................................................................

13、....................................................................................17三、計(jì)算題.................................................................................................................................

14、..........................17第五章酸堿反應(yīng)...................................................................................................................................................19選擇題.................................

15、..................................................................................................................................19填空題.....................................................................................

16、..............................................................................22三、計(jì)算題.......................................................................................................................................

17、....................23第六章沉淀—溶解反應(yīng)...........................................................................................................................................24選擇題............................................

18、.......................................................................................................................24二、填空題..............................................................................................

19、.............................................................25三、計(jì)算題........................................................................................................................................................

20、...25第七章原子結(jié)構(gòu)...................................................................................................................................................27判斷題：.......................................................

21、........................................................................................................27二、選擇題：............................................................................................................

22、...........................................27三、填空題.........................................................................................................................................................29第八章化學(xué)鍵及分子結(jié)構(gòu)....

23、.................................................................................................................................31判斷題......................................................................................

24、.............................................................................31二、選擇題........................................................................................................................................

25、...................31填空題...................................................................................................................................................................32第九章氧化還原反應(yīng)......................

26、.......................................................................................................................34一、選擇題..............................................................................................

27、.............................................................34二、選擇題........................................................................................................................................................

28、...37計(jì)算題...................................................................................................................................................................37第十章配位化合物.......................................

29、..........................................................................................................39選擇題.............................................................................................................

30、......................................................39填空題.................................................................................................................................................................

31、..40計(jì)算題...................................................................................................................................................................40《普通化學(xué)》期末統(tǒng)考試卷....................................

32、...................................................................................................43一、選擇題（每小題2分，共44分）......................................................................................................

33、.......43二、填空題（每小題2分，共32分）.............................................................................................................44三、計(jì)算題（共24分）........................................................................

34、...........................................................453C.2Ag(s)I2(g)=2AgI(s)D.Ag(s)12I2(s)=AgI(s)11已知C（石墨）O2(g)=CO2(g)ΔfHm=－393.5KJ.mol1C（金剛石）O2(g)=CO2(g)ΔfHm=－395.8KJ.mol1則：C（石墨）C(金剛石)的ΔrHm等于（）?A.–789.3KJ.mol1B.2

35、.3KJ.mol1C.–2.3KJ.mol1D.789.3KJ.mol112一定溫度下，下列反應(yīng)中那一個(gè)反應(yīng)的ΔrSm值最大（）A.CaSO4(s)2H2O(l)=CaSO4.2H2O(s)B.MgCO3(s)=MgO(s)CO2(g)C.2SO2(g)O2(g)=2SO3(g)D.H2(g)Cl2(g)=2HCl(g)13反應(yīng)MgCl2(s)=Mg(s)Cl2(g)ΔrHmΘ0標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下，此反應(yīng)：（）A.低溫自發(fā)B.高溫自發(fā)C.任何溫

36、度均自發(fā)D.任何溫度均不可能自發(fā)14氨的分解反應(yīng)：2NH3(g)=N2(g)3H2(g)，高溫下為自發(fā)反應(yīng)，在較低溫度下其逆反應(yīng)為自發(fā)，這意味著該正反應(yīng)的ΔrHm和ΔrSm為（）A.ΔrHm0ΔrSm0B.ΔrHm0ΔrSm015在298.15K和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)態(tài)時(shí)，下列反應(yīng)均為非自發(fā)反應(yīng)，其中在高溫下仍為非自發(fā)反應(yīng)的是（）（不必計(jì)算）A.Ag2O(s)=2Ag(s)O2(g)21B.N2O4(g)=2NO2(g)C.Fe2O3(s)C(s)=2

37、Fe(s)CO2(g)2321D.6C(s)6H2O(g)=C6H12O6(s)16如果在熱力學(xué)溫度下，某一反應(yīng)的吉布斯自由能變化為ΔG，焓變?yōu)棣，則該反應(yīng)的熵變?yōu)椋ǎ〢、B、THG???TGH???C、T(ΔGΔH)D、T(ΔHΔG)17如果一給定反應(yīng)的ΔrGm已知，除了下列哪一項(xiàng)外，其余各項(xiàng)均可確定（）A、在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下，自發(fā)反應(yīng)的方向。B、同一溫度下的平衡狀態(tài)。C、在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下可能產(chǎn)生的最大有用功。D、欲控制此反應(yīng)，使用催化劑無效

38、。18CaO(s)H2O(l)=Ca(OH)2(s)在250C及101KPa時(shí)是自發(fā)反應(yīng)，高溫時(shí)逆反應(yīng)為自發(fā)，這表明反應(yīng)：（）A.ΔrHmΘ0ΔrSmΘ0C.ΔrHmΘ0D.ΔrHmΘ0ΔrSmΘ019標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下，H2(g)與O2(g)反應(yīng)生成2.0molH2O(l)時(shí)放熱QKJ，則H2O(l)的ΔfHm值為（）A.QB.Q2C.Q18D.Q3620已知反應(yīng)(1)MnO(s)12O2(g)=MnO2(s)的ΔrH1m(2)MnO2(s)

39、Mn(s)=2MnO(s)的ΔrH2m則ΔfHm（MnO2、S）=（）AΔrH1m－ΔrH2mB.2ΔrH1mΔrH2mC.2ΔrH1m－ΔrH2mD.ΔrH1m2ΔrH2m21、根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)ΔfGm(NOg)=86.5KJ.mol1ΔfGm(NO2g)=51.3KJ.mol1，反應(yīng)(1)N2(g)O2(g)=2NO(g)(2)2NO(g)O2(g)=2NO2(g)，在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行的情況說明正確的是（）A.（1）能自發(fā)（2）不能B.(1)