2014年電子科技大學(xué)244 英語(二外僅日語方向)考研真題

1、共12頁第1頁電子科技大學(xué)電子科技大學(xué)2014年攻讀碩士學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)考試試題年攻讀碩士學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)考試試題考試科目：考試科目：244英語英語(二外二外僅日語方向僅日語方向)注：無機(jī)讀卡，所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷或草稿紙上均無效。注：無機(jī)讀卡，所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷或草稿紙上均無效。PartIReadingComprehension(40%)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispa

2、rt.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsunfinishedstatements.FeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)B)C)D).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoicethenwritethecrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetPassageOneQuestions1to5arebasedonthefoll

3、owingpassage.Certainanimalsplantsdevelopacteristicsthathelpthemcopewiththeirenvironmentbetterthanothersoftheirkind.Thisnaturalbiologicalprocessiscalledadaptation.Amongthesuperiacteristicsdevelopedthroughadaptationarethos

4、ethatmayhelpingettingfoodshelterinprovidingprotectioninproducingprotectingtheyoung.Thatresultsintheevolutionofmemeganismsthatarebetterfittedtotheirenvironments.Eachlivingthingisadaptedtoitswayoflifeinageneralwaybuteachis

5、adaptedespeciallytoitsowndistinctclass.Aplantfexampledependsuponitsrootstofixitselffirmlytoabsbwateringanicchemicals.Itdependsuponitsgreenleavesfusingthesunsenergytomakefoodfrominganicchemicals.Thesearegeneraladaptations

6、commontomostplants.Inadditiontherearespecialadaptationsthatonlycertainkindsofplantshave.Manyanimalshaveadaptationsthathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Someinsectsarehiddenbytheirbodycolshapemanylooklikealeafalittlebranch.T

7、hecoatsofdeerarecoledtomixwiththesurroundings.Manyanimalshavetheabilitytoremaincompletelystillwhenanenemyisnear.ganismshaveagreatvarietyofwaysofadapting.Theymayadaptintheirstructurefunctiongeicsintheirdevelopmentproducti

8、onoftheyounginotherrespects.Anganismmaycreateitsownenvironmentasdowarmbloodedmammalswhichhavetheabilitytoadjustbodyheatexactlytomaintaintheiridealtemperaturedespitechangingweather.Usuallyadaptationsareanadvantagebutsomet

9、imesanganismissowelladaptedtoaparticularenvironmentthatifconditionschangeitfindsitdifficultimpossibletoreadapttothenewconditions.1.SomeplantsanimalsdevelopsuperiacteristicssothattheymayA)helpothersoftheirkindgetfoodshelt

10、erotherthingsneeded.共12頁第3頁diseasedeathsfexampleamongtheEskimosofGreenlwhoconsumeabout14ouncesoffishadayamongtheJapanesewhosedailyfishconsumptionaveragesmethan3ounces.F20yearstheDutchstudyfollowed852dleagedmen20percentof

11、whomatenofish.Atthestartofthestudytheaveragefishconsumptionwasabouttwothirdsofanounceeachdaywithmemeneatinglean(瘦的)fishthanfattyfish.Duringthenexttwodecades78ofthemendiedfromheartdisease.Thefewestdeathswereamongthegroupw

12、horegularlyatefishevenatlevelsfarlowerthanthoseoftheJapaneseEskimos.Thisrelationshipwastrueregardlessofotherfactssuchasagehighbloodpressurebloodcholesterol(膽固醇)levels.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccdingtothepassage[A]T

13、heDutchresearchhasprovedthateatingfishcanhelptopreventheartdisease.[B]Heartdoctswontcallyourhousesolongasyoukeepeatingfisheachday.[C]AmongallthediseasesheartdiseaseisthemostdangerousinAmerica.[D]Thereisalowincidenceofhea

14、rtdiseaseinsuchcountriesasJapanGreenl.7.Thephrase“thisrelationship“(inLine5Para.4)referstotheconnectionbetween_________theincidenceofheartdisease.[A]theamountoffisheaten[B]regularfisheating[C]thekindoffisheaten[D]peopleo

15、fdifferentregions8.Thepassageismainlyabout_________.[A]thehighincidenceofheartdiseaseinsomecountries[B]theeffectoffisheatingonpeopleshealth[C]thechangesinpeoplesdiet[D]thedailyfishconsumptionofpeopleindifferentcultures9.

16、WhyisheartdiseasethemostdangerouskillerintheUnitedStates[A]BecauseAmericanpeopledrinktoomuchspirits.[B]Becausethereareagreatnumberoffatpeoplethere.[C]Theauthdoesntgiveadefiniteanswer.[D]BecauseAmericanpeopleeattoomuchfat

17、tyfish.10.HowmanylivescouldprobablybesavedeachyearintheUnitedStatesbyeatingfifthaccdingtotheDutchstudy[A]550000.[B]275000.[C]110000.[D]852.PassageThreeQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Beingassertive(果斷)isbein