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1、102級(jí)2班勞曉靜EmptinessTerroutofSimplicityAStylisticAnalysisofHemingway’sInOurTime1Theyshotthesixcabiministersathalfpastsixinthemningagainstthewallofahospital.2Therewerepoolsofwaterinthecourtyard.3Therewerewetdeadleavesonthep
2、avingofthecourtyard.4Itrainedhard.5Alltheshuttersofthehospitalwerenailedshut.6Oneoftheministerwassickwithtyphoid.7Twosoldierscarriedhimdownstairsoutintotherain.8Theytriedtoholdhimupagainstthewallbuthesatdowninapuddleofwa
3、ter.9Theotherfivestoodveryquietlyagainstthewall.10Finallytheofficertoldthesoldiersitwasnogoodtryingtomakehimstup.11Whentheyfiredthefirstvolleyhewassittingdowninthewaterwithhisheadonhisknees.FromInOurTimeErnestHemingwayTh
4、isionisoneofanumberofselfcontainingvigtesthatHemingwayplacesbetweenlongerpiecesinhisbookInOurTime.Hemingwayisrightlyseenasthemasterofthesimpledeclarativesentencepursuing“whatreallyhappenedinaction”inadirecthardboiledstyl
5、esothatwritingreproducestheactioneventinallitscompleteness.Hemingwayhimselffosteredthistheyabouthiswritingthoughevenfhimthepresentationofactionwasclearlytwofold:anactionwastoberepresentedastrulyastheauthmustoutofacontinu
6、umthesmallestnumberofprecisedetailsinderfthereaderwhenviewingtheensembletointuittheentirenarrative.Hemingwaylatersaidthathisstylewasfashionedonthe“principleoftheiceberg”f“seveneighthsofit(is)underwaterfeverypartthatshows
7、.”(ScottDonaldson1996)Thisionisaboutassimpleasastylecanbewithoutappearingchildishchildlike.Atthesametimethisproseishighlysophisticateditsimpactonthereaderispowerful.Hemingwaywastocreateanatmosphereofhr—theGermans’slaught
8、erwasinhumantoadegreeunsurpassedbyanything—topavethewayfthementaldisttionsuicidaltragedyofNickAdamswhoisthecentralacterinthesewks.Therearealtogether11sentencesinthispassage.Thereareonlythreewdsintheshtestsentencenomethan
9、19wdsinthelongestsentence.Onaverageeachsentencecontains11.8wdslessthan12wds.SentencenumberNumberofwds118283114359687113describestheweatherratherthantheexecution.Oneofthereasonsisthattheweatherfecastsomethinghriblehideous
10、iscoming.Fanotherthissimplesentencegivesapauseintheseseriesofactionstoholdonacertaindegreeofmysteryemptiness.Oneofthemostprominentfeaturesofthisvigteisthatnineoutofelevensentencesendwithaprepositionalphraseaseriesofprepo
11、sitionalphrase.Seethetablebelow.SentencenumberPrepositionalPhrase1athalfpastsixinthemningagainstthewallofahospital2inthecourtyard3onthepavingofthecourtyard456withtyphoid7downstairsoutintotherain8satdowninapuddleofwater9a
12、gainstthewall10stup11downinthewaterwithhisheadonhiskneesTheytendtomakethesentencesemphatichelptomakethewholeparagraphstronglyrhythmic.Asweonlystressthe“head”inaprepositionalphrase(Fexamplewestressthewdcourtyardintheprepo
13、sitionalphraseinthecourtyard.)asenseofdynamicmusicisswitchedonwhichresultsinanillusionasiftheinhumanexecutionwereapproachingstepbysteptothereaders.Anotheradvantageofsuchapplicationofprepositionalphrasegoesthattheyserveas
14、adelayingtacticprovideakindofsubjectiveperspective.Seethefollowingpassagewiththeprepositionalphrasesomitted.1Theyshotthesixcabiministers[].2Therewerepoolsofwater[].3Therewerewetdeadleaves[].4Itrainedhard.5Alltheshutterso
15、fthehospitalwerenailedshut.6Oneoftheministerwassick[].7Twosoldierscarriedhim[].8Theytriedtoholdhim[]buthesatdown[].9Theotherfivestoodveryquietly[].10Finallytheofficertoldthesoldiersitwasnogoodtryingtomakehimst[].11Whenth
16、eyfiredthefirstvolleyhewassitting[].Withouttheprepositionalphrasesthereaderscanonlyseethebarebonesoftheactionsbuttheylosethepartswhichtellthemhowcrueltheexecutsarehowmiserabletheministersare.Fexampleinsentence7ifweomit“d
17、ownstairsoutintotherain”wecannotseehowinhumanrudetheexecutsaretofcetheministerstosufferintheshower.Inadditionprepositionalphrasesdelaythenewinfmationcomingfromthenextsentence.Asaresultitisaneffectivetechniquetoarouseinte
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