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1、102級(jí)2班勞曉靜EmptinessTerroutofSimplicityAStylisticAnalysisofHemingway’sInOurTime1Theyshotthesixcabiministersathalfpastsixinthemningagainstthewallofahospital.2Therewerepoolsofwaterinthecourtyard.3Therewerewetdeadleavesonthep

2、avingofthecourtyard.4Itrainedhard.5Alltheshuttersofthehospitalwerenailedshut.6Oneoftheministerwassickwithtyphoid.7Twosoldierscarriedhimdownstairsoutintotherain.8Theytriedtoholdhimupagainstthewallbuthesatdowninapuddleofwa

3、ter.9Theotherfivestoodveryquietlyagainstthewall.10Finallytheofficertoldthesoldiersitwasnogoodtryingtomakehimstup.11Whentheyfiredthefirstvolleyhewassittingdowninthewaterwithhisheadonhisknees.FromInOurTimeErnestHemingwayTh

4、isionisoneofanumberofselfcontainingvigtesthatHemingwayplacesbetweenlongerpiecesinhisbookInOurTime.Hemingwayisrightlyseenasthemasterofthesimpledeclarativesentencepursuing“whatreallyhappenedinaction”inadirecthardboiledstyl

5、esothatwritingreproducestheactioneventinallitscompleteness.Hemingwayhimselffosteredthistheyabouthiswritingthoughevenfhimthepresentationofactionwasclearlytwofold:anactionwastoberepresentedastrulyastheauthmustoutofacontinu

6、umthesmallestnumberofprecisedetailsinderfthereaderwhenviewingtheensembletointuittheentirenarrative.Hemingwaylatersaidthathisstylewasfashionedonthe“principleoftheiceberg”f“seveneighthsofit(is)underwaterfeverypartthatshows

7、.”(ScottDonaldson1996)Thisionisaboutassimpleasastylecanbewithoutappearingchildishchildlike.Atthesametimethisproseishighlysophisticateditsimpactonthereaderispowerful.Hemingwaywastocreateanatmosphereofhr—theGermans’slaught

8、erwasinhumantoadegreeunsurpassedbyanything—topavethewayfthementaldisttionsuicidaltragedyofNickAdamswhoisthecentralacterinthesewks.Therearealtogether11sentencesinthispassage.Thereareonlythreewdsintheshtestsentencenomethan

9、19wdsinthelongestsentence.Onaverageeachsentencecontains11.8wdslessthan12wds.SentencenumberNumberofwds118283114359687113describestheweatherratherthantheexecution.Oneofthereasonsisthattheweatherfecastsomethinghriblehideous

10、iscoming.Fanotherthissimplesentencegivesapauseintheseseriesofactionstoholdonacertaindegreeofmysteryemptiness.Oneofthemostprominentfeaturesofthisvigteisthatnineoutofelevensentencesendwithaprepositionalphraseaseriesofprepo

11、sitionalphrase.Seethetablebelow.SentencenumberPrepositionalPhrase1athalfpastsixinthemningagainstthewallofahospital2inthecourtyard3onthepavingofthecourtyard456withtyphoid7downstairsoutintotherain8satdowninapuddleofwater9a

12、gainstthewall10stup11downinthewaterwithhisheadonhiskneesTheytendtomakethesentencesemphatichelptomakethewholeparagraphstronglyrhythmic.Asweonlystressthe“head”inaprepositionalphrase(Fexamplewestressthewdcourtyardintheprepo

13、sitionalphraseinthecourtyard.)asenseofdynamicmusicisswitchedonwhichresultsinanillusionasiftheinhumanexecutionwereapproachingstepbysteptothereaders.Anotheradvantageofsuchapplicationofprepositionalphrasegoesthattheyserveas

14、adelayingtacticprovideakindofsubjectiveperspective.Seethefollowingpassagewiththeprepositionalphrasesomitted.1Theyshotthesixcabiministers[].2Therewerepoolsofwater[].3Therewerewetdeadleaves[].4Itrainedhard.5Alltheshutterso

15、fthehospitalwerenailedshut.6Oneoftheministerwassick[].7Twosoldierscarriedhim[].8Theytriedtoholdhim[]buthesatdown[].9Theotherfivestoodveryquietly[].10Finallytheofficertoldthesoldiersitwasnogoodtryingtomakehimst[].11Whenth

16、eyfiredthefirstvolleyhewassitting[].Withouttheprepositionalphrasesthereaderscanonlyseethebarebonesoftheactionsbuttheylosethepartswhichtellthemhowcrueltheexecutsarehowmiserabletheministersare.Fexampleinsentence7ifweomit“d

17、ownstairsoutintotherain”wecannotseehowinhumanrudetheexecutsaretofcetheministerstosufferintheshower.Inadditionprepositionalphrasesdelaythenewinfmationcomingfromthenextsentence.Asaresultitisaneffectivetechniquetoarouseinte

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