新視界大學(xué)英語綜合教程3unit3

1、,,Vincent van Gogh,Warming up,? Work in pairs. Check (?) the things which you think are forms of art.,? architecture ? cinema ? classical music ? cooking ? dancing? fashion design ? martial arts ? novels ?

2、painting ? poetry ? popular music ? sculpture,Now add some more ideas to the list.,Warming up,? Work in pairs and answer the questions.,1 What examples can you think of for each art form? (Reference.)2 What d

3、o great works of art have in common? 3 Which is the greatest of all the art forms, and why?,They refresh the spirit. They have beauty. They express some aspect of being human more clearly for us.,? Music explores em

4、otions beyond words and has a worldwide appeal. ? Poetry as a form of art has meaning as well as beauty.,Warming up,architecture: the Temple of Heaven, Beijing cinema: Chen Kaige’s Yellow Earth (《黃土地》) classic music:

5、Mozart’s 40th Symphony (《莫扎特第四十交響曲》) cooking: a meal at Da Dong Roast Duck Restaurant (大董烤鴨店), Beijing dancing: a performance of Swan Lake fashion design: a show by Giorgio Armani (喬治·阿瑪尼) martial arts: a displa

6、y by Jet Li (李連杰)novels: The Dream of the Red Chamberpainting: a Rembrandt’s (倫勃朗) self-portraitpoetry: Qu Yuan’s Li Sao popular music: Teng Lichun’s (鄧麗君) When will you return?sculpture: Michelangelo’s (米開朗基羅) Davi

7、d,Back,Warming up,Watch a video collection of van Gogh’s works and try to learn the song Starry Starry Night.,Lyrics:,Warming up,? Look at the painting of sunflowers and answer the questions.,1 In what period do you thi

8、nk this was painted?2 Which is the strongest colour?,The 1880s.,An orange yellow.,Warming up,3 What do you think the painter hoped to express with this painting?4 What (if anything) does the painting tell us ab

9、out the personality of the painter?,It is clearly more than the appearance of the flowers. I think his emotions about them or perhaps his emotions in general are expressed in the form of sunflowers. (A sense of welcome a

10、nd happiness.),Powerful emotions, almost a sort of pain about life. (the intensity of his feelings.),Skimming,◇Browse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it.◇Analyze the structure of the passage:

11、1. how many parts can the passage be divided into? 2. what’s the main idea of each part?,Task,,Organization of the passage,Part 1 (1--3)Part 2(4--9)Part 3(10--15)Part 4 (16),Main idea of each part,Part 1 (1--3):b

12、rief introduction to Vincent van GoghPart 2(4--9): van Gogh’s lifePart 3(10--15): the reasons for his productivityPart 4 (16): conclusion,Skimming,? Answer the questions.,1 What two facts do most people remember abou

13、t van Gogh? His use of colour and his mental illness. 2 What did his early paintings show? The gloomy light of Northern Europe. 3 How did the Impressionists influence his style? His style became lighter a

14、nd brighter. 4 Why did he paint so many pictures of himself? Because he could not afford to hire models.,Skimming,5 Why did he move to the south of France? Because he grew discouraged with his life in Paris, and

15、he was drawn by the sunshine of Arles.6 How did van Gogh and Gauguin get on with each other? They were very close but they had serious disagreements. 7 Why did van Gogh need to spend time in a mental hospital?

16、 For depression and because he was worried about hearing voices. 8 What do art lovers think about van Gogh now? He produced some of the greatest paintings the world has ever known, and gave inspiration to so many la

17、ter artists.,Skimming,? Match the conditions 1–5 with the symptoms (a)–(e).,1 epilepsy 2 sunstroke3 lead poisoning 4 schizophrenia5 bipolar disorder,(a) hearing voices

18、 inside your head (b) seeing circles of light around objects (c) experiencing periods of intense activity followed by tiredness(d) feeling sick and aggressive (e) feeling the need to write a lot,Skimming,Answer: 1

19、-(e); 2-(d); 3-(b); 4-(a); 5-(c),Vincent van Gogh,譯文,Digging,1 Between November of 1881 and July of 1890, Vincent van Gogh painted almost 900 paintings, but never achieved fame. Yet since his death, he has become one

20、 of the most celebrated painters in the world.,Background information,Digging,2 The two most important but apparently independent features about van Gogh which most people know about are his spectacular, almost explosiv

21、e, use of colour and the poor state of his mental health, which brought his life to a sad end.,譯文,Digging,3 Yet, according to medical research since van Gogh’s death, it now seems that these two features may be linked,

22、 and that his mental health may have contributed to his artistic style, not just at the end of his life, but at earlier times as well.,譯文,Digging,4 Van Gogh was born in Holland in 1853, and his early career working fo

23、r an international art dealer took him to London, Paris and Belgium. When he decided to become a painter in 1880 with the support of his brother Theo, his early work was, not surprisingly, filled with the gloomy light of

24、 Northern Europe.,譯文,Digging,5 In Paris van Gogh met many of the artists later known as Impressionists, such as Degas, Toulouse-Lautrec, Pissarro and Gauguin. His style changed under their influence, and became lighter

25、 and brighter. He used small strokes of primary colours (red, blue and yellow) and complementary colours (purple, orange and green). He was also sensitive to the more abstract style of Gauguin’s paintings, where shapes o

26、f objects are represented by distinct zones of colour.,譯文,Digging,6 Yet despite working in such an encouraging atmosphere, van Gogh could not equal his friends’ growing success. He was unable to pay for models, and so

27、 he painted a large number of self-portraits, which may indicate his potential for soul searching.,譯文,Digging,7 Van Gogh soon grew discouraged with his life in Paris, and moved to Arles in the south of France, where, d

28、rawn by the sunshine, he hoped to establish an artists’ community. He felt liberated by the people, the buildings and the scenery there, and painted them with vivid, passionate colours and a cheerfulness which was new to

29、 him and his career. He was keen for Gauguin to visit him, and finally persuaded him to make the journey.,譯文,Digging,The paintings of Sunflowers and his home were partly intended as a welcome to Gauguin, partly a reflect

30、ion of his happiness. But because of the intensity of van Gogh’s friendship for him and hostile disagreements about their working methods, Gauguin left Arles. At this event, van Gogh cut off part of his own right ear.,譯文

31、,Digging,8 Van Gogh spent several desperate periods in a mental hospital over the next two years because of his depression and his concern that he had heard voices. His style became more experimental, with stronger li

32、nes and sharper colours, always dominated by the green of the olive trees, the blue of the sky and the spectacular yellow of the sun. This was the period of his greatest output and some success, with the famous The Starr

33、y Night and other paintings being well-received by critics at the annual exhibition in Paris.,譯文,Digging,9 But these very productive periods were matched by moments when despair prevailed, during which he doubted his

34、 ability to create a work of value. In a delicate state of mind, van Gogh returned to a friend near Paris and continued his work. In 1890 he shot himself, taking two days to die.10 So what is the link between his lo

35、ve of intense colour and his destructive mental state?,譯文,Digging,11 We now know more about mental and physical illness, and their effects. Van Gogh suffered from epilepsy, an illness which leads to fits, and which ma

36、y have been caused by a defect in the brain at birth. This was made worse by drinking absinthe, a popular but dangerous alcohol often drunk by artists at the time. His doctor prescribed a drug which can cause the patient

37、 to see everything in yellow or to see yellow spots. This may have been why van Gogh loved the colour.,Digging,12 Van Gogh experienced a surge of activity, after which he became tired and depressed. We now recognize th

38、ese to be symptoms of bipolar disorder. He also used lead-based paints, exposure to which can lead to lead poisoning. One of the symptoms of lead poisoning is a swelling of the retinas in the eyes, which can cause one to

39、 see light in circles around objects. We can see this effect in paintings such as The Starry Night.,譯文,Digging,13 Another condition linked to epilepsy and manic behaviour is the spontaneous need to write continuously.

40、Van Gogh wrote over 800 letters to his brother, Theo, which might be the result of this condition.,譯文,Digging,14 Van Gogh wanted his paintings to be realistic, so he worked outdoors. Some of the episodes of aggressive

41、ness and feeling sick may be the effects of sunstroke.,譯文,Digging,15 Finally, hearing voices is a well-established symptom of schizophrenia, a serious mental illness which changes the relationship between what you

42、think and reality.,譯文,Digging,16 We talk about the genius necessary to produce great works of art. In van Gogh’s case, his genius, especially in his use of colour, may be due to his mental health. As art lovers, we ac

43、knowledge that van Gogh produced some of the greatest paintings the world has ever known, and gave inspiration to so many later artists. But we should not overlook the mental torture he suffered for his art.■,譯文,,1. … an

44、d so he painted a large number of self-portraits, which may indicate his potential for soul searching. (Line 3, Para 6),His interest in painting his own face may indicate his interest in examining himself and asking hims

45、elf questions about his values and the meaning of his life. soul searching: asking oneself questions about one’s values and the meaning of one’s life,Difficult sentences,,Difficult sentences,2. He felt liberated by the

46、 people, the buildings and the scenery there, and painted them with vivid, passionate colours and a cheerfulness which was new to him and his career. (Line 3, Para 7),He felt a new freedom from the lifestyle, attitudes a

47、nd scenery he experienced there. His pictures from that time were brighter in colour and happier in mood than any he had painted before.,,,Difficult sentences,3. But because of the intensity of van Gogh’s friendship for

48、him and hostile disagreements about their working methods, Gauguin left Arles. (Line 9, Para 7),The friendship was a lot stronger on van Gogh’s part than Gauguin’s and this made the latter feel uncomfortable about it. Th

49、e two argued bitterly about art (for example, van Gogh believed in painting out in the open, whereas Gauguin thought it better to paint from memory). As their relations got worse, van Gogh panicked that Gauguin would lea

50、ve him, approached him with a razor blade in hand, and later cut off his own ear with the blade. Gauguin decided his presence only made van Gogh’s behaviour worse and he left Arles while his dangerous friend was recoveri

51、ng in hospital.,,,Difficult sentences,4. In a delicate state of mind, van Gogh returned to a friend near Paris and continued his work. In 1890 he shot himself, taking two days to die. (Line 4, Para 9),delicate state of m

52、ind: psychologically fragile; close to breakdown,,,Difficult sentences,5. Van Gogh experienced a surge of activity, after which he became tired and depressed. (Line 1, Para 12),a surge of activity: of any activity he was

53、 engaged in at that time; for example, he might produce many paintings.,,,Difficult sentences,6. Some of the episodes of aggressiveness and feeling sick may be the effects of sunstroke. (Line 2, Para 14),episodes of aggr

54、essiveness: for example, the arguments with and threatening Gauguin,,,Difficult sentences,7. But we should not overlook the mental torture he suffered for his art. (Line 7, Para 16),As we enjoy van Gogh’s paintings, we o

55、ught to remember what pain and unhappiness his work caused him.,explosive,釋義1,a. (usu before noun) relating to or like an explosion 爆炸式的,例句,Nuclear weapons are not the only explosive force threatening civilization.,核武器不

56、是唯一的威脅人類文明的爆炸力量。,翻譯,Words,例句,Unemployment became an explosive issue.,失業(yè)成了一個爆炸性的問題。,翻譯,釋義2,a. able to explode 會爆炸的,Words,例句,Highly explosive gas is naturally found in coal mines.,煤礦中天然存有高爆氣體。,翻譯,例句,The explosive device wa

57、s timed to go off at the rush hour.,爆炸裝置被設(shè)定在高峰時間引爆。,翻譯,explosive,釋義1,n. [C] a single short line or mark made with a pen or brush （鋼筆或毛筆的）一筆，一畫,例句,The most complex Chinese character contains 64 strokes.,最復(fù)雜的漢字有64畫。,翻譯,Wor

58、ds,例句,翻譯,stroke,Fill in gaps by using short, upward strokes of the pencil.,用鉛筆向上短短地勾畫幾道來填充空白。,釋義2,n. [C] one of the series of sounds some clocks make to mark the hour, or the time marked by this （某些鐘表整點報時的）一敲，一響,例句,The t

59、elephone rang at the stroke of six.,鐘敲六下，電話鈴響了。,翻譯,Words,例句,翻譯,On the stroke of 12, fireworks suddenly exploded into the night.,12 點的鐘聲剛敲響，焰火便在夜空中綻放。,stroke,釋義1,a. abstract art expresses the artist’s ideas or feelings r

60、ather than showing the exact appearance of people or things （藝術(shù)）抽象派的,例子,,,翻譯,Words,例句,Abstract art is an acquired taste.,翻譯,對抽象派藝術(shù)要有足夠的了解才會欣賞。,...a modern abstract painting,一幅現(xiàn)代派抽象畫。,abstract,釋義2,a. abstract ideas exist

61、as thoughts in the mind, and are not related to physical objects or real events and actions 抽象的,例句,The photographs put a human face on an abstract political event.,這些照片上的人物面孔使抽象的政治事件具體化。,翻譯,Words,例句,Some people say beaut

62、y itself is abstract.,有人說美是抽象的。,翻譯,abstract,釋義1,a. able to be clearly seen, heard, smelt, or tasted 清晰的；清楚的,例句,There was a distinct smell of burning coming from downstairs.,樓下飄來濃烈的焦糊味。,翻譯,Words,例句,As dawn broke, the outl

63、ine of a building became distinct against the sky.,天亮?xí)r建筑物的輪廓在天空的襯托下顯得十分清晰。,翻譯,distinct,釋義2,a. separate and different in a way that is clear 有區(qū)別的；不同的,例句,They were classified into two distinct groups.,他們被歸入兩種不同類型的群體。,翻譯,Wo

64、rds,例句,The company, as distinct from its shareholders, should be liable for any debts.,公司與其股東不同，負有償還債務(wù)的責任。,翻譯,真題,Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. (Jun. 1998, CE

65、T-4, Reading Comprehension),distinct,釋義1,vt. to make someone feel less confident or hopeful 使泄氣；使灰心,例句,Trying to lose weight fast will only discourage you.,試圖迅速減肥只會使你灰心喪氣。,翻譯,Words,例句,It may be difficult to do at first.

66、Don't let this discourage you.,翻譯,萬事開頭難，別因此而灰心。,discourage,釋義2,vt. to try to prevent something from happening, especially because you do not approve of it or think it is harmful （尤指因反對或認為有害而）阻止，制止,例句,Put the plant i

67、n a cold room to discourage growth.,把這棵植物放到較冷的房間阻止其生長。,翻譯,Words,例句,We hope the bad weather won’t discourage people from coming along.,我們希望壞天氣不會阻止人們前來。,翻譯,discourage,釋義1,vt. to give someone the freedom to do what they wan

68、t, for example by taking them out of a situation in which their behaviour is controlled 解除對……的束縛；解脫,例句,翻譯,Words,In the 1930s, electricity liberated farmers from many hard chores.,20世紀30年代，電使農(nóng)民從許多累活兒中解脫了出來。,例句,翻譯,These re