英語詞匯學(xué)實(shí)用教程 陳新仁 課后答案

1、Awdofwarning:Notallthekeysprovidedherearecrect.Useyourbrains!!!Unit1pp.916P.9CheckYourUndersting:ad:Fe.TInClassActivities1…f.Wdhasitthey’redivcing.?a.Somethinghewouldtalkaboutb.thingsthataresaidcontrastedwiththingsthatar

2、edonec.thepromiseonehasmaded.spokencommsignale.infmationf.pieceofnewsmessageP102.(1)fivecriteria:Potentialpause:Thepausewhichhappenswhenyousayasentencewilltendtofallbetweenwdsnotwithinwds.Indivisibility:Theextraitemswill

3、beaddedbetweenthewdsnotwithinthem.Minimalfreefms:thesmallestunitsofspeechthatcanmeaningfullystontheirown.Phoicboundaries:Itissometimespossibletotellfromthesoundofawdwhereitbeginsends.Semanticunits:eachwdinasentencehasacl

4、earmeaning.(2)DoyouthinkthesecriteriaarequestionableinanywayCantheybeappliedtotheidentificationofzitheroughChineseequivalentoftheEnglish“wd”Noastheaboveanalysisexplained.Notheycannot.Fexample流連蹣跚aredanchuci(單純詞)whichcann

5、otbeanalyzedindependently.P113.(1)SupposewewanttoknowwhatarethetenmostfrequentlyusedEnglishwds.WhataretheyasfarasyoucantellHowaboutChineseTheoftoainisityouthat的、一、是、在、了、不、和、有、大、著3.(2)Theyarebasicallyfunctionalwds.possess

6、ivewds(of的)numberwds(a一)copulawds(is是)conjunctions(和)localizers(in在)EnglishhasthedefinitearticletheseveralpronounsyouthatitwhichareabsentinChinese.4.wdsarearbitrary(i.e.notmotivated)onomatopoeicwds“sl”ishighlysuggestiveo

7、fthemeaningofthewdsthatcontainitsuchas“slide”“slip”“slush”.(1)Babblebanggruntsplash噼啪、嗡嗡、滴滴噠、吱嘎吱NothesewdsareonlyasmallpartofEnglishChinesevocabulary(2)Footballhballconcernthebodypartwhichkickpasstheballfromoneplacetoano

8、therbasketballisnamedafterabasketintowhichtheballisput.(3)Peoplehavebodilyembeddedknowledgetoinferthesemotivationsofsuchusage.Thefirstexampleconcernsthemetaphsecondmetonymy.(4)Somefigurativeusagesarealsohighlymotivated.F

9、example:Necessityisthemotherofinvention.Languageiscomposedofnotjustindividualwdsbutalsowdequivalentssuchaswdgroups(compoundwds)chunkssuchasidiomsfmulaicsequencesso.Thelatterisattractingmemescholarlyattentionthesedays.Thu

10、slexicologyismepreciselydefinedasthescientificstudyofthewdswdequivalentsinalanguage.Unit2pp.2429CheckYourUndersting:ae.FInClassActivities1.(1)Sispronouncedas[s][z[iz]]whenitisrespectivelyattachedtoavoicelessconsonantavoi

11、cedconsonantavowelanywdsendingwithszpronouncingas[s][z].(2)Yesfexamplethepluralfmofsheepremainsunchangedmanhasitspluralfmrealizedas“men”.(3)Theusualallomphsofthemphemeofthepasttensemayberealizedas[t][d][id]2.prefixesofne

12、gation:aunin(iril)dismisnondesymmetry→asymmetrytypical→atypicalfgettable→unfgettabletie→untiearticulate→inarticulatediscreet→indiscreetmature→immaturepartial→impartiallegal→illegallegible→illegiblerelevant→irrelevantreve

13、rent→irreverentlike→dislikeable→disableuse→misuselead→misleadsense→nonsensecommercial→noncommercialfm→defmconstruction→deconstruction(2)Unisusuallyprefixedbefetransitiveverbssuchastie→untienounssuchasadjectivessuchasempl

14、oyment→unemployment.Nonisoftenputbefeadjectivessuchasessential→nonessentialnounssuchasexistence→nonexistence.BothoftheusagearepossiblebecausethewdfollowedtheabovetwoprefixeshasnoreadymadeacronymsinEnglishlexicalsystem.3.

15、(1)No.unwomanisnotawdinEnglish.Unisusuallyputbefeanabstractuncountablenoun.(2)mphologicalstructure:inaccessibilityinaccessibleityinaccessibleaccessible(3)Thesewdsmayconnatesexinequalityatfirstsight.ButInfactwegotoofarifw

16、eholdthisnotioninmind.Soletussummonanewspiritofpatriotismofresponsibilitywhereeachofusresolvestopitchinwkharderlookafternotonlyourselvesbuteachother.Letusrememberthatifthisfinancialcrisistaughtusanythingitsthatwecannotha

17、veathrivingWallStreetwhileMainStreetsuffers.Inthiscountrywerisefallasonenationasonepeople.Letsresistthetemptationtofallbackonthesamepartisanshippettinessimmaturitythathaspoisonedourpoliticsfsolong.Letsrememberthatitwasam

18、anfromthisstatewhofirstcarriedthebanneroftheRepublicanPartytotheWhiteHouseapartyfoundedonthevaluesofselfrelianceindividuallibertynationalunity.Thosearevaluesthatweallshare.whiletheDemocraticPartyhaswonagreatvictytonightw