宋代福建與兩廣地區(qū)人地關(guān)系比較研究

1、河北大學碩士學位論文宋代福建與兩廣地區(qū)人地關(guān)系比較研究姓名：王麗歌申請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：中國古代史指導教師：姜錫東2011-05AbsractIIIAbstractConflict between human and land, esp. increasing population and decreasing land, is oneof the most serious issues facing the sustainable

2、development in China. In Song Dynasty, thiskind of problems had already become prominent in local areas.Fujian took on the shrinking-land-dense-population phenomenon since the middle andlate Northern Song Dynasty, owing

3、to the political stability , and good social and economicsituation.During the whole Song Dynasty, Fujian’s arable land had been shrinking to 2 Mu percapita, because of the increasing population and mountainous conditions

4、, thus, Fujian becamethe most serious and typical shrinking-land-dense-population area, in which the conflictbetween human and land was extremely fierce.The tense relationship forced people tomoderate the land supply and

5、 to save the living space in many ways such as land reclamation,high efficiency agriculture, outward migration, developing industry and commerce,educational development, disseminating Buddhism and infanticide. All that h

6、ad a profoundinfluence on the local geography, society, economy, politics and culture.Located remote and harsh conditioned, Guangdong and Guangxi were developed late.Due to war and population pressure, huge population of

7、 central plains and the edge ofGuangdong and Guangxi migrated to these areas, which stepped into an era of greatdevelopment. The long-standing wild backwardness led to the weak foundation, taking on aunderdeveloped situa

8、tion where there were vast land but sparse population. It didn’t entirelyimprove until Ming and Qing Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, Guangdong and Guangxi were stillbackward, wild, bleak and typical areas of vast land but spar

9、se population.A great number of surplus grain was imported to Fujian by sea under the circumstancethat Fujian was short of grain because of increasing population and decreasing land, butGuangdong and Guangxi were low con

10、sumer of grain because of vast land but sparsepopulation.The investigation of grain production and transportation shows that the mainreason for differences of two different relationships between human and land is caused

11、bynatural conditions, land policies and national policies.And different relationships betweenhuman and land have different influences on the economic development, cultural customs,land policies and ecological environment