簡(jiǎn)介：對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文歐洲合同法原則統(tǒng)一歐洲合同法的路徑研究以誠(chéng)信與公平交易原則為重點(diǎn)姓名隋軍申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別博士專業(yè)國(guó)際法學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師王軍20090201本文的第五部分，介紹了歐洲合同法原則最新的發(fā)展，即其繼任者歐洲法律共同框架指南的源起、發(fā)展的最新情況，闡釋其與歐洲合同法原則的繼承關(guān)系，并對(duì)其如何繼續(xù)實(shí)現(xiàn)歐洲合同法統(tǒng)一的路徑做出分析說明和評(píng)價(jià)。就歐洲合同法原則的命運(yùn)和其將對(duì)歐洲合同法統(tǒng)一的作用做出展望。論文的第六部分，從歐洲合同法原則在誠(chéng)信與公平交易原則上體現(xiàn)出的最新國(guó)際合同立法趨勢(shì)、先進(jìn)制度和規(guī)則展開思考，提出對(duì)中國(guó)合同法中相關(guān)制度的改進(jìn)建議。本文的工作目的在于第一，論證歐洲私法統(tǒng)一的趨勢(shì)；第二，找到歐洲合同法原則實(shí)現(xiàn)歐洲合同法統(tǒng)一的方法，了解國(guó)際合同統(tǒng)一立法的最新趨勢(shì)；第三，了解兩大法系合同法的真正分歧以及有無新的解決方案；第四，為完善我國(guó)合同立法提供新的參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，汲取國(guó)際先進(jìn)合同立法的精華，實(shí)現(xiàn)我國(guó)合同法進(jìn)步并順暢國(guó)際商事活動(dòng)。本文采用了比較法的研究方法，在對(duì)相關(guān)主題歐盟各成員國(guó)不同立法比較的基礎(chǔ)上，說明歐洲合同法原則是如何找到其“共同核心力，并加以的統(tǒng)一方法。特別需要說明的是，歐洲合同法委員會(huì)工作的立足點(diǎn)沒有局限于歐洲，而是將國(guó)際貨物買賣合同公約、國(guó)際商事合同通則、甚至美國(guó)法，都納入其研究范圍。所以為了進(jìn)而說明歐洲合同法原則代表的國(guó)際合同立法趨勢(shì)，本文比較法研究的視野也沒有僅限于歐盟成員國(guó)立法，同樣包括了國(guó)際貨物買賣合同公約、國(guó)際商事合同通則和美國(guó)法。本文得出的結(jié)論是，歐洲合同法原則選擇的路徑是在兩大法系之間找到“共同核心“，通過制定“軟法“實(shí)現(xiàn)歐洲合同法法典化，自下而上地實(shí)現(xiàn)歐洲合同法的統(tǒng)一。這樣一部歐洲統(tǒng)一合同法典雖然名為“歐洲“，但在其適用范圍和比較法研究的范圍上，都可以明顯看出其選擇的國(guó)際化路線。歐洲合同法原則在最大程度與當(dāng)今國(guó)際合同法典保持一致的前提下，跟進(jìn)國(guó)際合同實(shí)踐對(duì)合同法的要求，并且體現(xiàn)歐盟已有的統(tǒng)一合同法成果，以此承擔(dān)起其作為歐洲民法典先驅(qū)的歷史使命。應(yīng)該說，它不僅是一部歐洲的統(tǒng)一合同法典，也是一部國(guó)際的統(tǒng)一合同法典，代表著現(xiàn)代國(guó)際合同統(tǒng)一立法的最新趨勢(shì)。目前國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者在歐洲合同法原則這一專題之下的論著非常有限，難以讓國(guó)內(nèi)的讀者對(duì)歐洲合同法原則有一個(gè)深入的了解。本文的創(chuàng)造性成果創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)為第一，首次以歐洲合同法原則為專題，探索其統(tǒng)一歐盟各成員國(guó)合同法的方法和路徑，揭示了歐洲合同法原則采用的統(tǒng)一方法是尋找歐盟各成員國(guó)不同法律體系的“共同核心“，在此基礎(chǔ)上通過制定“軟法一實(shí)現(xiàn)非政治性“法典化“的一種自下而上的方法。第二，揭示了歐洲合同法原則在尋找兩大法系之間的“共同核心”時(shí)所采用的方法，是借助美國(guó)法作為普通法系代表，N

簡(jiǎn)介：東北大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文在政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)的陰影下18481965美國(guó)華人移民入籍史姓名楊大偉申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)外國(guó)語言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語言學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師劉卓20070101東』匕大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTUNDERTHESHADESOFECONOMYANDPOLITICSNATURALIZATIONOFCHINESEIMMIGRANTSINTHEUNITEDSTATES18481965ABSTRACTMUNITEDSTATESISACOUNTRYMADEUPOFIMMIGRANTSFROMALLOVERTHEWORLDMCHINESEPEOPLEALEONEOFTHELARGEGROUPSOFIMMIGRANTSLARGESCALEIMMIGRATIONFROMCHINATOTHEUNITEDSTATESBEGANINTHELATE1840SWHENGOLDWASFOUNDINCALIFOMIACHINESEIMMIGRATIONTOAMERICAHASLASTEDFORMORETHANL50YEARSSINCETHENNLECHINESEIMMIGRATIONHISTORYWASFULLOFHARDSHIPANDSTRUGGLEAFTERTHESHORTINITIALWELCOME，CHINESEIMMIGRANTSRECEIVEDRESTRICTIONEXCLUSIONANDFORBIDDANCEACCOMPANIEDWITHTHEIMMIGRATION。CHINESENATURALIZATIONBEGANN塘NATURALIZATIONHISTORYOFCHINESEIMMIGRANTSINTHEUNITEDSTATESWITNESSEDDRASTICCULTURALCONFLICTS，POLITICALEXCLUSION，ANDASERIESOFSOCIALANDECONOMICALINEQUALITYN忙STUDYONCHINESEAMERICANSBEGANTOATTRACTMOREANDMORESCHOLARS’ATTENTIONFROMTHEEARLY1980SMANYWORKSONCHINESEIMMIGRATIONHASBEENPUBLISHEDHOWEVERCHINESENATURALIZATIONWASNOTATTACHEDGREATIMPORTANCETHISTHESISAIMSTO1DOACOMPARATIVELYCOMPREHENSIVEANDSYSTEMATICSTUDYONTHENATURALIZATIONHISTORYOFCHINESEIMMIGRANTSINUSDURINGTHE150YEARS，ESPECIALLYTHEPERIODFROM1848TO1965，ANDMAKEANANALYSISANDSYNTHESIS；2PUTEMPHASISONTHEECONOMICANDPOLITICALFACTORSANDTHECONTRADICTIONBETWEENTHEMITWILLBEEASIERTOSTUDYTHECHINESENATURALIZATIONLLI吼ORYINTHEUNITEDSTATESALONGWITHTHECHINESEIMMIGRATIONHISTORYAXISDURINGTHEFREEIMMIGRATIONPERIODWITHTHEINCREASEOFCLLINESEIMMIGRATIONCHINESENATURALIZATIONEASESINCREASEDINTHEUNITEDSTATES，ALTHOUGHTHENATURALIZATIONRIGHTWASLIMITEDONLYTO“FREEWHITEPERSONS’’WHENCHINESEIMMIGRATIONWASFORBIDDEN，CHINESENATURALIZATIONDIDNOTSTOPAFTER1943CHINESENATURALIZATIONW私LEGALIZEDFORTHEFIRATIMEINTHEHISTORYCHINESEIMMIGRANTSREALIZEDTHATONLYCITIZENSCANINFLUENCETHELAWCHINESEIMMIGRANTSHADNOCITIZENSHIPTHEREFORE，THELAWWILLNOTPREVENTADVERSEINTRODUCEDTOTHECHINESE，NOTBEEFFECTIVETOPROTECTTHEMSELVESNATURALIZATIONWASREGARDEDASAGOODWAYFORCHINESETOPROTECTTHEIRRIGHTSANDFIGHTAGAINSTTHEDISCRIMINATORYLAWSCHINESENATURALIZATIONRECEIVEDINFLUENCESFROMECONOMYPOLITICS，LAWS，ANDSEINEOTHERFACTORSVARIOUSIMMIGRATIONANDNATURALIZATIONLAWSDIRECTLYAFFECTEDCHINESENATURALIZATIONBUTWHATWASBEHINDTHOSELEGALDOCUMENTSAREECONOMICANDPOLITICALENVIRONMENTWHICHPLAYEDTHEDECISIVEROLEINNATURALIZATIONISSUEKEYWORDSIMMIGRATION；NATURALIZATION；ECONOMY；POLITICS一Ⅱ一

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簡(jiǎn)介：西南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文論作為一般侵權(quán)前理解的范式理解歐陸200年一般侵權(quán)法演進(jìn)史之哲學(xué)考察姓名陳慶申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)民商法學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師周安平20070401兩南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘要獲得個(gè)案中的一般侵權(quán)理解之前，法官要受到所在國(guó)家源自生活形式井通過法律概念形式獲得規(guī)定的作為前理解的范式理解的支配，這種范式理解在本文看來就是對(duì)上述三個(gè)問題的回答即兩個(gè)法源的地位對(duì)比問題、兩個(gè)視域的優(yōu)先性問題與法官判斷權(quán)力的大小阿題通過對(duì)歐陸200年一般侵權(quán)法演進(jìn)史的哲學(xué)考察，我概括出了三種作為一般侵權(quán)前理解的范式理解。進(jìn)而，本文提出。法律真理”的“參與性理想”問題在我看來，問題不在于我們是否認(rèn)識(shí)到“法律真理”而在于我們是否參與了“法律真理”，我們是否走在。法律真理”的途中【關(guān)鍵詞】一般侵權(quán)哲學(xué)詮釋學(xué)法律真理前理解范式理解

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簡(jiǎn)介：復(fù)旦大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歐盟憲法條約與歐洲認(rèn)同的建構(gòu)姓名韓國(guó)營(yíng)申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)國(guó)際關(guān)系指導(dǎo)教師陳玉剛20070422ABSTRACTCONSTITUTIONALMAKINGISANEWBREAKTHROUGHTOTHEEUROPEANINTEGRATION，BUTITWASREJECTEDBYFRANCEANDNETHERLANDSIN2005WHICHCAUSEDCONSTITUTIONCRISIS．THECRISISBRINGSUPEUROPEANIDENTITYISSUEINEUROPEANLEVEL．LACKOFSTRONGCOMMUNITYIDENTITYCONSCIOUSNESSISTHEMAINREASONOFREJECTIONOFCONSTITUTIONALDRAFTOFEUINFRANCEANDNETHERLANDS．THECONSTITUTIONOFEUCANSETTLETHETHINEUROPEANIDENTITYPROBLEM．THEEUCONSTITUTIONALTREATYCONFIRMSTHEALREADYEUROPEANINTEGRATIONACCOMPLISHMENTS，ALSOITCANGIVETHEULTIMATEIMPETUSTOFURTHERINTEGRATIONWIDELYANDDEEPLYINEUROPE．THECOURSEOFEUROPEANIDENTITYCONSTRUCTIONANDTHEEUROPEANCONSTITUTIONALTREATYISMUTUAL，WITHOUTSTRENGTHENINGOFCOMMUNITYIDENTITY，THECONSTITUTIONWILLNOTCOMEUP，CONSTITUTIONALTREATYISBENEFICIALTOFOSTERNEWEUROPEANIDENTITY．ALTHOUGH，THETREATYDRAFTDOESN’TMEANTHATTHEACCOMPLISHMENTOFEUROPEANIDENTITY，ITSFUNCTIONISTOFASTENTHEIDENTITYISSUE．EUCONSTITUTIONALTREATYCHANGESTHEGOVERNMENTALSTRUCTURE，THEFORMOFEUROPEANCITIZENSHIP，THESOLVINGDEMOCRACYDEFICIT，BUILDINGUPEUROPEANPUBLICSPHERE。CONSTRUCTINGEUROPEANIDENTITY．INAWORD，CONSTITUTIONALTREATYPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINTHEFUTUREEUROPE．THISPAPERFOCUSEDONTHECONTEXTOFTHESIGNEDEUCONSTITUTION，ANDANALYZEDITSIMPACTSTOTHEFORMOFEUROPEANIDENTITY。THECONTENTSANDTHEIDENTITYRELATIONSHIP，THEPOTENTIALOBSTACLESANDDRAWBACKS．ENCOUNTEREDAFTERSIGNINGCONSTITUTIONALTREATY．FROMACONSTITUTIONALANDCONSTRUCTIVISMPERSPECTIVE，TOANALYZEEUROPEANIDENTITY，THEIMPLEMENTOFTREATYCAUSEDINFLUENCE，THEEUROPECULTURE，INSTITUTION，CONSTITUTIONALPATRIOTISM，PUBLICSPHERE，CITIZENSHIP，THEIRRELATIONSHIPWITHEUROPEANIDENTITY．WHATEVERTHEDESTINYOFCONSTITUTIONALTREATY．ITSINFLUENCEINFORMINGEUROPESELFIDENTITYISPOWERFUL．EUMADEGREATEFFORTSTORETRIEVALITACCOUNTEDFORTHAT．KEYWORDSEUCONSTITUTIONALTREATY．CONSTITUTIONALPATRIOTISM，EUROPEANIDENTITY，CONSTRUCTIVISMC1ASSIFICATIONCODED814．1LI

簡(jiǎn)介：河南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歐洲中世紀(jì)自然法思想嬗變姓名鄭金坤申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)法學(xué)理論指導(dǎo)教師李振江任瑞興20100501歐洲中世紀(jì)自然法思想嬗變代替了以往帶有神秘主義色彩的神啟法，使理性觀念深入人心，使自然法更靠近世俗，使自然法與上帝之間產(chǎn)生縫隙，為之后世俗社會(huì)地位的提高乃至文藝復(fù)興做了很好的鋪墊。第五部分對(duì)中世紀(jì)自然法思想進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，歸納了中世紀(jì)自然法的特點(diǎn)，并且理出了其發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)。在寫作本文的過程中，采用了歷史考察的方法、價(jià)值分析的方法和比較的方法。自然法在中世紀(jì)的發(fā)展歷史背景有其特殊性，不能將其作孤立的研究，而應(yīng)將其放到特定的中世紀(jì)的背景下去考察，當(dāng)時(shí)神學(xué)一統(tǒng)天下，其他所有的科學(xué)都成了神學(xué)的附庸，在此背景下去研究自然法的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展、演變的過程及規(guī)律，才有理論意義。中世紀(jì)幾乎沒有專門的自然法典籍，幾乎所有的自然法思想，都蘊(yùn)含在宗教神學(xué)典籍中，這也決定了這種研究的方法。自然法思想在中世紀(jì)的保有及其發(fā)展的價(jià)值是在中世紀(jì)之后才顯示出來的，從神性到理性，從宗教到世俗，它對(duì)人性、對(duì)社會(huì)的影響具有不可估量的價(jià)值。奧古斯丁、格拉提安和托馬斯阿奎那在對(duì)自然法論述的時(shí)候，有許多相似也有許多不同的地方，他們都對(duì)法律進(jìn)行分類，但是分類的方法不盡相同，都對(duì)自然法與神旨的關(guān)系進(jìn)行論述，觀點(diǎn)也不一樣等等，通過對(duì)他們的這些論述進(jìn)行比較，可以很好的總結(jié)出自然法的含義及其發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)。任何事物都是在曲折中向前發(fā)展的，自然法思想也一樣。在歐洲中世紀(jì)，眾多宗教哲學(xué)家，挾教會(huì)的無上的權(quán)威，在他們的神哲學(xué)著作中，拿各種理論為證明上帝進(jìn)行服務(wù)，中世紀(jì)一度被認(rèn)為是黑暗的時(shí)代。然而在這個(gè)階段就自然法思想發(fā)展來說，卻不乏閃光點(diǎn)。本文的目的和創(chuàng)新之處就是揭示裹挾在晦澀冗長(zhǎng)的神學(xué)著作中的自然法思想，剖析自然法在中世紀(jì)主要發(fā)展階段的狀態(tài)、內(nèi)涵，進(jìn)而總結(jié)出其發(fā)展的內(nèi)在理路。自然法思想在中世紀(jì)這一時(shí)期獲得了重要發(fā)展，它從一個(gè)可有可無的對(duì)自然萬物的泛神信仰，發(fā)展為一個(gè)深入人心的關(guān)乎人類自身理性的理論系統(tǒng)；它從一開始與上帝的緊密結(jié)合到中世紀(jì)末期與上帝的漸行漸遠(yuǎn)，逐漸走向世俗。這一切，都促進(jìn)了人類走出宗教蒙昧，走向理性，走向科學(xué)世界。關(guān)鍵詞自然法，奧古斯丁，格拉提安，托馬斯阿奎那II

簡(jiǎn)介：摘要摘要在歐洲治理的核心機(jī)制中，歐盟理事會(huì)是主要的決策和立法機(jī)構(gòu)歐盟委員會(huì)是主要的行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)歐洲議會(huì)是共同立法機(jī)構(gòu)。歐洲治理機(jī)制隨著歐洲一體化的發(fā)展而不斷進(jìn)行調(diào)整和改革，一方面逐漸適應(yīng)機(jī)制生存的外部環(huán)境，另一方面也力圖解決在機(jī)制發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的二系列問題。近年來，作為政府間機(jī)制的歐盟理事會(huì)作用上升，超國(guó)家機(jī)制之一的歐盟委員會(huì)相對(duì)被削弱。歐洲的超國(guó)家主義者試圖通過加強(qiáng)同樣作為超國(guó)家機(jī)制的歐洲議會(huì)的權(quán)力來彌補(bǔ)近年來與政府間主義力量競(jìng)爭(zhēng)過程中的劣勢(shì)。雖然取得一些成效，但政府間主義者利用與歐洲議會(huì)的共同決策程序，繞過委員會(huì)做出決定，導(dǎo)致委員會(huì)權(quán)力有被“架空”的危險(xiǎn)，加上歐洲憲法被否決，超國(guó)家主義發(fā)展受挫。歐洲制度主義者嘗試在政府間主義與超國(guó)家主義之間發(fā)展互補(bǔ)關(guān)系，但在歐洲一體化發(fā)展實(shí)踐中，兩種力量之間多是竟?fàn)庩P(guān)系，尤其是在經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化逐步完善之后，政治與安全領(lǐng)域一體化進(jìn)行過程中，仍然是政府間主義占據(jù)上風(fēng)。本文在介紹歐洲治理機(jī)制發(fā)展歷史的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了歐洲治理的主要機(jī)構(gòu)歐盟理事會(huì)、歐盟委員會(huì)和歐洲議會(huì)存在的問題及進(jìn)行的相應(yīng)改革，并闡述機(jī)制變革后政府間機(jī)制與超國(guó)家機(jī)制之間的關(guān)系如何變化，最后總結(jié)了歐洲治理機(jī)制變遷的動(dòng)力并對(duì)機(jī)制的未來發(fā)展作了展望。關(guān)鍵詞歐洲治理機(jī)制歐盟理事會(huì)歐盟委員會(huì)歐洲議會(huì)改革ABSTR朗T明DMAKEEXPECTATIONOFINSTITOTIONFOTUREK叮WORDSTBELNSTITUTLONSOFGOVEMANCE，TBECOUDCILOFTHEUUL。乓TBEEUROPEANCOMMLSSIO氏T七EPARHAMENT，REFORMM

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簡(jiǎn)介：山東大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歐洲一體化視野下的歐洲媒體姓名劉慧玲申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)國(guó)際政治指導(dǎo)教師郇慶治20070320山東大學(xué)碩1學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTEUROPEANINTEGRATIONHASUNDERGONEA56YEARS’PROCESSFROMTHECOALANDSTEELCOMMUNITYIN1951TOTODAY’SEUROPEANUNIONEUDURINGTHISPROCESS，MEDIASPRESENTEDATTHEEULEVEL，WITILTHEIROWNDEVELOPMENT，黜PLAYINGAMOREANDMOREOBVIOUSROLEINTHEPROCESSOFEUROPEANINTEGRATIONSOMEINSTITUTIONSWITHINEU，SUCHASEUROPEANCOMMISSIONCOUNCILOFTHEEU，ANDEUROPEANPARLIAMENTHAVEPAIDMOREATTENTIONTOMEDIAANDLAIDOUTVARIOUSRELEVANTPOLICIESEUROPEANINTEGRATIONCONTRIBUTESTOTHEEUROPEANIZATIONOFTHEMEDIASANDTHEMEDIAINFLUENCESTHEDIRECTIONOFEUROPEANINTEGRATIONONCETHEYHAVEFOUNDTHEIRPLACEINTHEEUBETWEENTHEMITSNOTONLYAPROCESSOFINTERACTIONBUTALSOAPROCESSOFMUTUALBUILDINGUPTHEREFOREWECMEXPECTAEUROPEANMEDIAOVERALONGRUNTOEMERGEANDPLAYITSOWNROLESINDEVELOPINGAEUDEMOCRACYTHEEMERGENCEOFAEUROPEANMEDIAISDUETOTHEINCREASINGDEMANDSOFCOMMUNICATIONBROUGHTABOUTBYEUROPEANINTEGRATIONANDALSODUETOTHEESTABLISHMENTOFTHEQUASIPOLITYNAMELYTHEEUTHISARTICLEWILLTAKETHEFORMINGEUROPEANMEDIAASTHEOBJECTOFSTUDYFOCUSINGUPONITSDEVELOPMENTFOLLOWINGTHEPROCESSOFEUROPEANINTEGRATIONANDTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEMINTHISARTICLE，THEMAINRESEARCHMETHODSAPPLIEDINCLUDECOSESTUDYANDCOMPARATIVEANALYSIS，AIMINGTOGIVEAFAIRLYCOMPREHENSIVESTUDYONTHEDEVELOPMENTOFEUROPEANMEDIAANDTHEEU’SMEDIAPOLICYTHISTHESISHASFIVEPARTSANDTHEBASICSTRUCTU把ISASFOLLOWSINTRODUCTIONTHISPARTAIMSTOEXPLAINTHEREASONSWHYTHEAUTHORSELECTSTHISISSUEANDTHESIGNIFICANCESOFTHISSTUDYANDTOREVIEWTHECTTRRENTSTATEOFRESEARCHABOUTTHISSUBJECTTHEN1WILLDEFINESOMEKEYCONCEPTSINTHISTHESIS，ANDPRESENTTHEFRAMEWORKOFTHISTHESISCHAPTERITHEAUTHORWILLDESCRIBETHEFORMATIONANDDEVELOPINGPLDL∞SOFTHEEUROPEANMEDIAITSCATEGORIESASWELLASITSOPERATIONS，ANDSOON，THENDESCRIBEANDINVESTIGATETHEEU’SMEDIAPOLICYITSMAJORPOLICYRULESANDDECISIONMAKING2

簡(jiǎn)介：延邊大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文日本的歷史認(rèn)識(shí)及其對(duì)朝日關(guān)系的影響以東亞古代中世史為中心姓名陳寧申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)世界史指導(dǎo)教師李宗勛20070521ABSTRACTANATIONANDACOUNTRY’SHISTORICALVIEWPOINT，HASASIGNIFICANTIMPACTONITSDOMESTICANDFOREIGNP01ICIES，ANDTHEDEVELOPMEDTOFINTERNATIONALRELATIONSALLLONGJAPAN，CHINAANDKOREA，THETHREECOUNTRIESHAVEALONGHISTORY，ADDITIONALLY，JAPAN’SAGGRESSIONTOCHINAANDKOREANPENINSULAINMODERNTIMESHAVEMADEITSUNDERSTANDINGOFHISTORYANDTHEJUDGINGINTODAY’SDEVELOPMENTOFINTERNATIONALRELATIONSABS01UTELYPARAMOUNTTHISTHESISISBASEDONANCIENTANDMIDDLEAGESHISTORY，C0LLIBININGⅣITHTHEDEYELOF塒ENTOFINTERNATIONALRELATIDNSINANCIENTTIMESOFEASTASIANTOANALYSISTHEIRRATIONALFACTORSINJ印AN’SPERCEPTIONOFHISTORYANDTHEPROFOUNDIMPACTONRELATIONSBETWEENKOREAANDJAPANTHISTHESISIS加ADEUPOFFIVEPARTS，ANDTHEESSENTIALSASFOLLOWSTHEFIRSTCHAPTERISTHEPREFACEWHICHINTRODUCESTHEPURPOSEOFTHESTUDYANDITSSIGNIFICANCE，THEPRESENTSITUATIONOFRESEARCHANDITSFEASIBILITYANDINNOVATIONSTHESECONDCHAPTERISTHEANALYSISTOTHEHISTORICALORIGINOFTHEFORMATIONOFCONCEPTSOFANIMPERIALNATIONANDTHESPROUTOFTHERELATIONBETWEENKOREAANDJAPAN0NEOFTHENOTABLEFEATURESINJAPAN’SHISTORYISTHE10NGTER塒EXISTENCEOFTHEMIKADOTHEREISA10NGHISTORYOFADMIRATIONANDBELIEFINMIKADOANDITISORIGINATEDFR伽THEGODSBELIEFWHICHISANIMPORTANTCOMPONENTOFJAPANESETRADITIONALCULTUREINMODERNTIMES，OUTOFCONSIDERATIONFORTHEWARNEED，MEIJIGOVERNMENTHADDUTTHENATIONALISMANDMILITARISMTOTHEWHOLENATIONANDTHEADMIRATIONFORTHEMIKADOTOTHECULMINATIONTHEREFORE，THECONCEPTSOFANIJILPERIALNATIONISNOTONLYTHEHISTORICALBASISOFAGGRESSIONWAR1AUNCHEDBYTHEJAPANIJNPERIALISM，BUTALSOTHEIDE0109YFOUNDATIONOFTHEDENIALANDBEAUTIFICATIONTOTHEAGGRESSIONWARTHISCHAPTERANALYZESTHEFUND锎ENTALREASONFORTHEFORMATIONOFWORSHIPTOTHEJAPANESEMIKADOANDTHECONCEPTSOFANI叩ERIALNATIONANDTHERESULTINGEMPERORSHIPONTHESUPERIORITYOFTHEJAPANESENATIONINJAPAN’SAGGRESSIONANDEXPANSIONABROAD，WHICHHADPLAYEDTHEGUIDINGR01ETHETHIRDCHAPTERFOCUSESONJAPAN’SABSORPTIONANDAPPLICATIONTOPANSINICACONCEDTCHINACENTERED“PANSINICAORDER”DOMINATESTHEANCIENTEASTASIANINTERNATIONALRELATIONSINTHEBEGINNING，THEJAPANIN“PANSINICA”SYSTEMDEPENDEDONANDFOLLOWEDCHINABUTWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHECOUNTRY，JAPANBEGANACTIVELYTOSEEKTHEEQUALSTATUSWITHCHINAANDTHESENSEOFJAPANCENTERED

簡(jiǎn)介：1417世紀(jì)歐洲自然法思想研究以近代國(guó)家理論為視角中文摘要在歐洲，十四到十七世紀(jì)是近代“國(guó)家”的孕育發(fā)展時(shí)期。關(guān)于近代國(guó)家的自然法理論在當(dāng)時(shí)頗為盛行。探究自然法思想與近代國(guó)家理論之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)于再現(xiàn)早期近代歐洲的社會(huì)文化和政治環(huán)境，對(duì)于了解人文主義政治思想家關(guān)于早期近代國(guó)家學(xué)說的合理性建構(gòu)都將有所裨益。文章認(rèn)為，關(guān)于近代國(guó)家的自然法理論有一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)而久遠(yuǎn)的歷史傳統(tǒng)淵源和深刻而現(xiàn)實(shí)的社會(huì)文化背景。自古希臘開始，自然法學(xué)說一直是西方政治思想史上獨(dú)具特色的內(nèi)容。人、社會(huì)與自然的關(guān)系是思想家們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)對(duì)國(guó)家的起源和運(yùn)作方式的探究、對(duì)社會(huì)秩序的恒定追求是思想家們經(jīng)久不衰的話題。亞里士多德主義、斯多葛主義和羅馬法的理性精神都是古典文化的寶貴遺產(chǎn)。從十四世紀(jì)開始，古典文化的傳承刺激或推動(dòng)了歐洲的社會(huì)變革，市民社會(huì)和早期近代國(guó)家得以孕育、發(fā)展而社會(huì)革新又進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了古典精粹的傳播與繼受，進(jìn)而促使中世紀(jì)經(jīng)院神學(xué)主義自然法向近代世俗的、理性主義的自然法擅變。人文主義政治思想家適應(yīng)時(shí)代的需求繼承、發(fā)展了傳統(tǒng)的自然法學(xué)說，經(jīng)過艱巨的理論探索形成了各種富有特色的自然法思想體系，為近代國(guó)家的合法性做了多維、深刻的理論論證在新的生產(chǎn)和生活方式的推動(dòng)下，強(qiáng)固的基督教會(huì)開始發(fā)生分裂，并逐漸蛻變?yōu)榧兙竦膶?shí)體，歐洲出現(xiàn)一系列獨(dú)立、自治的民族國(guó)家。但封建勢(shì)力的退卻絕非一廂情愿，新興市民階級(jí)為了獲取更為有利的生存和發(fā)展空間，毅然舉起合法性的理論旗幟。他們一方面積極論證國(guó)家起源和國(guó)家權(quán)力的合法性，并給予成長(zhǎng)中的王權(quán)以理論支持另一方面，為防止專制王權(quán)對(duì)市民權(quán)利的侵奪，又對(duì)國(guó)家權(quán)力的合理性配置進(jìn)行必要的理論建構(gòu)。主權(quán)是近代國(guó)家的核心要素和重要特征。主權(quán)的歸屬?zèng)Q定著近代國(guó)家權(quán)力運(yùn)作的不同形式。其間，自然法思想發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵性的調(diào)配和建構(gòu)作用。就本文而言，自然法的最后一項(xiàng)功能就是它論證了近代國(guó)家在國(guó)際法意義上的合法性。關(guān)鍵詞1417世紀(jì)自然法近代國(guó)家1417世紀(jì)歐洲自然法思想研究以近代國(guó)家理論為視角GETMOREADVANTAGEOUSLIFEANDDEVELOPMENTALSPACETHENEWCITIZENRANKSTOOKUPONTHEMSELVESTORAISETHETHEORETICALBANNEROFLEGITIMACYONTHEONEHANDTHEYDEMONSTRATEDZEALOUSLYTHELEGITIMACYOFTHEORIGINANDPOWERSOFTHESTATEANDGAVESUPPORTTOTHEGROWINGKINGSHIPINTHEORYONTHEOTHERHANDINORDERTOPREVENTTHEAUTARCHICALMAJESTYFROMTRESPASSINGONTHECITIZENSHIPITMUSTCONSTRUCTEDRATIONALITYSTATEPOWERSYSTEMSOVEREIGNTYISTHECENTERELEMENTANDIMPORTANTCHARACTERTHEASCRIPTIONOFTHESOVEREIGNTYMANIPULATESTHEDIFFERENTFORMSOFTHEOPERATIONOFTHESTATEPOWERMEANWHILETHENATURALLAWTHEORYEXERTEDAPIVOTALFUNCTIONINREGULATIONANDCONSTRUCTIONASFARASTHISTEXTWASCONCEME氏THEFINALFUNCTIONOFTHENATURALLAWWASTODEMONSTRATETHEMODEMSTATESLEGITIMACYINTHEINTERNATIONALLAWKEYWORDTHE14TO17“CENTURYTHENATURALLAWTHEMODERNSTATE