簡介：復(fù)旦大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文國家援助的行政法規(guī)制源自歐洲聯(lián)盟法律秩序的經(jīng)驗與啟示姓名李風(fēng)華申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)行政法指導(dǎo)教師朱淑娣2002520ABSTRACTWITHINCREASINGPOLITICALANDECONOMICINTEGRATION，EUMPEALLUNION“EU，，11ASUNDOUBTEDLYBEENRECOGNIZEDAS“地坶INTEGRATEDINTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONINTHEWORLD，WHICHAIMSATTHEEUROPEANINTEGRATIONASAWHOLEEULEFRAMEWORKWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOVERTHEYEARSBOASTSUNIQUEANDSTRIKINGCHARACTERISTICS，WHICHHASDRAVMTHEACADEMICS’ATTENTIONGLOBALLYALSOPARTLYDUETOTHELONGSTANDINGHISTORYANDWELLDEVELOPEDECONOMYITISWORTHMENTIONINGTHATEUSEXPERIENCEANDLESSONSBYWAYOFRESOLVINGVARIOUSUNEXPECTEDPROBLEMSALEPARTICULARLYPREFERABLEBYOTHERCOUNTRIESANDREGIONSINCLUDINGA】INAEULEGALFRAMEWORKONTHEWHOLE，HASBEENMUCHDISCUSSEDWITHTHERESULTTHATTHEEUITSELFANDITSLEGALARRANGEMENTSHAVEBEENUNDERSTOODHOWEVERREADERSSTILLHAVELIMITEDACCESSTOSOMESPECIFICMEASURESWHICHENVISAGEDTHEDETAILEDREASONINGANDRATIONALESTATEAIDCONTROLISONEOFFREQUENTLYTRIGGEREDMEASURESUBJECTTOTHECOMMISSION’SREVIEWSTATEAJD，BYDEFINITION，ISAVARIETYOFPREFERENTIALACTSRANGINGFROMTAXREDUCTIONTOSUBSIDIESWHEREBYEACHMEMBERSTATEMAYPROMOTESPECIFICSECTORINDUSTRYORUNDERTAKINGWITHINTHEJURISDICTIONINTHECONTEXTOFEUINTEGRATION，THOSEMEASURESWILLCIRCUMVENTTHEEUSDEVELOPMENTBYTHREATENINGORDISTORTINGCOMPETITIONAMONGTHEEUENTERPRISES，THUSSTILESCMFMIZEDBYTHECOMMISSIONTHEAUTHORHASBEENTR燦GTOELABORATETHEORIGMOFSTATEAIDASWELLASTHESUBSTANCEANDPROCEDURES，INPARTICULARTHEPRINCIPLESANDPROCEDURALARRANGEMENTSINREGⅫDTO1FINA’SRESPONSETOTHESTATEAID，THEAUTHORPROVIDESABRIEFANALYSISFRAMEWORKANDTAKESTHEVIEWTHATITWILLBEBENEFICIALTO】LINAIFTHISMEASURECANBEINVOKEDTOELIMINATETHEREGIONALGAPBETWEENTHEEASTANDTHEWESTINCHINAWHHCHINA’SENTRYINTOWIO，CONTROLOFREGINNALAIDWILLBEOFMORESIGNIFICANCEWITHAVIEWTOEQUALLYDEVELOPINGECONOMYINCHINA

簡介：華東政法學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文歐洲法律一體化研究以制定歐洲民法典為中心姓名張斐申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)法律史指導(dǎo)教師何勤華李秀清20030415一歐洲各國民法的重要性歐洲民法典最主要的支持聲來源于對市場統(tǒng)一的要求法的安定性也是要求制定歐洲民法典的依據(jù)之一然而反對論者則以維護(hù)歐洲多元法律文化為由堅決反對制定歐洲民法典隨著時代的發(fā)展歐洲多元的法律文化正日益表現(xiàn)出相互融合的趨勢歐洲法律一體化是大勢所趨而歐洲民法典則是歐洲法律一體化進(jìn)程中革命性的一步法律體系的共同點(diǎn)是制定歐洲民法典的基石然而歐洲民法典的制定決非一日之功諸多技術(shù)性困難需要實踐中長期的努力才有攻克的可能歐洲民法典最終要經(jīng)歐盟立法機(jī)關(guān)制定并通過才能生效然而歐盟是否具有制定歐洲民法典的職權(quán)卻是一個值得商榷的問題從歐盟條約的規(guī)定看歐盟條約并沒有直接賦予歐盟任何機(jī)構(gòu)制定歐洲民法典的職權(quán)但歐盟具有在直接影響統(tǒng)一大市場的建立與功能的問題上可以以指令的方式統(tǒng)一各成員國法律的職權(quán)歐洲民法典直接關(guān)系到人們的切身利益因此歐盟目前對此問題表現(xiàn)得極為謹(jǐn)慎在制定歐洲民法典的活動中權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)僅在很小的領(lǐng)域以指令和判例的方式在一定程度上實現(xiàn)了歐洲法的統(tǒng)一而學(xué)術(shù)界則提出了各種各樣的建議這些都極大的推動了歐洲民法典的制定進(jìn)程歐洲法律一體化包括但不限于歐洲民法典的制定在其他領(lǐng)域歐洲法律一體化的趨勢也很明顯這表明歐洲法律一體化乃是歐洲法律多領(lǐng)域的一體化關(guān)鍵詞歐洲民法典法律一體化

簡介：山東大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文歐元與歐洲一體化姓名王珂申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)國際政治指導(dǎo)教師劉玉安20030410山東丈學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文操作平臺，完善歐盟的外交政策和共同安全與防務(wù)政策，進(jìn)而影響歐盟與美、俄、以及歐盟內(nèi)部之間的關(guān)系。四、歐元所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)單一貨幣政策能否和各國財政政策達(dá)成協(xié)調(diào)，以及歐元啟動后來自內(nèi)部和外部的阻礙歐洲一體化進(jìn)程加快的各種因素，都使得歐元的發(fā)展存在著多個變數(shù)，增加了不穩(wěn)定性。五、歐元的前景歐元近期內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)出“弱貨幣”的態(tài)勢，但是在將來，從全球貿(mào)易規(guī)模上來看，歐元將成為重要的貿(mào)易結(jié)算貨幣。從資本市場的廣度、深度來考慮，歐元將成為國際金融市場上一種重要的投資貨幣。隨著歐盟成員國開放程度的提高，歐元在世界貨幣中的地位也將會增強(qiáng)。關(guān)鍵詞歐元?dú)W盟歐洲一體化2

簡介：首都師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文馬歇爾計劃與早期歐洲一體化進(jìn)程姓名李莉申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)世界史指導(dǎo)教師韓莉20030501ABSTRACT“MARSHALLPLAN”。I，E“EUROPEANRECOVERYPROGRAM”，WASANECONOMICAIDANDEXPANDINGPLANBROUGHTFORWARDBYUSSECRETARYOFSTATE，GEORGECMARSHALLINHISHARVARDSPEECHONJUNE51947THEMARSHALLPLANCALNEINTOE最CTUNDERTHEBACKGROUNDOFTHECOLDWARTHROUGHWHICHAMERICASTABILIZEDCAPITALISTMLEOFWSTEMEUROPEANDCONTAINEDSOVIETUNIONANDINSUREDAMERICA’SHEGEMONYINTHEMARSHALLPLANAMERICAFORTHEFIRSTTIMEPUTFORWARDTHEIDEAOF“EUROPEANINTEGRATION’WHICHINDICATEDTHERIGHTPATHTOEUROPEANECONOMICRECOVERYANDDEVELOPMENTTHANK5TOTHEMARSHAILPLAN，THENATIONSINWESTEMEUROPEFOUNDEDASERIESOFECONOMICCOOPERATIVEORGANIZATIONS，SERING血EWESTERNEUROPEANECONOMYONTHERIGHTTRACKANDLAYINGASOUNDFOUNDATIONFOREUROPEANINTEGRATIONSINCETHISTHESISINTENDSTOANALYZETHEFORMATIONANDEVOLVEMENTOFAMERICANPOLICYONEUROPEINTEGRATIONDURINGTHEMARSHALLPLAN，ANDITISEXPECTEDTOHELPUNDERSTANDTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENAMERICAANDEUROPEINTHISPERIODITCONSISTSOFFOURPARTSASFOLLOWSTHEFIRSTPARTDETAILSTHEBACKGROUNDANDCAUSESOFTHEMARSHALLPLANANDDISCUSSESTHEFORMATIONANDEVOLVEMENTOFTHEIDEAOFEUROPEANINTEGRAFTONINTHEMARSHALLPLANTHESECOND曬RID‘均RCHANGEDTHEWORIDANDNOTCOOPERATIONBUTANEWROUNDCONTESTFOREUROPEBEGANBETWEENTHEUSANDSOVIETU耐ONTHEREAFTERFROM1945TO1947AMERICAOFFEREDASERIESOFAIDUNDERTHEGUIDANCEOF‘‘BALANCEDRESTORATION’’POLICYWHICHTURNEDTOBEUNSUCCESSFULCOMPAREDWITHTHEPREVIOUSPROGRAMSOFAIDTHEMARSHALLPLANCANLEWITHSOMENEWCHARACTERISTICSASTHEFIRSTOFITSKIND，ITPUTFORWARDTHEIDEAOFEUROPEANINTEGRATIONFORMALLYTHEPOLICYONBOOSTINGEUROPEANINTEGRATIONWASNOTCONTRARYTOAMERICANGLOBALSTRATEGIESANDINTERESTSTHETHESISFURTHERSTHECAUSEOFAMERICANSUPPOSINGEUROPEANINTEGRATIONPARTIIANALYZESTHEREACTIONOFEUROPEANCOUNTRIESTOTHEMARSHALLPLANASWELLASTHEIDEAOFEUROPEANINTEGRAFIONWESTERNEUROPEANCOUNTRIESWELCOMEDMARSHAILPLANANDINJULY1947THEYFOUNDEDCEECTOCOOPERATEWITHTHEMARSHALLPLANDURINGTHEWHOLECOURSEOFAID，AMERICACONSTANTLYADVOCATEDTHEIDEAOFEUROPEANINTEGRATION，BUTMETMANYTROUBLESINPRACTICEOEECCOUNTRIESSEEMINGLYACCEPTEDTHEIDEABUTINFACTTLEYWEREINTERESTEDINTHEAIDFROMAMERICAOEECSTILLREMAINEDANINTERGOVERNMENTALORGANIZATIONTHOU吐WESTEMEUROPECOUNTRIESCOOPERATEDINALOOSEMANNERITSURELYCREATEDACOOPERATIVEATMOSPHERETOSOMEEXTER止0EECLAIDAFOUNDATIONFORTHEREALSTALLOFEUROPEANINTEGRATIONPARTIIIEXPOUNDSUPONTHESHNMANPLANANDTHEFOUNDATIONOFECSC，THESIGNALOFTHEOFFICIALLAUNCHOFEUROPEANINTEGRATION、聃TLLTHESUPPORTOFAMERICAFRANCEPUTFORWARDTHESHUMANPLAN，WHICHTEMPORIZEDTHETRENDOFWESTERNECONOMICINTEGRATIONANDCATEREDTOAMERICANDESIREFORECONOMICINTEGRATIONANDRECOVERYOFGERMANYTHEFOUNDINGOFECSCINAUGUST1952MEANTTHATTHEUNIONOFWESTEUROPEWASGOINGONTHE

簡介：山東大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文俄羅斯“融入歐洲”一種建構(gòu)主義的分析視角姓名葛麗申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)國際政治指導(dǎo)教師臧秀玲20070401山東人學(xué)碩I學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTTHECATACLYSMOFEASTERNEUROPEANDTHECOLLAPSEOFTHESOVIETUNIONFROMTHEENDOF1980STOTHEBEGINNINGOF1990SPUTALLENDTOTHESTABLEBIPOLARPATTERNDURINGTHECOLDWAR．THEMAJORWORLDPOWERSBEGANTOREADJUSTTHESTRATEGYWHEREUPON．INORDERTOREVITALIZETHEECONOMYANDTOREGAINTHEPOSITIONOFABIGCOUNTRY,THENEWRUSSIABEGANTODETERMINETHEFOREIGNPOLICYOFFITTINGINTOEUROPE，ANDTOOVERALLIMPROVETHERELATIONSHIPWITHWESTEMCOUNTRIES．MAINLYTHECOUNTRIESINEUROPE．WITHTHEGRADUALDEEPENINGOFINTEGRATION,THEINDEPENDENCEOFTHEEUROPEANUNIONTOAMERICABECAMESTRONGERANDSTRONGER，BUTITHASNOTMUCHPOWERTOCOMPETEAGAINSTAMERICAONHISOWN．SOTHEEUROPEANUNIONHASTOGETTHEHELPFROMRUSSIA．THUSTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENRUSSIAANDTHEEUWASORIENTEDONCEAGAIN，ANDTHEIRAREASOFCOOPERATIONBEGANTOEXPAND．CONSTRUCTIVISMISANIMPORTANTBRANCHOFWESTERNINTERNATIONALRELATIONSHIPTHEORIES，WHICHLOSEIN1990S．ITMAINTAINEDTHEOPINIONTHATTHEWORLDPOLITICSSHOULDBETREATEDASTHEVIEWPOINTOFSOCIOLOGY，THATORGANIZATIONALRULESANDRECOGNITIONSHOULDPLAYIMPORTANTROLESINTHEPROCESSOFCOUNTRYACTIONSANDINTERESTS．ANDTHATTHEBEHAVIORCORPUSESANDTHESYSTEMSTRUCTUREWEREINTERDEPENDENT．THEWORLDPOLITICSEXISTTHROUGHSOCIALCONSTRUCTION，ANDTHISCONSTRUCTIONWASBASEDONTHEAPPROVALTOEACHOTHER’SINTERESTS．THISARTICLE，CONSIDERINGCONSTRUCTIVISMASTHEBASICANALYSISTOOLS．TAKINGRUSSIADETERMININGTHEFOREIGNPOLICYOFENTRYINTOEUROPEASABREAKTHROUGHPOINT．ELABORATESTHELARGECHANGESBETWEENRUSSIAANDEUROPEINRECENTYEARS；ITANALYZESTHEPROCESSANDREASONOFTHEDETERMINATIONOFTHEFOREIGNPOLICYFROMTHEVIEWOFCONSTRUCTIVISM．THENANALYZESTHEFACTORSWHICHAFFECTFURTHERDEVELOPMENTOFTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENRUSSIAANDEUROPE，ANDINTHELASTPREDICTSTHEPROSPECTSOFRUSSIA‘SENTRYINTOEUROPE．THEREWASARGUMENTABOUTRUSSIA’SSTRATEGICLOCALIZATIONAFTERTHECOLDWARWITHINRUSSIA,ANDFORMEDATLANTICPRINCIPLEEUROPEPRINCIPLE，MODEMEUROPEANDASIAPRINCIPLEANDNEWSLAVPRINCIPLETHREESCHOOLS．RUSSIAINORDERTOPROMOTETHEECONOMYASSOONASPOSSIBLE．HASCHOSENTHEDIPLOMATICSTRATEGYOF“ENTRYINTOEUROPE”．AFTER2

簡介：77137S槿旦大擎學(xué)校代碼10246學(xué)號012014015_≈’碩士學(xué)位論文熊蟲幡’“美蝴一．齲街學(xué)術(shù)史考察院系所專業(yè)姓名歷史學(xué)系中國古代史張攀指導(dǎo)教師韓舁教授完成日期2004年11月25日登藏辮棗J習(xí)金定公布，’ABSTRACTTHETHEORYOF‘THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’ISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTEXPLANATIONSYSTEMABOUTTHEPOLITICALSITUATIONINTHESUIANDTANGDYNASTIES．IMPERFECTOFTHEORYSYSTEMONESELFANDTHECRITICISMFORMOBJECTORBASEDONTHESTUAYABOUTHISTORYMATERIALBOTHIMPROVEDTHATTHISTHEORYISASYSTEMABOUTSTANDPOINT．NEPAPERBASEDONTHISPOINT，TRYTOUNDERSTANDTHISIMPORTANTCHARACTEROFCHENYINQUE’S“THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’’ANDTALKABOUTOTHERHISTORIAN’SACHIEVEMENT．ANDTRYTOIMPROVETHEPOINTTHATCHENYINQUE’S“THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’ISSERVEDFORANIMPORTANTTHEORYINCHINESEMEDIEVALHISTORY．WHICHMEANSTHATTHETANGDYNASTYISTHETURNINGPOINTINTHEPERIODFROMTHESOUTHANDNORTHDYNASTYTOTHESONGDYNASTY．KEYWORDCHERTYMQUE；THETHEORYOF‘THEGUANLONGCLIQUE’；THETURNINGPOINTINTHEPERIODFROMTHESOUTHANDNORTHDYNASTYTOTHESONGDYNASTY3

簡介：蘇州科技學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文在歐洲塑造中國形象以陳季同為例姓名周文淵申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)世界史指導(dǎo)教師朱小田20080501ABSTRACTTHEIMAGEOFCHINAINEUROPEANEYEISPOSITIVEMAINLYBEFORE19THCENTURY．BUTFROMTHEBEGINNINGOF19THCENTURYTOTHEFORMEROF20THCENTURY，ORIENTALCULTURALNOLONGERHAVINGHADATTRACTIONTOTHEWEST．ACCOMPLISHESSOCIALREVOLUTIONANDINDUSTRIALREVOLUTIONHADFINISHEDCONSECUTIVELY．THEIMAGEOFCHINAINEUROPHADALSODROPPEDEXCESSIVELYBECAUSETHISPERIODOFTIMESIGNIFICANTCHANGEHAPPENED．FROMINITIALFINENESS，IDEALISMBECAMEUNDERDEVELOPEDANDIGNORANT．ANDFROMTHEPASTEULOGYORPRAISEBECAMECRITICISMORDISDAINEDTOCHINA．INEUROPE．TCHENGKITONG，ASADIPLOMATOFTHELATECH’INGDYNASTY,LONGTIMELIFEANDWORKINEUROP，MAKEHIMHAVEESPECIALINTENSEFEELINGTOTHEINSULTINGANDCONTEMPTSTOCHINAFROMEUROPE．INORDERTOABOLISHANDCORRECTEUROPEANPREJUDICEANDMISUNDERSTANDINGAGINSTCHINA，ALLCULTUREEXERCISEDOFTCHENG．KI．TONGISCONCENTRATEALLEFFORTSONTHECULTUREINTRODUCINGANDPROPAGATINGCHINESETRADITIONTOFRANCEANDEUROPEPUBLICTOMOLDANEWIMAGEOFCHINAINEUROPE，ANDTRIEDTOCONSTRUCTAIDEALCHINA，WHICHHAVECHARMSANDCONSUMMATETOOCCIDENTAL．HISTHESEEFFORTSHADGOAENHIGHLYEFFECTIVEACHIEVEMENTS，PEOPLECOULDOFTENSEEHISWORDSHADBEENQUOTED，RELAYEDTOINTRODUCEANDCOMMENTINFRENCHWRITERANDSCHOLAR’SWORKS．TCHENGKITONGMOLDEDANEWIMAGEOFCHINAMAINFROMTHREEASPECTINTRODUCTIONFIRSTLY，EXTREMEDIFFERENTHAPPINESSCONCEPTIONBETWEENCHINESEANDEUROPEAN，CONCLUDEHAPPINESSINTHELIFEOFCHINESEWOMENANDCHINESEFAMILIY，ANDHAPPINESSTHATCHINESETRADITIONALFILIALDUTYCONTAINS；SECONDLY，THEORGANIZESYSTEMOFCHINAWHICHMAKEEUROPEANASTONISHED，ITCONCLUDETHEGOVERNMENTWHICHORGANIZESYSTEMLIKEABIGFAMILY，ANDPOLITICSFUNCTIONOFFAMILYANDPARTLYENCLOSEDSOCIETYSYSTEMWITHLAYERSINCHINA；THIRDLY，CULTURECONCEPTIONOFCHINESEWHICHMAKEEUROPEANINCONCEIVABLE，ITCONCLUDETHERELIGIONCULTUREWHICHACTASAMORALITYSTRENGTHINCHINAANDCOMMERCIALCULTUREWHICHHAVEOWNCHARACTERISTICSANDLIVEHAPPYLYLIKEASAGEWHICHCHINESERUNAFTER．THEPURPOSEOFTHISPAPERISTRYTOREVEALTHEREASONOFTCHENG．KITONGMAKESGREATEFFORTSTOPLEADFORCHINA，ANDHOWHEREFUTESPECIFICALLYAIMEDATOCCIDENTAL’SMISUNDERSTANDINGANDPREJUDICETOCHINAANDMOLDANEWIMAGEOFCHINAINEUROPE，ANDWHATEFFECTHAVEPRODUCEDFROMHISACTSONBASISOFDIFFERENT

簡介：98070I索取號監(jiān)絲盥』地一癌級壘』L廓京師鬼火掌碩士學(xué)位淪文匿歐盟與成員國以歐洲憲法條約草案為中心的考察作者封菩院系法學(xué)院●一指導(dǎo)教師季金華學(xué)科專業(yè)憲法與行政法專業(yè)ABSTRACTTHECONSTITUTIONISTHECONSTITUTIONALGOVERNMENTANDTHENATIONALGOVERNMENTBYLAWCONSTRUCTIONFOUNDATIONTHECONSTITUTIONBYCONFMNEDANDTHESAFEGUARDHUMANRIGHTSAREACOREDIVIDESPOWERKEEPSINBALANCEANDESTABLISHESTHELIMITEDGOVERNMENTSAFEGUARDSTHEHUMANRIGHTSCONSTITUTIONALGOVERNMENTMETHODEUROPEANUNIONISINTHEEVOLUTIONFEDERALSYSTEMCOUNTRYITHASTHECONSTITUTIONCONSTRUCTIONABILITY”THEEUROPEANCONSTITUTIONTREATYDRAFT”HEREAFTERREFERSTOAS”CONSTITUTIONTREATY”ISTHEEUROPEANUNIONFIRSTCONSTITUTIONDOCUMENTITSAPPEARANCEHASTHEVITALSIGNIFICANCETHECONSTITUTIONHASPROVIDEDTHELEGALPREMISEFORTHEEUROPEANUNIONCONSTITUTIONALGOVERNMENTSYSTEMESTABLISHMENTTHEAUTHORITYLEGALWASTHEAUTHORITYEFFECTIVELYEXERCISESWITHCARRIESONTHEACTIVECONTROLTOTHEAUTHORITYTHEPREMISETHECONSTITUTIONHASESTABLISHEDEUROPEANUNIONWITHBETWEENVARIOUSMEMBERNATIONS，THEEUROPEANUNIONVARIOUSORGANIZATIONSPOWERSCOPE，HASMADETHEEXPLICITSTIPULATIONTOTHEIRJURISDICTIONTHEAUTHORITYESTABLISHEDSEPARATELYFORTHEEUROPEANUNIONFRAMEINHASLAIDTHEFOUNDATIONATTHESAMETIME，SAFEGUARDEDTHEEUROPERIGHTSOFCITIZEASFORTHEGUARANTEEREALIZATIONTHEGOAL，THECONSTITUTIONHADSTIPULATEDEUROPEANUNIONANDTHEMEMBERNATIONAUTHORITYRESTRICTEDMUTUALLYTHEMECHANISMBYLIMITEDTHEAUTHORITYABUSINGTHECONSTITUTIONHASCARRIEDONTHERESOLUTEREFORMTOTHEEUROPEANUNIONORGANIZATIONSTRENGTHENEDEUROPEANPARLIAMENTSINEUROPEANUNIONORGANIZATIONSYSTEMSTATUSANDTHEFUNCTIONTHECONSTITUTIONCARDEDONTOEUROPEANUNIONANDTHEMEMBERNATIONRELATIONSHASCOMBEDESTABLISHMENTPROCESSINGTWELATIONSBASICPRINCIPLEITSCONCRETESYSTEMARRANGEMENTMANIFESTSDIVIDESPOWERKEEPSINBALANCEWITHTHELIMITEDGOVERNMENTTHOUGHT，PROCESSESTHECENTRALCOMMITTEEANDTHEPLACERELATIONSTOOURCOUNTRYHASTHEIMPORTANTENLIGHTENMENTKEYWORDS”CONSTITUTIONTREATY”EUROPEANUNION；MEMBERSTATES；SUGGESTION

簡介：華東政法學(xué)院博士學(xué)位論文法社會學(xué)在中國一個學(xué)說史的反思姓名湯唯申請學(xué)位級別博士專業(yè)法史學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師何勤華20050415第一部分原汁主義西方法社會學(xué)的歷史源流與思想特征。這一部分是論文的基礎(chǔ)或基于，主要包括兩大論題。一是揭示了西方法社會學(xué)的形成發(fā)展過程，將西方法社會學(xué)分為孕育、初創(chuàng)、發(fā)展、成熟四個時期，其中介紹了法社會學(xué)主要代表人物耶林、契克、狄驥、杜爾凱姆、埃利希、韋伯、龐德、霍姆斯等人的觀點(diǎn)和貢獻(xiàn)。二是概述西方法社會學(xué)的基本原理，包括法社會學(xué)的法概念、法關(guān)系、I杰功能、法價值以及法學(xué)研究方法論。第二部分西學(xué)東進(jìn)法社會學(xué)在中國的傳播影響與演化歷程。這一部分是法社會學(xué)在中國發(fā)展的縱向歷史輪廓。本文將法社會學(xué)在中國的傳播劃分為三大時期。一是奠基時期，主要是民國時代，當(dāng)時的法學(xué)家掀起了第一次研究法社會學(xué)的熱潮；二是中斷時期，主要是20世紀(jì)50．80年代，是西方法社會學(xué)被批判、馬克思主義法社會學(xué)占據(jù)意識形態(tài)主導(dǎo)地位的時段；三是發(fā)展時期，主要是20世紀(jì)80年代以來，法社會學(xué)研究在中國東山再起、形成熱勢。第三部分中國問題法社會學(xué)的特色論題與特色原理。這一部分是本文的核心、重點(diǎn)、獨(dú)特部分。總結(jié)了中國目前所涉及的法社會學(xué)主要研究領(lǐng)域，包括法哲學(xué)的五大理論命題，即中國的法哲學(xué)基本范疇問題；中國的民間法與習(xí)慣法問題；中國的法律文化及法治建構(gòu)問題{中國的市民社會與政治國家問題；中國的法律運(yùn)行與部門法問題。應(yīng)該說，本文所承擔(dān)的主要使命，就是從法社會學(xué)的基本原理出發(fā)，論辨這些“中國特色”的法學(xué)熱點(diǎn)、焦點(diǎn)論題。第四部分說長論短對中國法社會學(xué)原理的基本定位與基本評價。這一部分是本文的結(jié)論部分或評價部分，也是難度最大的章節(jié)。本文以“路是寬的”、“道是窄的”、“渴望創(chuàng)新”為題，從優(yōu)勢、缺陷、趨向三大方面分析了法社會學(xué)原理的利弊與前景，并對中國法學(xué)流派的成長寄予了期望，提出了創(chuàng)建中國法學(xué)流派主客觀條件的指標(biāo)體系。雖然，這類探索不過是“微人輕言”，但對于中國法學(xué)研究與法學(xué)流派的養(yǎng)成具有一定的啟示意義和參閱價值?？傮w而言，在社會實踐和法學(xué)興盛的時代潮流推動下。法社會學(xué)在中國成長起來，堪稱南京國民政府時期與當(dāng)代中國法學(xué)界的～股強(qiáng)大思潮。這種思潮，以“活法”、“民間法”、“自發(fā)秩序”、“社會規(guī)則”、“社會控制”、“法律操作”、“法律實效”等觀念為核心，影響著現(xiàn)代法哲學(xué)、法史學(xué)研究，成為觀察中國法學(xué)發(fā)展脈絡(luò)的一條路徑。本文的主旨，正在于從法社會學(xué)流派的洞察之中，架起一座西方法學(xué)通向中國法學(xué)、傳統(tǒng)法學(xué)通向現(xiàn)代法學(xué)、理論法學(xué)通向社會實踐的橋梁。2

簡介：ATHESISSUBMITTEDTOZHENGZHOUUNIVERSITYFORTHEDEGREEOFMASTERTHERESEARCHONTECHNIEALANDTA以CALFEATUREOFCURRENTEUROPEANMAN’SBASKETHALLTEAMBYYINGJUNTAO．SUPERVISORPROF．JIANSHECHAI．PHYSICALEDUCATIONANDTRAININGINSTITUTEOFPHYSICALEDUCATIONMAY，2011原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明所呈交的學(xué)位論文，是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下，獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究所取得的成果。除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文不包含任何其他個人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的科研成果。對本論文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式表明。本聲明的法律責(zé)任由本人承擔(dān)。學(xué)位論文憾淚滸腓∥年多∥日學(xué)位論文使用授權(quán)聲明本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下完成的論文及相關(guān)的職務(wù)作品，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)歸屬鄭州大學(xué)。根據(jù)鄭州大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，同意學(xué)校保留或向國家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版，允許論文被查閱和借閱本人授權(quán)鄭州大學(xué)可以將本學(xué)位論文的全都或部分編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或者其他復(fù)制手段保存論文和匯編本學(xué)位論文。本人離校后發(fā)表、使用學(xué)位論文或與該學(xué)位論文直接相關(guān)的學(xué)術(shù)論文或成果時，第一署名單位依然為鄭州大學(xué)。保密論文在解密后應(yīng)遵守此規(guī)定．學(xué)位論文作者掬磁日期弘，／年‘月／么日

簡介：Y97主毒07分類號UDC密綴編號函盎盞疊KB函，1RIJM潸NOR碑觚期|LLVE翱爨職，碩士研究生學(xué)往玲J文奠，一／V，、論文題目16世紀(jì)中N日關(guān)系史述論學(xué)院壓寶寶趟壁堂睦≤耋≮一籬耋≥。專業(yè)名稱史國宣鐾室。毒≮≥；≥謄二蘭噼壽氰J虻T霉囊荽；；≥善研究生姓每毒疊獒姜霎警警毒辮瞧嘲霉垂Q安T，毫順尊蜒目睜蛺鬻鹺疊凈O“，銣日鱸臻，5月L目I’一一ABSTRACTINRELATIONHISTORYBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANTHEMINGDYNASTYWASANIMPORTANTPERIODDURINGSUCHPERIODTHEPROTEANRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANMAKEDEEPDIFFERENCEONTHEHISTORYPROGRESSBETWEENCHINAANDJAPAN，EVENUPONTHATOFEASTASIAANDTOTALWORLD’SSITUATIONBASEDONPRECEDENTINTERRELATEDRESEARCHES，THEHISTORYRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANIN16THCENTURYHASBEENCONCENTRATEDFORSOMELUCUBRATIONINTHISPAPERHOPINGTOOPENOUTSOMEBASICCHARACTERISTICSABOUTSUCHSPECIALRELATIONHISTORYPERIODANDTOSUMMARIZEITSEXPERIENCEANDSOMEHISTORYRULESWHICHHADEFFECTEDTHEPROGRESSOFHISTORYRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANTHEPAPER’SMAINCONTENTSFOLLOWASINTHEFIRSTPARTTHERELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANDURINGHONGWUPERIODANDTHEDIPLOMATICPOLICYESTABLISHMENTOFBEFRIENDINGNEIGHBORCOUNTRYOFJAPANBYZHUYUANZHANGHAVEBEENDISCUSSED，ANDTHEBASICPATTERNFORMINGOFFOREIGNPOLICYBELONGEDTOTHEMINGDYNASTYHASALSOBEENANALYZEDINTHESECONDPARTTHEPAYTRIBUTETRADEBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANIN16THCENTURYHASBEENDISCUSSEDFORTHECAUSESONWHYTHEPAYTRIBUTETRADEBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANINMINGDYNASTYHADBEENENDEDUPSUCHASNATIONALPOWERDECAYINGANDCONFUSIONOFPAYTRIBUTETRADEITSELFTHETHIRDPARTHASTREATEDQUESTIONSABOUTOLDJAPANESEBANDITS，ANDANALYZEDREASONSFOROLDJAPANESEBANDITS’FLOODINGANDITSEFFECTSUPONTHEHISTORYRELATIONBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANINMINGDYNASTYINTHEFOURTHPARTTHEPROBLEMSOFFIGHTINGBANDITSANDAIDINGKOREAWARDURINGWANLIPERIODHAVEBEENFOCUSEDON，REACHINGTOITSCAUSESANDEFFECTS，ANDTHEPROBLEMSTHATMINGDYNASTYSHOWEDITSELFDURINGTHEWARTHENONGOVERNMENTALTRADEBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANIN16THCENTURYHASBEENSTUDIED，WHICHINVOLVEDTHEINHERENTDRIVESANDTHEHUGEEFFECTSUPONECONOMYANDCULTUREPROGRESSBETWEENCHINAANDJAPANTHEN

簡介：在職攻讀法律碩士學(xué)位論文在職攻讀法律碩士學(xué)位論文試論中國古代廉政制度及其史鑒價值試論中國古代廉政制度及其史鑒價值導(dǎo)師曾代偉師曾代偉教授教授作者聶美焱者聶美焱中國重慶中國重慶二○○七年九月二○○七年九月產(chǎn)收入申報法，反貪污賄賂法，廉政法，公民舉報法以及其它法規(guī)；三是堅持“舉賢任能、德才兼?zhèn)洹钡挠萌酥贫?，德才兼?zhèn)涫侨稳宋ㄙt的具體化，體現(xiàn)了任人唯賢的基本要求；四是建立科學(xué)的干部考核評價體系，抓緊建立符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀要求的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展綜合評價體系和干部政績考核標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；五是加大對腐敗案件的查處力度，依法嚴(yán)懲腐敗官員，努力遏制腐敗蔓延的勢頭。關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞廉政內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗啟示

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簡介：摘要摘要冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束改變了歐洲的安全結(jié)構(gòu)。蘇聯(lián)解體、兩德統(tǒng)一、東歐劇變標(biāo)志著兩極格局的瓦解，也標(biāo)志著歐洲兩大陣營長達(dá)半個世紀(jì)軍事對峙的結(jié)束。然而冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束并不意味著歐洲安全問題的解決。與此相反，歐洲出現(xiàn)了更為多樣化的安全問題。當(dāng)前，歐洲面臨的是一些更分散、更無形和不可預(yù)測的安全威脅，這給歐洲安全研究提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)。冷戰(zhàn)后安全概念的縱向延伸全球、地區(qū)、國家、社會、個人等不同層次和安全議程的橫向擴(kuò)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、政治、社會、環(huán)境等不同領(lǐng)域需要一個多層次和寬泛的分析框架。安全治理是治理理論或治理的方法在安全領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，它彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)國際關(guān)系安全研究中的不足之處，超越了“國家中心主義”視角，‘是一種理論創(chuàng)新。本文從分析歐洲一體化與安全的關(guān)系出發(fā)，探討了歐洲一體化進(jìn)程中歐洲安全概念的演變過程。然后，在全面了解當(dāng)前安全治理研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，闡述這一研究框架的理論和現(xiàn)實背景以及安全治理的主要特征。本文重點(diǎn)研究歐洲的安全治理結(jié)構(gòu)，分析歐洲安全由統(tǒng)治到治理的轉(zhuǎn)變。最后，分析歐洲的主要區(qū)域性組織歐盟、北約、歐洲安全與合作組織等的安全治理功能以及它們與安全威脅的相關(guān)性，從而初步得出結(jié)論歐洲安全治理呈現(xiàn)出多種行為體參與、區(qū)域性組織主導(dǎo)的模式，歐洲安全的有效治理有賴于歐洲主要區(qū)域性組織的進(jìn)一步合作與協(xié)調(diào)。關(guān)鍵詞后冷戰(zhàn)時期歐洲一體化安全治理區(qū)域性組織南開大學(xué)學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本人完全了解南開大學(xué)關(guān)于收集、保存、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，同意如下各項內(nèi)容按照學(xué)校要求提交學(xué)位論文的印刷本和電子版本學(xué)校有權(quán)保存學(xué)位論文的印刷本和電子版，并采用影印、縮印、掃描、數(shù)字化或其它手段保存論文學(xué)校有權(quán)提供目錄檢索以及提供本學(xué)位論文全文或者部分的閱覽服務(wù)學(xué)校有權(quán)按有關(guān)規(guī)定向國家有關(guān)部門或者機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版在不以贏利為目的的前提下，學(xué)校可以適當(dāng)復(fù)制論文的部分或全部內(nèi)容用于學(xué)術(shù)活動。學(xué)位論文作者簽名瓜樂“07年全月習(xí)日經(jīng)指導(dǎo)教師同意，本學(xué)位論文屬于保密，在本授權(quán)書。年解密后適用指導(dǎo)教師簽名學(xué)位論文作者簽名沁，F(xiàn)解密時間年月日各密級的最長保密年限及書寫格式規(guī)定如下

簡介：學(xué)校代碼三避Q分類號旦墨研究生學(xué)號壘2鯉2Q堅2魚211密級玉⑧東牡埽葒埔碩士學(xué)位論文歐洲聯(lián)盟法和國家生輞關(guān)系的調(diào)整TUNINGEUROPEANUNIONLAWTONATIONALSOVEREIGNTY指導(dǎo)教師學(xué)科專QP研究方向?qū)W位類型作者隋欣劉彤教授國際政治國際政治理論學(xué)歷碩士東北師范大學(xué)學(xué)位評定委員會2007年5月ABSTRACTTHEPROCESSOFTHEEUROPEANINTEGRATIONIS鰣百N鋤EDBYTLIEINITIATIVEOFTHEEUROPEANANDAMERICANPOLITICALFIGURESINTHELALE1940S’TOTHEEARLY1950S’,AMISCONSTNLCTEDORGARIZATIONINTHEMID1960S．ITSSAIDTHATITISTHEFIRSTTHEINTEGRATIONOFTHEVOLUNTARYANDCOORDINATIVEMEDTANISMSBETWEENTHED城渤TCOUNTRIESINTHE／L／STORY311EJDEDO季CALOFTHEEUROPEANINTEGRATION,THEHISTORICALPROCESSOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITY,FROMTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITYTOTHEEUROPEANUNIONPROCESS,WHICHCONSTITUTETOGETHERTHEFORMATIONANDTHEDEVELOPMENTPROG疑3S．CURRENTLY,THEEUROPEANUNIONISTHEREGIONALINTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONWHICHISTHEHIGHESTLEVELOFTHEECONOMICINTEGRATIONANDWHICHISGOING鈿MAKEEFFORTSTOACHIEVETHEGOALOFTHEPOLITICALINTEGRATIONANDREUNIFICATION，ANDITPLAYSALLIMPORTANTROLEINTHEINTERNATIONALPOLITICALANDECONOMICRELATION．DURINGTHEHALFOFTHEPEFIODOFTHEGRADUALINTEGRATIONPROCESSORGRADUALLYFORMEDTHEEUROPEANUNION．LAW,ANDITINTEGRATEDTHELEGALCULTUREANDTRADITIONS，ANDTHECHOICESOFTHEPOLITICALAPOCTSANDSOCIALVALUES,ANDTHEHISTORICALMISSIONOFREALIZATIONOFUNITINGEUROPEAN．EAROPEANUNIONNOTONLYRESEMBLESTHENATIONALSOVEREIGNTYINTHEINTERNALORGANIZATION,BUTALSOPRACTICALLYEXERICISESTHERIGHTSPASTBELONGSTOTHESOVERIEGNNATIONSINMANYA嗍．FROMTARIFFS，TRADETOTHEWHOLEBUSINESSPOLICY；FROMEMPLOYMENT,THEIMMIGRANTMOVEMENTTOSOCIALWELFAREPOLICY；FROMTHECOMPETITIONOFTHETRANSPORTATION,AGRICULTURE，F(xiàn)ISHINGTOTHEENVIRONMENTANDTECHNOLOGYWLIEY,FROMTHEJUDICIALASSISTANCETOTHEHOUSECOOPERATIONPOLICIES；FROMTHEPOLITICALCOOPERATIONTOTHECOMMONFOREIGNANDSECURITYPOLICY，INSHORT,FROMTHEIMERNALAFFAIRSTOTHEDIPLOMACY,THEEITSLEGISLATIVEANDEXECUTIVEANDJUDICIALPOWER,EITHEREXCLUSIVEORMIXEDARRANGEMENTS研TLLMEMBERCOUNTRIES．BECAUSETHETRANSFERRENCEOFSOVERIENTYNGHTISPERMENANT，ANDISSETDOWNINTHELEGALFORMOFTHEINTEMTIONALTREATIES,THEEUROPEANUNION’SAUTHORITYWITHINTHEJURISDICTIONISTHE文哪THENATNREOFSTABILITY勰EXERCISEDBYTHENATIONALSOVERIEGNTY．ITHASBEENMORETHANFOURCENTURIESSINCETHECONCEPTOFSOVEREIGNTYWASDEFINED．INTHECOURSEOFPRACTICE，THETHEORYOFNATIONALSOVEREIGNTYASAHISTORICALCALEGORYHASALSOBECAMEMOREABUNDANTANDDEVELOPECTBAUDIN，GROTIUS，LOCKE，ROUSSEAU,HEGELANDOTHERSMADEA盯