簡介：英文原文COMBINEDADAPTIVEFILTERWITHLMSBASEDALGORITHMSABSTRACTACOMBINEDADAPTIVEFILTERISPROPOSEDITCONSISTSOFPARALLELLMSBASEDADAPTIVEFIRFILTERSANDANALGORITHMFORCHOOSINGTHEBETTERAMONGTHEMASACRITERIONFORCOMPARISONOFTHECONSIDEREDALGORITHMSINTHEPROPOSEDFILTER,WETAKETHERATIOBETWEENBIASANDVARIANCEOFTHEWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTSSIMULATIONSRESULTSCONFIRMTHEADVANTAGESOFTHEPROPOSEDADAPTIVEFILTERKEYWORDSADAPTIVEFILTER,LMSALGORITHM,COMBINEDALGORITHM,BIASANDVARIANCETRADEOFF1．INTRODUCTIONADAPTIVEFILTERSHAVEBEENAPPLIEDINSIGNALPROCESSINGANDCONTROL,ASWELLASINMANYPRACTICALPROBLEMS,1,2PERFORMANCEOFANADAPTIVEFILTERDEPENDSMAINLYONTHEALGORITHMUSEDFORUPDATINGTHEFILTERWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTSTHEMOSTCOMMONLYUSEDADAPTIVESYSTEMSARETHOSEBASEDONTHELEASTMEANSQUARELMSADAPTIVEALGORITHMANDITSMODIFICATIONSLMSBASEDALGORITHMSTHELMSISSIMPLEFORIMPLEMENTATIONANDROBUSTINANUMBEROFAPPLICATIONS1–3HOWEVER,SINCEITDOESNOTALWAYSCONVERGEINANACCEPTABLEMANNER,THEREHAVEBEENMANYATTEMPTSTOIMPROVEITSPERFORMANCEBYTHEAPPROPRIATEMODIFICATIONSSIGNALGORITHMSA8,GEOMETRICMEANLMSGLMS5,VARIABLESTEPSIZELMSVSLMS6,7EACHOFTHELMSBASEDALGORITHMSHASATLEASTONEPARAMETERTHATSHOULDBEDEFINEDPRIORTOTHEADAPTATIONPROCEDURESTEPFORLMSANDSASTEPANDSMOOTHINGCOEFFICIENTSFORGLMSVARIOUSPARAMETERSAFFECTINGTHESTEPFORVSLMSTHESEPARAMETERSCRUCIALLYINFLUENCETHEFILTEROUTPUTDURINGTWOADAPTATIONPHASESTRANSIENTANDSTEADYSTATECHOICEOFTHESEPARAMETERSISMOSTLYBASEDONSOMEKINDOFTRADEOFFBETWEENTHEQUALITYOFALGORITHMPERFORMANCEINTHEMENTIONEDADAPTATIONPHASESWEPROPOSEAPOSSIBLEAPPROACHFORTHELMSBASEDADAPTIVEFILTERPERFORMANCEIMPROVEMENTNAMELY,WEMAKEACOMBINATIONOFSEVERALLMSBASEDFIRFILTERSWITHDIFFERENTPARAMETERS,ANDPROVIDETHECRITERIONFORCHOOSINGTHEMOSTSUITABLEALGORITHMFORDIFFERENTADAPTATIONPHASESTHISMETHODMAYBEAPPLIEDTOALLTHELMSBASEDALGORITHMS,ALTHOUGHWEHERECONSIDERONLYSEVERALOFTHEMTHEPAPERISORGANIZEDASFOLLOWSANOVERVIEWOFTHECONSIDEREDLMSBASEDALGORITHMSISGIVENINSECTION2SECTION3PROPOSESTHECRITERIONFOREVALUATIONANDCOMBINATIONOFADAPTIVEALGORITHMSSIMULATIONRESULTSAREPRESENTEDINSECTION42LMSBASEDALGORITHMSBASEDALGORITHMINTHATSENSE,INTHEANALYSISTHATFOLLOWSWEWILLASSUMETHATDEPENDSONLY2?ONTHEALGORITHMTYPE,IEONITSPARAMETERSANIMPORTANTPERFORMANCEMEASUREFORANADAPTIVEFILTERISITSMEANSQUAREDEVIATIONMSDOFWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTSFORTHEADAPTIVEFILTERS,ITISGIVENBY,3??KTKKVVEMSD???LIM3COMBINEDADAPTIVEFILTERTHEBASICIDEAOFTHECOMBINEDADAPTIVEFILTERLIESINPARALLELIMPLEMENTATIONOFTWOORMOREADAPTIVELMSBASEDALGORITHMS,WITHTHECHOICEOFTHEBESTAMONGTHEMINEACHITERATION9CHOICEOFTHEMOSTAPPROPRIATEALGORITHM,INEACHITERATION,REDUCESTOTHECHOICEOFTHEBESTVALUEFORTHEWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTSTHEBESTWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTISTHEONETHATIS,ATAGIVENINSTANT,THECLOSESTTOTHECORRESPONDINGVALUEOFTHEWIENERVECTORLETBETHEI?THWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTFORLMSBASEDALGORITHMWITHTHECHOSEN??QKWI,PARAMETERQATANINSTANTKNOTETHATONEMAYNOWTREATALLTHEALGORITHMSINAUNIFIEDWAYLMSQ≡Μ,GLMSQ≡A,SAQ≡ΜLMSBASEDALGORITHMBEHAVIORISCRUCIALLYDEPENDENTONQINEACHITERATIONTHEREISANOPTIMALVALUEQOPT,PRODUCINGTHEBESTPERFORMANCEOFTHEADAPTIVEALGORITHMANALYZENOWACOMBINEDADAPTIVEFILTER,WITHSEVERALLMSBASEDALGORITHMSOFTHESAMETYPE,BUTWITHDIFFERENTPARAMETERQTHEWEIGHTINGCOEFFICIENTSARERANDOMVARIABLESDISTRIBUTEDAROUNDTHE,WITH??KWIANDTHEVARIANCE,RELATEDBY4,9????QKWBIASI,2Q?,4????????QIIIQKWBIASKWQKW?????,,WHERE4HOLDSWITHTHEPROBABILITYPΚ,DEPENDENTONΚFOREXAMPLE,FORΚ2ANDAGAUSSIANDISTRIBUTION,PΚ095TWOSIGMARULEDEFINETHECONFIDENCEINTERVALSFOR??9,4,,QKWI5????????QIQIIQKWKQKWKD???2,,2,???THEN,FROM4AND5WECONCLUDETHAT,ASLONGAS,,????QIQKWBIAS???,????KDKWII?INDEPENDENTLYONQTHISMEANSTHAT,FORSMALLBIAS,THECONFIDENCEINTERVALS,FORDIFFERENTOFSQ?THESAMELMSBASEDALGORITHM,OFTHESAMELMSBASEDALGORITHM,INTERSECTWHEN,ONTHEOTHERHAND,THEBIASBECOMESLARGE,THENTHECENTRALPOSITIONSOFTHEINTERVALSFORDIFFERENTAREFARSQ?APART,ANDTHEYDONOTINTERSECTSINCEWEDONOTHAVEAPRIORIINFORMATIONABOUTTHE,WEWILLUSEASPECIFIC????QKWBIASI,STATISTICALAPPROACHTOGETTHECRITERIONFORTHECHOICEOFADAPTIVEALGORITHM,IEFORTHEVALUESOFQTHECRITERIONFOLLOWSFROMTHETRADEOFFCONDITIONTHATBIASANDVARIANCEAREOFTHESAMEORDEROF

簡介：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文外文資料翻譯系部部機(jī)械工程系專業(yè)業(yè)機(jī)械工程及自動化姓名名學(xué)號號外文出處外文出處OPTIMALPROCESSPLANNINGFORACOMBINEDPUNCHANDLASERCUTTINGMACHINEUSINGANTCOLONYOPTIMIZATION附件件1外文資料翻譯譯文；2外文原文。指導(dǎo)教師評語譯文基本能表達(dá)原文思想,語句基本通順,條理基本清楚,專業(yè)用語翻譯得基本準(zhǔn)確,基本上符合中文語法,整體翻譯質(zhì)量較好。簽名年月日注注請將該封面與附件裝訂成冊。叫復(fù)式機(jī)床（KATAYAMA,1989年和ABXIE等人，2001年）或者組合式?jīng)_壓和激光切割機(jī)（KLINGEL和DOETTLING2000年）。在這篇文章里，這種機(jī)器被叫做沖壓激光組合機(jī)床。在1980年，第一臺沖壓激光組合機(jī)床被發(fā)明了（克拉克和羅蘭，1980年），后來，人們又申請了一系列的有關(guān)克服其振動干擾的問題的專利（BREDOW1982年,KATAYAMA1989年,KLINGEL和DOETTLING1990年,ULRISH2000年），使之漸漸成熟起來。隨著如各種各樣的專利中所描述的機(jī)床詳細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化，沖壓激光組合機(jī)床，大體上就是將沖壓工具和激光切割機(jī)整合到一臺機(jī)器上了?，F(xiàn)在有些機(jī)床可以允許將沖壓系統(tǒng)分離出激光切割系統(tǒng)，并且用一些常用的沖壓系統(tǒng)配上激光系統(tǒng)翻新改進(jìn)成的組合機(jī)床將很穩(wěn)定（ULRISH2000年）。沖壓激光組合機(jī)床的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是多方面的。這樣的機(jī)床能提高傳統(tǒng)沖壓設(shè)備的性能以加工不規(guī)則形狀的大工件。它代表了機(jī)床的一個(gè)大的進(jìn)展，能夠提供一種單一的、高速的、高精度的沖壓切割機(jī)床，其軌跡都是由一個(gè)終端自動控制器所控制的，而且工件之間的運(yùn)動都是通過一個(gè)機(jī)械裝置完成的，以消除操作時(shí)引起的工件之間的不必要的滑動。在過去的二十多年里，工業(yè)的發(fā)展帶動了沖壓激光組合機(jī)床的發(fā)展。生產(chǎn)這種機(jī)床的公司包括明尼蘇達(dá)州的DALSIN工業(yè)公司，北卡羅來納州的LVD公司，康涅狄格州的通用制造公司，這些都在美國，還有德國的TRUMPF集團(tuán)，美國加里福里亞州的AMADAAMERICA公司和芬蘭國際公司。圖1顯示的就是AMADAAMERICA公司擁有的組合機(jī)床。鑒于沖壓激光組合機(jī)床的性能，這種機(jī)床的工藝設(shè)計(jì)就變得更加復(fù)雜。然而，至今還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)直接研究這種沖壓激光組合機(jī)床的工藝設(shè)計(jì)的文章，并且也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這種組合機(jī)床的最優(yōu)工藝設(shè)計(jì)。這與工業(yè)上機(jī)床的發(fā)展速度是不能相配合的。不過最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)相關(guān)的研究，這些研究是關(guān)于激光沖壓機(jī)床的柔性制造單元的工藝設(shè)計(jì)（高希，等人，1993年）和車間優(yōu)化工序的模擬方法（安多，等人，1996年）。同時(shí)，以工藝設(shè)計(jì)為主題的研究有著悠久的歷史和卓越的成果。最近的一個(gè)具有總結(jié)性意義的研究是由李等人完成的。

簡介：中文中文4787字本科畢業(yè)論文本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯二〇一五年一月題目THEIMPACTOFMARKETINGMIXONATTRACTINGAUDIENCESTOTHECINEMA營銷組合對吸引觀眾到電影院的影響營銷組合對吸引觀眾到電影院的影響姓名學(xué)號專業(yè)市場營銷指導(dǎo)教師職稱?吸引伊朗觀眾進(jìn)入電影院的渠道因素?吸引伊朗觀眾進(jìn)入電影院的促銷因素研究方法研究方法目前的研究方法是應(yīng)用性研究，使用的研究方法是描述性調(diào)查。這項(xiàng)研究的調(diào)查者是在此項(xiàng)調(diào)查期間去德黑蘭電影院觀看伊朗電影的觀眾。為實(shí)現(xiàn)研究目標(biāo)，樣本通過系統(tǒng)性隨機(jī)抽樣獲取。人口數(shù)量是無限的，數(shù)據(jù)是有數(shù)量的，因此通過COLORANT公式方法決定樣本大小。公式輸出的結(jié)果是385，為了達(dá)到樣本規(guī)模，我們在德黑蘭5個(gè)電影院發(fā)放了500份問卷（在不同的地理區(qū)域（中部，北部，南部，東部和西部）隨機(jī)抽取的），已經(jīng)回收455份進(jìn)行評估。問卷調(diào)查包含21個(gè)問題，每個(gè)問題都用李克特五分量表進(jìn)行評估（分?jǐn)?shù)由低到高）。為了確保調(diào)查結(jié)果的有效性，除了相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的查閱，還包括對管理人員、顧問的訪問和專家意見法的使用。為了保證內(nèi)容效度的增加查閱相關(guān)文章和調(diào)查問卷，與管理人員和顧問，并使用專家意見咨詢進(jìn)行。調(diào)查問卷的可靠性通過信度檢驗(yàn)。其結(jié)果是0894，這說明該問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果是具有可靠性的。文獻(xiàn)和研究模型文獻(xiàn)和研究模型基于4P營銷組合和之前對電影業(yè)的研究，下列圖一的指標(biāo)已經(jīng)被定為變量。

簡介：1中文中文6466字出處出處TAMURAY,KIKUCHIH,HIBIKQUASISTATICWINDLOADCOMBINATIONSFORLOWANDMIDDLERISEBUILDINGSJJOURNALOFWINDENGINEERINGINDUSTRIALAERODYNAMICS,2003,91S12–1516131625外文翻譯外文翻譯準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)風(fēng)荷載組合對低層建筑與中層建筑的作用YTAMURAA,,HKIKUCHIB,KHIBIBTOKYOPOLYTECHNICUNIVERSITY,1583IIYAMA,ATSUGI,KANAGAWA2430297,JAPANRESEARCHINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY,SHIMIZUCORPORATION,3417,ETCHUJIMA，KOTOKU,TOKYO1358530,JAPAN摘要為了檢查風(fēng)荷載組合，測量表面壓力波動這一措施被用在四個(gè)平屋頂式的矩形或方形建筑模型方案當(dāng)中。脈動壓力集中作用在建筑模型所有的曲面上，得到的結(jié)果是作用于框架上的沿風(fēng)力、跨風(fēng)力、垂直力、沿風(fēng)產(chǎn)生的傾覆力矩、跨風(fēng)產(chǎn)生的傾覆力矩和傾扭力矩。檢驗(yàn)了最大風(fēng)作用力組合和其他同時(shí)觀測到的風(fēng)作用力組合，而且在基于絕對值的相關(guān)性、相平面表達(dá)式的基礎(chǔ)上，一些關(guān)于風(fēng)荷載作用組合的有趣事實(shí)也拿來被討論。為了直接檢查風(fēng)荷載的組合效應(yīng)，檢驗(yàn)了簡單框架模型的各列成員的最大正應(yīng)力。關(guān)鍵詞低層建筑；準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)風(fēng)荷載；順風(fēng)力；垂直風(fēng)向力；扭矩；荷載組合；風(fēng)力相關(guān)性；內(nèi)力；正應(yīng)力1介紹捕獲最大風(fēng)力的必要性最開始是由達(dá)文波特作為陣風(fēng)系數(shù)而介紹引入的的。在最大風(fēng)荷載效應(yīng)概念的基礎(chǔ)上，達(dá)文波特首先論述了作用在低高層建筑上的風(fēng)荷載效應(yīng)的可靠性，并提出了一些重要的評估因素。他的論文強(qiáng)調(diào)了更為尖端的估算風(fēng)荷載對低層建筑的作用的重要性。維克利等也論述了關(guān)于在艾爾斯伯里試驗(yàn)的低層房屋中原物尺寸與風(fēng)洞的聯(lián)系。何等人論述了現(xiàn)實(shí)中的環(huán)境對各種低層建筑形式上的風(fēng)荷載的作用。整合一建筑物所有表面上的風(fēng)壓力，結(jié)果得到作用在其框架上的沿風(fēng)力、跨風(fēng)力、垂直力、沿風(fēng)產(chǎn)生的傾覆力矩、跨風(fēng)產(chǎn)生的傾覆力矩和扭力矩。為了反映建筑物結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中的實(shí)際最大荷載效應(yīng)，應(yīng)考慮這些風(fēng)荷載效應(yīng)分支的組合。然而，風(fēng)荷載組合效應(yīng)尚未得到充分研究。盡管沿風(fēng)力和跨風(fēng)力荷載的組合已經(jīng)被考慮了，例如墨爾本大學(xué)的維克利、巴蘇、索拉里和帕格尼尼主要對高層建筑和結(jié)構(gòu)物的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行研究。被人熟知的常識是沿風(fēng)作用力的波動是由接近建筑物的渦流所產(chǎn)生的，但跨風(fēng)力和扭力矩波動的主要原因是渦流脫落。因此，人們認(rèn)為跨風(fēng)力和扭力矩也是3圖1風(fēng)洞模型于低層建筑模型，對冪指數(shù)分別為1/4和1/6的湍流，在十分鐘長度滿量程轉(zhuǎn)換中各分析了的154個(gè)和110個(gè)樣品。對于中層建筑模型，各分析了28個(gè)和7個(gè)樣品。壓力測量系統(tǒng)的增益和相位特性會數(shù)字化補(bǔ)償油管的影響。順便說明，對于低層建筑模型，分析了大量的樣本，因?yàn)樗彩菫榱擞糜跈z驗(yàn)全部的平均瞬時(shí)壓力模式導(dǎo)致的極端風(fēng)荷載作用。3準(zhǔn)靜風(fēng)荷載作用力脈動壓力被整合用以獲得準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)風(fēng)荷載作用力FD和FL；垂直升降力FT，地基傾覆力矩MD和ML，以及地基扭轉(zhuǎn)力矩MT。根據(jù)高度等的平均流速壓力QH，上述數(shù)據(jù)都以非三維的形式表示，沿風(fēng)作用力系數(shù)CD等于FD除以QHBH，跨風(fēng)力系數(shù)CL等于FL除以QHBH，而且扭轉(zhuǎn)彎矩系數(shù)CMT在風(fēng)向是零度時(shí)等于MT除以QHBHR，此處R等于（B2D2）1/2再除以2。當(dāng)一簡單框架中一列的各個(gè)拐角已假定時(shí)，上述幾個(gè)風(fēng)力系數(shù)，對于沿風(fēng)方向下、跨風(fēng)方向和垂直對角線方向下一列矢量荷載效應(yīng)（剪力，彎矩）是各自按照比例的。因此，這三個(gè)量可以直接比較。由于沿風(fēng)彎矩和跨風(fēng)彎矩僅是按比例對應(yīng)于沿風(fēng)組合FD標(biāo)量和以及跨風(fēng)組合FL標(biāo)量和而非矢量的總和，故在節(jié)選的一列成員上最大正應(yīng)力值要加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。4地基準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)荷載效應(yīng)組合圖2顯示的是一份在滿量程變化中十分鐘樣本的三種風(fēng)力組合的時(shí)間變化的例子。因?yàn)楸疚闹姓撌龅乃矔r(shí)風(fēng)作用力組合是根據(jù)好幾點(diǎn)脈動壓力的空間組合得到的，空間場的影響消除了隨機(jī)的噪音以及風(fēng)作用力的范圍顯示其從合理平穩(wěn)順利過渡到一個(gè)高頻區(qū)域。即其中一個(gè)風(fēng)作用力的最大值。CD，CL和CMT，被選中而且其他兩個(gè)同時(shí)記錄下來的風(fēng)作用力被錄用了。當(dāng)沿風(fēng)力的最大值CDMAX在

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簡介：SEEDISCUSSIONS,STATS,ANDAUTHORPROFILESFORTHISPUBLICATIONATHTTPS//WWWRESEARCHGATENET/PUBLICATION/273025406INFLUENCEOFSKEWANGLEONCONTINUOUSCOMPOSITEGIRDERBRIDGEARTICLEINJOURNALOFBRIDGEENGINEERINGJULY2012DOI101061/ASCEBE194355920000273CITATIONS4READS62AUTHORS,INCLUDINGGHOLAMREZANOURIKHARAZMIUNIVERSITY42PUBLICATIONS41CITATIONSSEEPROFILEALLINTEXTREFERENCESUNDERLINEDINBLUEARELINKEDTOPUBLICATIONSONRESEARCHGATE,LETTINGYOUACCESSANDREADTHEMIMMEDIATELYAVAILABLEFROMGHOLAMREZANOURIRETRIEVEDON26AUGUST2016SPECIFICATIONSUNDERESTIMATEDTHEBENDINGMOMENTSBYASMUCHAS28FOREXTERIORGIRDERSINNORMALBRIDGESANDTHATFORASKEWANGLEOF60°,THEMAXIMUMMOMENTINTHEINTERIORGIRDERWASAPPROXIMATELY71OFTHATINANORMALBRIDGEHELBAANDKENNEDY1994TESTEDCONTINUOUSSKEWEDCOMPOSITEBRIDGESTODEFINECOLLAPSELOADSTHERESULTSWEREPRESENTEDFORBOTHSIMPLYSUPPORTEDANDCONTINUOUS,TWOSPAN,SKEWEDCOMPOSITEBRIDGESEBEIDOANDKENNEDY1996A,BINVESTIGATEDTHEINFLUENCEOFTHESKEWANGLE,ASWELLASOTHERDESIGNPARAMETERS,ONTHESHEARANDREACTIONDISTRIBUTIONFACTORSOFCONTINUOUS,TWOSPAN,COMPOSITESTEELCONCRETEBRIDGESKHALOOANDMIRZABOZORG2003,USINGTHEFINITEELEMENTANALYSISFEAMETHOD,ANALYZEDTHREEDIMENSIONAL3D,SIMPLYSUPPORTED,SKEWEDBRIDGESWITHVARIOUSSPANLENGTHS,SKEWANGLES,GIRDERSPACINGS,ANDARRANGEMENTSOFINTERNALTRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMSTHEYSHOWEDTHATTHELOADDISTRIBUTIONFACTOROFEXTERIORGIRDERSWASREDUCEDBY24FORASKEWANGLEOF60°COMPAREDWITHNONSKEWEDBRIDGESINADDITION,THESTUDYSHOWEDTHESENSITIVITYOFTHELOADDISTRIBUTIONFACTORSOFTHEINTERIORGIRDERSWITHRESPECTTOTHESKEWANGLEFORDECKSWITHASKEWANGLEOF60°,THEDISTRIBUTIONFACTORSDECREASEDBY263COMPAREDWITHNONSKEWEDBRIDGESITWASCONCLUDEDTHATTHELOADDISTRIBUTIONFACTORSOFTHEAASHTOSTANDARDSPECIFICATIONSWEREUPTO431HIGHERTHANTHOSEFOUNDBYFEAKHALOOANDMIRZABOZORG2003SUGGESTEDTHATGIRDERLIVELOADDISTRIBUTIONFACTORSSHOULDBEREEVALUATEDFORSKEWEDBRIDGESHUANGETAL2004CARRIEDOUTFIELDTESTSANDTHEORETICALANALYSESUSINGFEAFORTWOSPANCONTINUOUSSLABONSTEELGIRDERCOMPOSITEBRIDGESWITHASKEWANGLEOF60°ASHEBOETAL2007STUDIEDTHEEFFECTOFDYNAMICLOADSONASKEWBOXGIRDERCONTINUOUSBRIDGEITWASFOUNDTHATTHEINFLUENCEOFSKEWINBOTHTHESTATICANDDYNAMICBEHAVIORSOFTHEBRIDGEWITHINTHESKEWANGLERANGEOF0°–30°WASVERYSMALLMENASSAETAL2007CONDUCTEDFEAONASIMPLYSUPPORTEDONESPANMULTILANESKEWREINFORCEDCONCRETESLABBRIDGETHEYCONCLUDEDTHATTHERATIOBETWEENTHEFEALONGITUDINALMOMENTSFORSKEWEDANDSTRAIGHTBRIDGESWASALMOST1FORBRIDGESWITHASKEWANGLELESSTHAN20°THISRATIODECREASEDTO075FORBRIDGESWITHSKEWANGLESBETWEEN30°AND40°,ANDFURTHERDECREASEDTO05ASTHESKEWANGLEOFTHEBRIDGEINCREASEDTO50°INTHOSESTUDIES,THEEFFECTSOFTRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMARRANGEMENTANDSPANRATIOHAVENOTBEENCONSIDEREDINTHISPAPER,THEEFFECTOFTHESKEWANGLEANDOTHERDESIGNPARAMETERSONTHEBENDINGMOMENT,SHEARFORCE,ANDDISTRIBUTIONFACTOROFTWOSPANCONTINUOUSCOMPOSITESTEELCONCRETEBRIDGESARESTUDIEDUSINGFEATHERESULTSOFTHEFEAFORSKEWEDBRIDGESARECOMPAREDWITHTHEREFERENCESTRAIGHTBRIDGESASWELLASTHEAASHTOSTANDARDSPECIFICATIONSANDAASHTOLRFDSPECIFICATIONSINADDITION,THEACCURACYOFASIMPLEEQUATIONFORSKEWEDBRIDGESINAPREVIOUSSTUDYISEXAMINEDANDTHEEFFECTSOFTHETRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMARRANGEMENTANDSPANRATIOARESTUDIEDSEVENTYTWOMODELCASESAREANALYZEDWITHVARIOUSSPANRATIOS1,155,AND182,SKEWANGLES0°–60°,ANDTWOARRANGEMENTSOFINTERNALTRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMSDESCRIPTIONOFBRIDGEMODELSANDASSUMPTIONSTWOLANEBRIDGESWITHANOVERALLWIDTHOF118MWITHSIXISECTIONGIRDERSWERECONSIDEREDTHESTRUCTUREWASIDEALIZEDUSINGTHEFOLLOWINGASSUMPTIONS1THESKEWEDDECKSWERESLABONGIRDERANDCONSISTEDOFSIXSTEELISECTIONEDLONGITUDINALGIRDERSTHATARESPACEDAT2M,CENTERTOCENTER2ALLMATERIALSWEREELASTICANDHOMOGENEOUS3THEDECKSLABANDLONGITUDINALIGIRDERSWERESIMPLYSUPPORTEDATTHEABUTMENTANDWERECONTINUOUSOVERTHEPIERSTHELENGTHOFTHEFIRSTSPANWAS24M,WITHSPANRATIOSNSECONDSPANLENGTH/FIRSTSPANLENGTHOF1,155,AND182TWODIFFERENTARRANGEMENTSFORTHEINTERMEDIATETRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMWERESTUDIEDINTHEFIRSTPATTERN,ATRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMWASPERPENDICULARTOTHELONGITUDINALGIRDERSANDINTHESECONDONE,ATRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMWASPARALLELTOTHESUPPORTINGLINEOFTHEDECKTHESKEWANGLEVARIED0–45°FORTHEFIRSTPATTERNAND0–60°FORTHEPARALLELONETHEGIRDERSWERESTEELISECTIONSWITHAHEIGHTOF2MANDSECTIONMODULUSOFSX?0046M3WEUSEDL808MMFORTHEXTYPEINTERMEDIATEDIAPHRAGMWITHATOPANDBOTTOMCORDCROSSFRAMEFORALLBRIDGES,25CMTHICKCONCRETEDECKSLABSOF30MPACOMPRESSIVESTRENGTHWEREUSEDANDWEREREINFORCEDONTHETOPANDBOTTOMBYA400MM2∕MAREAOFSTEELMESHEBEIDOANDKENNEDY1996A,BFIG1SHOWSTHECROSSSECTIONOFFINITEELEMENTMODELFEMANDTWOARRANGEMENTSOFTRANSVERSEDIAPHRAGMSFINITEELEMENTANALYSISMANYVARIATIONSHAVEBEENUSEDINTHELITERATURETOFORMULATETHEGIRDERSLABMODELHAYSETAL1986DEVELOPEDAMODELUSINGQUADRILATERALSHELLELEMENTSFORTHEBRIDGEDECKANDSPACEFRAMEELEMENTSFORTHEGIRDERSTHISTYPEOFMODELISSIMILARTOTHEECCENTRICBEAMMODELEXCEPTTHEELEMENTSARESIMPLYCONNECTEDATTHECENTEROFGRAVITYANDARIGIDLINKISNOTREQUIREDATRUEECCENTRICBEAMAPPROACHWASPRESENTEDBYIMBSENANDNUTT1978THEMODELUTILIZEDSHELLELEMENTSANDBEAMELEMENTSCONNECTEDBYRIGIDLINKSTOREPRESENTTHEDECKANDGIRDERS,RESPECTIVELYBROCKENBROUGH1986USEDADETAILEDBEAMAPPROACHANDDIVIDEDTHEBEAMINTOTHREEPARTSEACHFLANGEWASMODELEDASABEAMELEMENT,ANDTHEWEBWASMODELEDASASHELLELEMENTTHESLABUTILIZEDSHELLELE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簡介：出處MESKENDAHLSTHEINFLUENCEOFBUSINESSSTRATEGYONPROJECTPORTFOLIOMANAGEMENTANDITSSUCCESSACONCEPTUALFRAMEWORKJINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFPROJECTMANAGEMENT,2010,288807817中文7020字THEINFLUENCEOFBUSINESSSTRATEGYONPROJECTPORTFOLIOMANAGEMENTANDITSSUCCESSACONCEPTUALFRAMEWORKSASCHAMESKENDAHLTECHNISCHEUNIVERSIT?TBERLIN,CHAIRFORTECHNOLOGYANDINNOVATIONMANAGEMENT,GERMANYRECEIVED12MARCH2010RECEIVEDINREVISEDFORM25JUNE2010ACCEPTED29JUNE2010商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略對項(xiàng)目組合管理及項(xiàng)目組合成功影響的一個(gè)理論框架商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略對項(xiàng)目組合管理及項(xiàng)目組合成功影響的一個(gè)理論框架摘要與企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)建相比，公司戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施面臨著更多的困難，為了消除公司戰(zhàn)略制定與戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施之間的差距，本文探究了商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、項(xiàng)目組合管理、商業(yè)成功之間的關(guān)系，先前的研究為這些孤立的概念之間正相關(guān)系提供了一些證據(jù)，但是至今為止，還沒有一個(gè)連貫整體的理論框架來解釋從商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略到成功的整個(gè)過程，因此有關(guān)項(xiàng)目組合管理的研究都是戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向概念的延伸。本文在查閱大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)商業(yè)，提出一個(gè)考慮戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向、項(xiàng)目組合結(jié)果、項(xiàng)目組合成功、商業(yè)成功的全面的概念模型，這個(gè)模型今后可以用于企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略對項(xiàng)目組合管理和組合成功影響的實(shí)證研究，另外該模型在考慮其他因素條件下很容易延伸。1引言根據(jù)MANKINSANDSTEELE2005，公司只實(shí)現(xiàn)其戰(zhàn)略潛在價(jià)值的63，JOHNSON2004報(bào)道指出，66的公司戰(zhàn)略從來沒有被實(shí)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施通常被認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)略的墳?zāi)苟缓雎?，研究的重點(diǎn)偏向于戰(zhàn)略的制定這個(gè)方面（GRUNDY,1998MORRISANDJAMIESON,2005）。但是就如HREBINIAK2006陳述的一樣，戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施比戰(zhàn)略的制定面臨著更多的困難，這也恰是項(xiàng)目組合管理能夠發(fā)揮作用的地方，SHENHARETAL2001強(qiáng)調(diào)項(xiàng)目和項(xiàng)目組合是強(qiáng)有力的戰(zhàn)略武器，因此項(xiàng)目和項(xiàng)目組合常常被視為在特定戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施過程中的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)CLELAND,1999DIETRICHANDLEHTONEN,2005GRUNDY,2000項(xiàng)目組合管理把公司內(nèi)部所有項(xiàng)目中同時(shí)進(jìn)行的項(xiàng)目看做一個(gè)巨大的整體，在理論研究和實(shí)際應(yīng)用中獲得越來越多的重視ARTTOANDDIETRICH,2004DIETRICHANDLEHTONEN,2005PATANAKULANDMILOSEVIC,2009。項(xiàng)目組合是在一個(gè)企業(yè)內(nèi)部共同享有和競爭有限資源的一系列項(xiàng)目ARCHERANDGHASEMZADEH,1999。目前文獻(xiàn)認(rèn)為項(xiàng)目組合管理的重點(diǎn)在于項(xiàng)目的評估、優(yōu)先級定位和選擇與戰(zhàn)略一致的項(xiàng)目EGARCHERANDGHASEMZADEH,2004COOPERETAL,2001ENGLUNDAND目前，只有很少的研究從單一的角度探究了企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、項(xiàng)目組合管理、商業(yè)成功之間的關(guān)系，MüLLERETAL2008認(rèn)為在戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向的項(xiàng)目選擇與項(xiàng)目組合管理之間存在正相關(guān)系，一些其他的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目優(yōu)先級作為項(xiàng)目組合管理的一部分是一個(gè)成功的關(guān)鍵要素EGCOOPERETAL,1999ELONENANDARTTO,2003FRICKEETAL,2000。另外，一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目組合對于商業(yè)成功也有積極的影響，但至今沒有一個(gè)理論框架來解釋從戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃經(jīng)過項(xiàng)目組合管理到商業(yè)成功整個(gè)過程，筆者提出一個(gè)基于戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向、項(xiàng)目組合結(jié)構(gòu)、項(xiàng)目組和成功、商業(yè)成功的理論框架，這里項(xiàng)目組合重點(diǎn)考慮分析的項(xiàng)目為公司內(nèi)部發(fā)起的項(xiàng)目、RWALKERANDRUEKERT,1987。本文依據(jù)VENKATRAMAN1989的提議提出了戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向的概念來評估企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略，戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向描述一個(gè)公司行為和業(yè)績的總體態(tài)勢，它克服應(yīng)用分類方法EGMILESANDSNOW,1978PORTER,1980WRIGHTETAL,1995在評價(jià)公司戰(zhàn)略MORGANANDSTRONG,2003方面的廣泛局限性。在企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略和限制性條件下，項(xiàng)目組合結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)周期性過程在評估和選擇新的項(xiàng)目提案及正在進(jìn)行的項(xiàng)目ARCHERANDGHASEMZADEH,1999。為了評價(jià)項(xiàng)目組合管理以及其影響，與單個(gè)項(xiàng)目相比，結(jié)果更應(yīng)該可度量以及包含多個(gè)方面DIETRICHANDLEHTONEN,2005MARTINSUOANDLEHTONEN,2007。項(xiàng)目組合成功的評估常常依據(jù)多維度的評價(jià)指標(biāo)（COOPERETAL2002），由于項(xiàng)目組合的周期性，項(xiàng)目組合管理需要提升整體業(yè)務(wù)，因此從近期和長期結(jié)果來看，商業(yè)成功應(yīng)從項(xiàng)目組合管理概念基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行考慮SHENHARETAL2001。圖1展示了本文的基本框架，它認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向?qū)ι虡I(yè)成功的影響通過項(xiàng)目組合結(jié)構(gòu)和項(xiàng)目組合成功來作用的，同時(shí)，它也表明了戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)向?qū)?xiàng)目組合結(jié)構(gòu)和項(xiàng)目組和成功之間的關(guān)系具有調(diào)節(jié)作用。為了滿足現(xiàn)代公司EGS?DERLUND,2004的要求同時(shí)消除企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略制定與企

簡介：中文中文3560字畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目翻譯題目翻譯題目關(guān)于關(guān)于一種新型一種新型6自由度組合并聯(lián)機(jī)械臂自由度組合并聯(lián)機(jī)械臂的研究研究學(xué)院自動化學(xué)院自動化學(xué)院專業(yè)自動化自動化姓名班級學(xué)號指導(dǎo)教師指導(dǎo)教師圖一機(jī)械臂模型如果球關(guān)節(jié)被三個(gè)相交的單元旋量代替，那會有五個(gè)與3RRS型機(jī)械臂的每個(gè)臂聯(lián)系的旋量。因此存在一個(gè)特別的旋量與所有的關(guān)節(jié)旋量相反，它代表了一個(gè)力應(yīng)用于空間關(guān)節(jié)中心的一個(gè)點(diǎn)和平行于轉(zhuǎn)動關(guān)節(jié)的軸。然后，然后,就會有三個(gè)約束力作用于移動平臺。通常來說，這三力旋量是異面和線性獨(dú)立的。所以可能的運(yùn)動是順著正常固定的平臺的平移和關(guān)于某根線的空間二維旋轉(zhuǎn)，這種于東可以是三力旋量在同一時(shí)間相交。平面的3RRR型機(jī)械臂有三個(gè)自由度，包括平面二維的平移和一維旋轉(zhuǎn)。由于兩組合機(jī)械臂分別有不同的自由度，因此本文中所考慮的機(jī)械臂都擁有六個(gè)自由度。三、逆運(yùn)動學(xué)三、逆運(yùn)動學(xué)在圖二中給出了運(yùn)動學(xué)的圖解示意圖。機(jī)械臂的所有關(guān)節(jié)都在圖中有所表示。這里有六個(gè)活動的可旋轉(zhuǎn)的關(guān)節(jié)變量，表示為ΘI和ΗI，這里I1,2,3。移動的坐標(biāo)系{M}是在三角形P1P2P3的中心，坐標(biāo)系{O}是在三角形C1C2C3的中心，而且基坐標(biāo)系{O}被固定在地面上且原點(diǎn)同一樣{O}在初始條件狀態(tài)下，ΦI和ΖI是被動輔助關(guān)節(jié)角，可以被用來計(jì)算機(jī)仿真計(jì)算或者用于速度和動力學(xué)計(jì)算。如圖所示，鏈接的長度用1，L，A和B表示。

簡介：99COPYRIGHT?CANADIANRESEARCHELHAMSEZAVARHABIBIBASISTANCEPROFESSOR,FACULTYOFBUSINESSANDACCOUNTING,ALLAMEHTABATABA’IUNIVERSITY,TEHRAN,IRANBMASTEROFMARKETING,FACULTYOFBUSINESSANDACCOUNTING,ALLAMEHTABATABA’IUNIVERSITY,TEHRAN,IRANCORRESPONDINGAUTHORADDRESSFACULTYOFBUSINESSANDACCOUNTING,ALLAMEHTABATABA’IUNIVERSITY,TEHRAN,IRANRECEIVED10JUNE2012ACCEPTED22JULY2012ABSTRACTITISCOMMONKNOWLEDGETHATMOVIEPRODUCTIONANDMARKETINGFEATURE,ISARISKYBUSINESSEXTENDINGOURKNOWLEDGEOFFACTORSAFFECTINGMOVIESALESANDATTRACTINGPEOPLETOTHEATERSCANHELPREDUCETHERISKOFTHEFILMINDUSTRYINTHISPAPER,WETRIEDTOIDENTIFYINFLUENTIALFACTORSINATTRACTINGPEOPLETOCINEMAFROMMARKETINGMIX4P’SPOINTOFVIEWANDPRIORITIZETHEIRINDICESFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFMOVIEGOERSINTEHRANTHEPOPULATIONOFTHISSTUDYCONSISTSOFMOVIEGOERSINTEHRAN,IRANINTHISSTUDY,455QUESTIONNAIRESWEREDISTRIBUTEDINFIVECINEMAOFTEHRANINORDERTOANALYSISDATA,KOLMOGOROVSMIRNOV,BINOMIALORRELATIVE,TSTUDENTANDFRIEDMANTESTSHASBEENUSEDTHERESULTSREVEALEDTHATALLMARKETINGMIXVARIABLESEXCEPTTHE“PRICE”AREINFLUENTIALINATTRACTINGAUDIENCESPRIORITIZINGTHESEFOURVARIABLESSHOWSTHAT“PLACE”HASTHEHIGHESTPRIORITYALSO“FILMGENRE”AND“DIRECTOR”INPRODUCTVARIABLE,“PROMOTION”AND“WORDOFMOUTH”AND“MOVIEREVIEW”INPROMOTIONVARIABLES,RESPECTIVELYWERETHEMOSTIMPORTANTINDICESKEYWORDSMOTIONPICTUREINDUSTRYCINEMAMARKETINGMARKETINGMIXMAHMOUDMOHAMMADIAN,ELHAMSEZAVARHABIBI2012THEIMPACTOFMARKETINGMIXONATTRACTINGAUDIENCESTOTHECINEMAINTERNATIONALBUSINESSANDMANAGEMENT,51,99106AVAILABLEFROMURLHTTP//WWWCSCANADANET/INDEXPHP/IBM/ARTICLE/VIEW/JIBM19238428201205011010DOIHTTP//DXDOIORG/103968/JIBM19238428201205011010INTRODUCTIONIRANISONEOFTHEFEWCOUNTRIESTHATHAVEHADACOMPLETECYCLEOFMOVIEMAKINGACTIVITIES,INCLUDINGFILMPRODUCTION,DISTRIBUTIONANDDISPLAY,FORALONGTIMEDUETOSOCIALANDCULTURALROLEOFMOVIEANDCINEMA,THEIMPORTANCEOFACQUIRINGAPLACEAMONGFILMINDUSTRYGIANTSISNOTASECRETTOANYONEHOWEVER,DESPITETHEVERYHIGHNUMBEROFIRANIANFILMS,THEAMOUNTOFTHEATERS,AUDIENCEANDFILMSALESAREVERYLOWACINEMAWITHOUTAUDIENCEDOESN’TMAKESENSEANDHAVINGAUDIENCEISCONSIDEREDTHEREQUIREMENTFORPROSPERITYANDDEVELOPMENTOFMOVIEINDUSTRYTHEREFOREBYANALYZINGPROBLEMSANDFINDINGTHEIRROOTS,IDENTIFYINGINFLUENTIALFACTORSINMOVIESALESANDITSMARKETINGCANENABLEUSTOATTRACTAUDIENCESTOCINEMAANDIMPROVETHECOMMUNITY’SVISIONANDCULTUREBEINGSUCCESSFULINATTRACTINGAUDIENCES,INCREASESPERCAPITAOFMOVIEGOINGWHICHLEADSNOTONLYTOREDUCETHERISKOFMOVIEINDUSTRYBUTALSOAUGMENTATIONTHEPROFITABILITYTHEMAINOBJECTIVEOFTHISSTUDYISTODISCOVERTHEINFLUENTIALFACTORSTHE4P’SINMARKETINGMIXINATTRACTINGAUDIENCESTOCINEMAANDPRIORITIZINGTHESEFACTORSRESEARCHHYPOTHESESAREASFOLLOWS●THEPRODUCTFACTORISINFLUENTIALINATTRACTINGIRANIANMOVIEAUDIENCESTOCINEMA●THEPRICEFACTORISINFLUENTIALINATTRACTINGIRANIANMOVIEAUDIENCESTOCINEMA●THEPLACEFACTORISINFLUENTIALINATTRACTINGIRANIANMOVIEAUDIENCESTOCINEMA●THEPROMOTIONFACTORISINFLUENTIALINATTRACTINGIRANIANMOVIEAUDIENCESTOCINEMA1RESEARCHMETHODTHEPRESENTRESEARCHISCONSIDEREDAPPLIEDRESEARCHANDITSMETHODISDESCRIPTIVESURVEYTHEPOPULATIONOFTHISMAHMOUDMOHAMMADIANELHAMSEZAVARHABIBI2012INTERNATIONALBUSINESSANDMANAGEMENT,51,99106101COPYRIGHT?CANADIANRESEARCHDEVELOPMENTCENTEROFSCIENCESANDCULTURESAUDIENCE,THEDIRECTOR’SPERFORMANCEISMUCHMOREDIFFICULTTOEVALUATETHANTHATOFTHEACTORSBECAUSETHEDIRECTOR’SWORKIS‘INVISIBLE’THEDIRECTOR’SPERFORMANCECANBEINFERREDFROMTHEMOVIE’SQUALITYHENNIGTHURAU,WALSHWRUCK,2001DIRECTORSHAVEAMOREINDIRECTEFFECTONCONSUMERSGOODDIRECTORSMAKEGOODMOVIES,GOODMOVIESHAVEPOSITIVEWORDOFMOUTH,POSITIVEWORDOFMOUTHDELAYSPEAKSALESAINSLIE,DRèZEZUFRYDEN,2005,P515●PRODUCERTHEPRODUCERISAFILM’SBUSINESSPROJECTLEADERTHEPRODUCERISTHENCONTRACTUALLYRESPONSIBLEFORTHECOMPLETIONOFTHEMOVIEWITHINSETFINANCIAL,LOCATIONANDTIMECONSTRAINTSANDFORESTIMATINGITSCOMMERCIALSUCCESSHADIDA,2009,P299PRODUCERSFINANCEAMOVIE’SPRODUCTIONANDBECAUSEOFTHISGREATFINANCIALRESPONSIBILITY,THEYTENDTOHAVEFARREACHINGCONTROLOVERPRODUCTIONRELATEDASPECTSHENNIGTHURAU,WALSHWRUCK,2001●FILMSTARFILMSHAVEVERYFEWTANGIBLEATTRIBUTESONEOFTHETANGIBLEHALLMARKSOFQUALITYINWHICHTHISBLURRINGEFFECTISPARTICULARLYEVIDENTISTHECASTANDTHEPRESENCEOFBIGSTARS,WHICHAREANINDICATIONOFQUALITYONANUMBEROFLEVELSSUAREZVAZQUEZ,2011,P120RAVID’S1999MEASURESAREDIRECTLYRELATEDTOTHETWOTYPESOFREPUTATIONSTHAT,INGENERAL,CANBETHESOURCEOFSTARS’POWERANECONOMICREPUTATION,DERIVEDFROMTHEIRBOXOFFICESUCCESS,ANDANARTISTICREPUTATION,DERIVEDFROMTHERECOGNITIONOFCRITICSORPEERSASTAR’SARTISTICREPUTATION,WHICHINTHEMOTIONPICTUREINDUSTRYISPRIMARILYREVEALEDTHROUGHAWARDSORNOMINATIONS,ISASIGNOFQUALITYFORAUDIENCES,EXECUTIVES,THEMEDIA,ANDOTHERCONSTITUENCIESELBERSE,2007,PP103104RESEARCHESGENERALLYHAVEHADMIXEDRESULTSOVERTHEIMPACTOFFILMSTARSONTHESUCCESSOFTHEFILMFOREXAMPLE,SOCHAY1994,ANDNEELAMEGHAMANDCHINTAGUNTA1999,SAWHNEYANDELIASHBERG1996ANDAINSLIE,DRèZE,ANDZUFRYDENFOUNDTHATTHEREISAPOSITIVERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEPRESENCEOFAFAMOUSSTARINTHEFILMANDITSSALESINCONTRASTRAVID1999,DEVANYANDWALLS1999ANDLITMAN1983DIDN’TFINDANYSIGNIFICANTRELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHESETWO●FILMBUDGETANOTHERATTRIBUTEOFAFILMISTHESIZEOFBUDGETALARGEPRODUCTIONBUDGETCOULDBETAKENASASIGNALOFHIGHERQUALITYELLIOT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