歷史喧囂中的文化突圍——論中西文化對(duì)話中林語(yǔ)堂的文化策略及意義.pdf

1、歷史喧囂中的文化突圍一論中西文化對(duì)話中林語(yǔ)堂的文化策略及意義摘要本文通過(guò)分析林語(yǔ)堂創(chuàng)作與中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)主流取向的硫離關(guān)系，及其在中西文化交流鋒面中獨(dú)特的話題營(yíng)造方式，旨在中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)特定歷史語(yǔ)境和中西文化交流的宏觀背景下探尋林語(yǔ)堂傳統(tǒng)文化建構(gòu)的策略及意義.新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)中的林語(yǔ)堂，經(jīng)歷了五四時(shí)期“浮賺凌厲”的激進(jìn)文化批判到回歸傳統(tǒng)趣味的轉(zhuǎn)變，相對(duì)于新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的主流價(jià)值而言，這是一個(gè)文化選擇改良化的邊緣游離過(guò)程，林語(yǔ)堂因?yàn)椤靶∑肺摹倍c新“載道

2、”文藝觀所代表的左翼文學(xué)產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重沖突.與時(shí)代性的反傳統(tǒng)指向背道而馳，林語(yǔ)堂偏愛(ài)傳統(tǒng)的文藝旨趣受到了新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)主流的強(qiáng)烈批判，并使其長(zhǎng)期成為顯性層面上的“守舊”和“反動(dòng)”文人形象.但是對(duì)林語(yǔ)堂的評(píng)價(jià)并不是歷史是非能解決的問(wèn)題，小品文所引發(fā)的文體沖突反映的是傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代、革命與改良的直接沖突，對(duì)林語(yǔ)堂創(chuàng)作價(jià)值的還原必須建立在對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化正確認(rèn)知的基礎(chǔ)之上.林語(yǔ)堂的文化選擇因?yàn)橹袊?guó)特殊的歷史晚遇而受到強(qiáng)烈壓制，只能是“時(shí)中國(guó)人講外國(guó)文化，對(duì)外國(guó)

3、人講中國(guó)文化”，游走于邊緣.在西方的語(yǔ)境中，林語(yǔ)堂成功地營(yíng)造了中西文化對(duì)話中的人文主義同題，但其創(chuàng)作資源卻來(lái)自中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，具有精神源流傳承的意義和民族文學(xué)原生性特征.林語(yǔ)堂是一個(gè)成功的文化闡釋者，闡釋的重點(diǎn)是中國(guó)文化中的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形態(tài)和“近情”構(gòu)造，它的適應(yīng)對(duì)象是西方工業(yè)化進(jìn)程中所產(chǎn)生的扮神困境，意即克服西方科學(xué)理性的形上迷失代之以“情理互補(bǔ)”的合理性。在中西文化不平衡的話語(yǔ)范式下，林語(yǔ)堂通過(guò)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化的詩(shī)意解讀，為中西文化架起了人文對(duì)

4、話的橋梁，實(shí)現(xiàn)了中國(guó)文學(xué)在世界范圍內(nèi)的同場(chǎng)言說(shuō).林語(yǔ)堂在多重文化矛盾中間能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自主的策略轉(zhuǎn)移，在于其穩(wěn)定的思想動(dòng)BreakthroughtheHistoricalCulturalAnomieTheoryonLinYutangsCulturalStrategyandItsValueintheInterlocutionbetweentheChineseandWesternCultureAbstractThethesisresearches

5、onLinYutangsculturalstrategyanditsvaluewithinthehistoricalcircumstancesoftheChinesemodernliteratureandagainstthemacroscopicbackgroundoftheculturalInterlocutionbetweenChinaandtheWestthroughanalyzingLinYutangsworksestrange

6、dfromthemainstreamofChinesemodernliteratureandhisconstructiononthetopicoftheInterlocutionintheteethoftheChinpgrandWesternculture.LinYutangexperiencedthetransformationfromtheswiftandfiercecriticismintheperiodoftheMay4THMo

7、vementtotheregresstothetraditionalinterestthisbroughtonaseriousconflictwiththethoughtofNewLoadingTaowhichrepresentstheLeftWingliteraturebecauseoftheauthorsessaytendency.ContrarytothepointtotheantitraditionLinYutangsliter

8、aryinterestsinfavorofthetraditionalculturesuferedfiercecriticismfromthemainstreamoftheNewculturalMovementatthattimeandmadehimbecometheseemingimageoftheconservativeandreactionaryscholarforlongtime.Itshardtojudgerightorwro

9、ngaboutLinYutangbecauseitreflectstheconflictsbetweenTraditionandModern電RevolutionandImprovement.ItwillnotbeappreciabletotheworksofLinYutangwithoutcorrectopinionontheChinesetraditionalculture.工inYutangsculturalchoiceencou

10、nteredintenseinhibitionbecauseoftheextremecircumstancesinChinahecouldonly“preachforeignculturetotheChineseandChineseculturetotheforeigner，，，rovingontheedge.InWesternenvironmentLinYutangcreatedsuccessfullytheInterlocution

11、topicunderhumanismhisresourcejustcamefromtheChinesetraditionalculturewhichmeansprolongationofthetraditionalspiritualheadstreamandoriginalcharacterofthenationalliterature.LinYutangwasasuccessfulinterpreterhisinterpretatio

12、nemphasizedtheChinesetraditionalArtandSensibility(CommonSense)inordertoresolvethespiritualtroublecausedbytheWesternindustrializationinotherwordstakeplaceofMetaphysicalScientismbyReasonablenessinwhichrationalismandsensibi