初中化學(xué)開(kāi)放題的編制研究.pdf

1、曲阜師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文初中化學(xué)開(kāi)放題的編制研究姓名：馮翠典申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專(zhuān)業(yè)：教育學(xué)、課程與教學(xué)論指導(dǎo)教師：韓慶奎張雨強(qiáng)20080401曲阜師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractThenewelementaryeducationcurriculumreform，whichkeepsthepace、ⅣitIltherequestsoftheageandsocietymainlyemphasizesstudents’progress，a

2、imsatimprovingstudents’scientificliteracyaimsatcultivatingstudents’creativespiritandpracticalabilityandhasmadefullyreflectiononthetraditionaleducationsystemThecontinuousterminalexaminationreformputforwardrequestsonstuden

3、ts’creativespiritandpracticalabilityandmanifeststhealignment塒ththecurriculumrefonnInpractice，exercisesisthemaintoolofscienceeducationtoimplementthecurriculumobjectivesThetraditionalexercisesaredominatedbyclosedproblemand

4、emphasizestandardanswersItoftenforcesstudentstobecoiffusedbetween‘howtoanswer’and‘‘howtoquestion’’StudentsalwaysCanresolvetheseclosedproblemsbyrepeatedtrainingandsimpleimitationInthiskindexercisestraining，neitherCallwecu

5、ltivatestudents’ablititiesofinquisitionandproblemsolving，nordevelopstudents’thinkingcapabilityAsaresultstudents’criticalcompetencyandindependencehavebeensuppressed，theircuriosityalsohavebeenwornoutinthosemechanicalandste

6、rilelearningObviouslyononehand，closedproblemcannotmeetmodemeducationalrequirementsforpersonneltraining，ontheotherhand，theyalsocannotloadthetaskthatnewcurriculumreformconceptisconvenedintoteachingcultureAllinall，itisabsol

7、utelyimperativetoexplorealtemativewaysandmeansChemistryopenendedproblemisoftheneweducationalthought；itemergedanddevelopedwithprofoundreflectionofclosedproblemOpenendedproblemarethenewtypeexerciseItscharacteristicsmainlyf

8、ocusOiltheopeningofselfstructureandcontentselectionItnotonlyencouragesstudentstoexploreactivelyandstudythoroughlybutalsoguidesstudentstoconsiderproblemmorecompletelyandcomprehensivelyThereisnodoubtthattheopenendedproblem

9、istheopeningofstudents’thinkingdomain，isthearenatoperformstudents’individualconsciousness，isthegoodmediumtoinspirestudents’divergentthinkingandinnovativespirit，istheeffectivetooltoevaluatestudents’inquiryabilityandscient

10、ificliteracyThefirstpartofthispaperistheoreticalbasisConstructivisticlearningtheoryandmoderneducationassessmenttheoryprovidethetheoreticalsupportofthisstudyThesecondpartisliteraturesummaryAsfarasthepresentdocumentaryisco

11、ncernedtheresearchconcerned、析tllopenendedproblemfocusedonthreeCOreareas：howtodevelopopenendedproblem，howtesolveopenendedprobleminclassroom，andhowtoevaluatestudents’answerofopenendedproblemNevertheless，heauthorholdthatthe