論對(duì)律師的報(bào)復(fù)性起訴.pdf

1、中文摘要中文摘要廣西北海市四名律師在為當(dāng)事人作辯護(hù)的過程中被公訴，這起源起于一起普通的故意傷害案的廣西“北海案”再一次的引發(fā)了人們對(duì)公訴權(quán)濫用，尤其是對(duì)律師進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)性起訴問題的關(guān)注。在中國的司法實(shí)務(wù)中，近年來發(fā)生了眾多的破壞律師正常的執(zhí)業(yè)活動(dòng)，甚至以各種理由報(bào)復(fù)、打壓辯護(hù)律師并進(jìn)行刑事追訴的惡劣事件?！氨焙０浮敝?，檢察官違反法律程序，任意對(duì)律師正常的執(zhí)業(yè)活動(dòng)進(jìn)行破壞甚至進(jìn)行職業(yè)報(bào)復(fù)，其核心問題就是對(duì)律師的報(bào)復(fù)性起訴。公權(quán)力部門基于報(bào)復(fù)性

2、的動(dòng)機(jī)或者明顯不公正以及違背程序正義要求而阻撓律師正常執(zhí)業(yè)甚至進(jìn)行刑事追訴的所有活動(dòng)，既包括違法偵查過程中的濫用刑事強(qiáng)制措施，也包括審查起訴過程中的事實(shí)不清、證據(jù)不足而提起公訴。本案中律師的依法執(zhí)業(yè)權(quán)利難以得到保障，也體現(xiàn)出法律傳統(tǒng)中對(duì)律師存在偏見，在中國文化里，人們普遍對(duì)律師的印象不好，評(píng)價(jià)不高，甚至把律師稱作是，愛搬弄是非、替壞人說話的“訟棍”；律師豁免制度的不完善，除了法律明確規(guī)定的律師的基本職業(yè)權(quán)利在司法實(shí)踐中受到種種人為的限制

3、之外，辯護(hù)律師在代理刑事案件中的刑事責(zé)任豁免權(quán)更是缺位；程序性救濟(jì)的缺失，對(duì)律師的報(bào)復(fù)性起訴之所以大量的存在于司法實(shí)踐之中的一個(gè)重要原因就是，公權(quán)力部門濫用公訴權(quán)的行為，缺乏實(shí)質(zhì)性的制裁；對(duì)公訴監(jiān)督不足，實(shí)際上，對(duì)律師的報(bào)復(fù)性起訴就是公訴部門在濫用公訴權(quán)，而公訴權(quán)作為國家公權(quán)力之所以被濫用，從根本上來說缺乏對(duì)公訴權(quán)行使的監(jiān)督等問題，這些問題直接導(dǎo)致了律師成為打擊報(bào)復(fù)的對(duì)象。對(duì)律師進(jìn)行職業(yè)報(bào)復(fù)的規(guī)制是被告有獲得律師幫助的權(quán)利的需要，同時(shí)也

4、是“平等武裝”與“控辯平衡”的程序正義的要求。因而，應(yīng)從轉(zhuǎn)變對(duì)律師的偏見的觀念，對(duì)律師進(jìn)行重新定位并認(rèn)識(shí)到律師在法治建設(shè)中的重要作用；完善律師豁免制度，提高對(duì)律師的追訴門檻來保障律師依法執(zhí)業(yè)的權(quán)利；建立程序性裁判機(jī)制，來完善程序性救濟(jì)；剝離檢察官對(duì)法官涉嫌犯罪AbstractAbstractInBeihaiCityGuangxiProvince，fourlawyerswereprosecutedinthecourseofadefense

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7、edureanddestroyedthelawyers’normalactivitiescasuallyeventookthevocationalretaliation，thecorepointofwhichistheretaliatoryprosecutiontothelawyersAlltheactivitiestakenbydepartmentofpublicpowerlikedisturbthelawyers’practiceo

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9、theprosecutionbecauseoftheunclearfactandtheinadequateevidenceduringtheexaminationandprosecutionInthiscase，thelawyers’righttopracticeishardlytogetprotection，whichmeanstheprejudicestillexistsamongthelawyersduringthetraditi

10、onallawsystemIntheChineseculture，lawyersleftthepeoplebadimpressionandlowerpraise，evenwerecalledthe“shyster’’wholovetorepeatgossipanddebateforthebadguy；theimperfectofthesystemoflawyerimmunityapartfromtherestrictionsoftheb

11、asicallyvocationalrightswhicharewrittenintothelawthedefenselawyer’Simmunityindealingwiththecriminalcasesisamuchbiggershortage；thedeficiencyoftheproceduralremedytheimportantreasonwhytheretaliatoryprosecutiontothelawyersex