漢日語音與句法語義關(guān)系的研究.pdf

1、摘要任何語言都有自己獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)模式，有其特殊的呈示句法語義關(guān)系的形式。任何句法語義關(guān)系最終必須通過語音形式來實(shí)現(xiàn)，它(創(chuàng)千J)與語音形式密切相關(guān)，不可分離。一句話，語音是呈示句法語義關(guān)系最重要的、無可替代的形式手段。本論文以這種思考為前提，運(yùn)用實(shí)驗(yàn)語音學(xué)的方法，詳細(xì)比較研究了漢日兩種語否語音節(jié)律(頻率性質(zhì)、強(qiáng)度差異、延展時(shí)間、停頓、語調(diào)軌跡等)與句法語義的種種關(guān)系。全文分三大部分。上篇包括第一章至第四章。第一章從發(fā)音角度比較現(xiàn)代漢日

2、元輔音系統(tǒng)。第二章通過提取第一共振峰和第二共振峰的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)從聲學(xué)角度比較漢日單元音的分布格局。第三章分析了在各種組合語境中漢日單元音的時(shí)長變化及比例關(guān)系。第四章從外語學(xué)習(xí)的角度詳細(xì)分析了漢語送氣音不送氣音與日語清音濁音在)川沮、持阻和除隊(duì)1三階段呈現(xiàn)的不同時(shí)長比例差異。下篇含第五章至第卜二章。第五章通過漢語“啊”“吧”與日語“上”“相”兩組句末語氣詞的語音分析，討淪了語調(diào)與信息源的歸屬關(guān)系。第六章通過比較上升調(diào)名詞獨(dú)詞句在漢語和日語中呈

3、示句法語義范圍的差異，討論了漢日名詞獨(dú)詞句的語音與句法語義的關(guān)系。第七章通過比較漢日形容詞獨(dú)詞句在表現(xiàn)陳述、祈使、感嘆、疑問四種語氣時(shí)呈現(xiàn)的不同語音特征，討論了漢日語音與語氣的關(guān)系。第八章主要討論漢日無句末語氣詞疑問句中區(qū)別特指問與是非問的語音手段的異同。第九章至第十一章都是探討語音與歧義關(guān)系的。第九章通過對(duì)歧義結(jié)構(gòu)中切分下來的語段的語音分析，討論了漢語和日語潛存于句法結(jié)構(gòu)理解中的韻律習(xí)慣。第十章通過對(duì)歧義句不同句法語義結(jié)構(gòu)的語音分析以

4、及聽辨實(shí)驗(yàn)，討論了歧義句法語義理解和詞語時(shí)長變化的關(guān)系。第十一章通過對(duì)歧義句法語義切分點(diǎn)的聲學(xué)分析，討論了時(shí)長在歧義切分中的境界標(biāo)示功能。第十二章通過“Nl的(o))N2”短語結(jié)構(gòu)中N2的弱化與非弱化的實(shí)驗(yàn)分析，討論了漢日N2弱化與句法語義結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。結(jié)語部分(第十三章)主要從同異關(guān)系、幾組重要的語音手段(高與低、強(qiáng)與弱、長與短、連與斷)、協(xié)同與主次三個(gè)方面對(duì)本文論及的漢日語音與句法語義關(guān)系作了綜合論述。本論文主要研究漢語和日語語音

5、與句法語義的關(guān)系。討論范圍涉及到基頻高低及曲AbstractAnylanguagehasitsownparticularpatternofstructuralsystemanditsownparticularformsofdemonstratingtherelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaningandanykindofrelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaningmustmanif

6、estitselfthroughsoundandthereforeiscloselylinkedwithsound.Inawordsoundisthemostimportantandirreplaceablemanifestationoftherelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaning.BasedonthisideathisdissertationmakesacomparativestudyofChines

7、eandJapaneseintermsoftherelationshipsbetweensoundrhythmnatureoffrequencydiferenceofintensityextensionofdurationpausetrackofintonation一andgrammarandmeaningbyusingthemethodofexperimentalphoneticsThewholedissertationisdivid

8、edintothreeparts.Thefirstpartconsistsoffourchapters.ChapterOneisacomparativestudyoftheChinesesystemofvowelsandconsonantsandtheJapaneseoneintermsofsound.ChapterTwomakesacomparisonbetweenthelayoutofsinglevowelsinChineseand

9、thatinJapaneseinacousticaltermsbywithdrawingdatafromtheexperimentsofthefirstandsecondformant.ChapterThreemakesananalysisofthevariationsofdurationofsinglevowelsandtheirproportionsinChineseandJapaneseinthecontextofdifferen

10、tcombinations.AndChapterFourisadetailedanalysisofthediferencebetweentheChineseaspiratedunaspiratedsoundsandtheJapaneseunvoicedvoicedsoundsintermsoftheproportionsofdurationatthestagesofresistanceformingresistancesustainin

11、gandresistanceremoving.ThesecondpartismadeupofChaptersFiveSixSevenEightNineTenElevenandTwelve.ChapterFivediscussesthepossessiverelationshipbetweenintonationandinformationsourcesthroughananalysisoftheChinesesounds“a“and“b

12、a“andtheJapanesesounds“yo“and“ne“.ChapterSixdiscussestherelationshipbetweensoundandgrammarandmeaningintheChinesesinglewordsentencesandtheJapaneseonesthroughacomparativestudyofthediferencebetweenChineseandJapaneseintheran

13、geofgrammarandmeaningaspresentedbytherisingtonednounsinglewordsentences.ChapterSevendiscussestherelationshipbetweensoundandmoodthroughacomparativestudyofthedifferentsoundfeaturesoftheadjectiveinChineseandJapaneseinsugges