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1、在中國(guó)文化“走出去”戰(zhàn)略的背景下,文化專(zhuān)有項(xiàng)英譯策略日漸成為譯界研究的重點(diǎn)。不同文本對(duì)象、不同理論視角決定了譯者對(duì)具體策略的選擇。模因論(memetics)是以達(dá)爾文進(jìn)化觀點(diǎn)解釋文化進(jìn)化規(guī)律的理論。在模因論視角下,翻譯活動(dòng)被看作是源語(yǔ)文化模因向目的語(yǔ)文化傳播的過(guò)程,譯者必須先解讀源語(yǔ)模因并被其感染,再用目標(biāo)語(yǔ)對(duì)源語(yǔ)模因進(jìn)行重新編碼,以目標(biāo)語(yǔ)為載體傳播源語(yǔ)模因。以此為依據(jù),異化策略成為文化模因傳播發(fā)展主體策略,歸化策略則作為異化的輔助手段
2、促使模因順利傳播。林語(yǔ)堂的英文長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《Moment in Peking》含有豐富的中國(guó)文化元素,其中基于文化獨(dú)特性產(chǎn)生的文化專(zhuān)有項(xiàng)在英文中沒(méi)有直接對(duì)應(yīng)表達(dá),因此該類(lèi)表達(dá)的創(chuàng)作過(guò)程被看作是中國(guó)文化專(zhuān)有項(xiàng)的翻譯過(guò)程。
本文將小說(shuō)中的文化專(zhuān)有項(xiàng)按照奈達(dá)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為五類(lèi),并以模因論為理論依據(jù),描述性分析其翻譯策略,即:代表異化策略特征的直譯、音譯、補(bǔ)償翻譯等翻譯方法可用于小說(shuō)類(lèi)文化專(zhuān)有項(xiàng)翻譯的主導(dǎo)策略,以此保持中國(guó)文化的原有韻味和異域
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