英語畢業(yè)論文家庭教育的典范——淺析《小婦人》中馬奇太太的教育方式

1、<p>　　畢 業(yè) 論 文（設(shè) 計(jì)）</p><p>　　題目：家庭教育的典范——淺析《小婦人》中馬奇太太的教育方式</p><p>　　（英文）：The Model of the Family Education</p><p>　　----- The Analysis of the Education Way of Mrs.March in Littl

2、e Women</p><p>　　The Model of the Family Education</p><p>　　----- The Analysis of the Education Way of Mrs.March in Little Women</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><

3、p>　　Little Women is an autobiographical novel, which records the growth process of four girls under their mother’s teaching in an ordinary family during the American civil war. This process is reflected by the conflic

4、ts of the four girls’ growing: performing traditional women duties or pursuing individual character development. Mrs. March is not a specialist in education, but she is a real educational art executor. She is the intimat

5、e friend of the daughters and sets a good family situation. </p><p>　　Key words: family atmosphere；practice；education</p><p><b>　　家庭教育的典范</b></p><p>　　——淺析《小婦人》中馬奇太太的教育方

6、式</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　摘要：美國女作家奧爾科特的《小婦人》一直深受廣大讀者的喜愛。小說中馬奇四姐妹的光輝品質(zhì)一直都是眾多讀者關(guān)注的對象，但是這四位優(yōu)秀女性的培養(yǎng)者——馬奇太太卻常常被人忽視。馬奇太太不是教育方面的專家，卻是真正的教育藝術(shù)的踐行者。可以從創(chuàng)造良好的家庭氛圍、做孩子的知心人、讓孩子從實(shí)踐中接受教育等三個(gè)方面了解&

7、lt;/p><p>　　馬奇太太的教育方式，這只是馬奇太太教育藝術(shù)的一部分，從馬奇太太身上我們可以借鑒和學(xué)習(xí)的家庭教育方式還有很多，如言傳身教、循循善誘、立身為范等等。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵字：教育方式；家庭氛圍；實(shí)踐；教育</p><p><b>　　Content</b></p><p>　　1. Introduct

8、ion1</p><p>　　2. The Reflection of Family Education in the Marches2</p><p>　　2.1. The Way of Family Education2</p><p>　　2.1.1.Talent Improvement2</p><p>　　2.1.2. La

9、nguage and Behavior2</p><p>　　2.1.3. Valuation Affirming5</p><p>　　2.2. The Effects of the Education Art for Children5</p><p>　　2.2.1. For Meg5</p><p>　　2.2.2.For J

10、o6</p><p>　　2.2.3 For Beth7</p><p>　　2.2.4 For Amy7</p><p>　　2.3. The Meaning of the Family Education8</p><p>　　2.3.1. The View of the All-around and Elementary Edu

11、cation8</p><p>　　2.3.2. The Favorable Value of the Family Education8</p><p>　　3. Conclusion9</p><p>　　References10</p><p>　　Acknowledgements11</p><p>

12、　　1. Introduction</p><p>　　1.1. Rationale and Significance </p><p>　　In the last few years, with the development of diathetic education stricken root into the hearts of people, the family educat

13、ion has been a hot spot of society, because good family education is closely related to children’s quality and behavior, and related to the future of our country. At present, the situation of family education is good, la

14、rge number of parents and schools have created successful experience, even many parents study the family education knowledge initiatively, so the education</p><p>　　In the past, there were some researches on

15、 the family education in the novel Little Women. For example, the doctrine of education and the childish standard, written by Yi Lexiang, personality and family education(Xu Qi), the travel of soul in growing-up ( Wang r

16、uixue), analyse the character structure in Little Women. While the novel talks about the disturbances and vexations which the four sisters experience, then tells us how they overcome difficulties and get success. Accordi

17、ng to the clue, th</p><p>　　1.2. Research Questions</p><p>　　There are three research questions in this thesis. The first is how Mrs. March educate her four children. The second one is what the

18、effects of the family education for the four children are. The third one is what the meaning of the family education is.</p><p>　　1.3. Outline of the Thesis</p><p>　　There are five chapters in t

19、his thesis. Part One is introduction. Part two is the reflection of family education in the Marches. Part three is the effects of the education art for children. Part four is the meaning of the family education. The last

20、 one is conclusion.</p><p>　　2. The Reflection of Family Education in the Marches</p><p>　　2.1. The Family Education Way</p><p>　　2.1.1. Talent Improvement </p><p>　　Li

21、ttle women mainly refers to the story in which the four sisters: Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy. They grow up in the difficult circumstance. The March sisters are industrious and kind, but each of them also has their shortcomings

22、. And their father’ letter encourages them to overcome their weaknesses, and improve their spirit self-cultivation. The writer Alcott. L. M named some chapters in the name of matters in the name of matters in the novel o

23、f the Pilgrim’s Progress, hinted that the sisters would re</p><p>　　2.1.2. Language and Behavior </p><p>　　Mr. and Mrs. March in the novel set a good example for their children. They play an ess

24、ential role in perfecting personalities in their grown-up. Mr.March, seeking perfection of moral, is a gentle prudent and over-intelligent man. He is also honest and loyal. And he always takes pity on everyone, so he is

25、the pillar of the family, while his wife is well-educated and reasonable, and knows how to teach by language and behavior. Just the excellent couple cultivates their four outstanding daughters.</p><p>　　Give

26、 them all my dear love and a kiss. Tell them I think of them by day, pray for them by night, and find my best comfort in their affection at all times. A year seems very long to wait before I see them, but remind them tha

27、t while we wait we may all work, so that these hard days need not be wasted. I know they will remember all I said to them, that they will be loving children to you, will do their duty faithfully, fight their enemies brav

28、ely, and conquer themselves when I come back to them, I </p><p>　　Next, the girls talk about what they should correct and perfect------Amy hides her face on her mother’s shoulder and sobs out, “I am a selfis

29、h girl! But I will try to be better, so he may not be disappointed I me.” “We all will!” cries Meg, “I think too much of my looks and hate to work, but won’t any more, if I can help it.” “I will try and be what he loves

30、to call me, a “l(fā)ittle woman”, and not be rough and wild, but do my duty here instead of wanting to be somewhere else.” says Jo, thinking th</p><p>　　He says, to Meg, he remembers a time when this hand was wh

31、ite and smooth, and her first care was to keep it so. It is very pretty then, but to him it is much prettier now--------for in these seeming blemishes he read a little history. A burnt offering has been made of vanity, t

32、his hardened palm has earned something better than blisters; and he is sure the sewing done by these pricked fingers will last a long time, so much goodwill goes into the stitches. He values the womanly skill which keeps

33、 h</p><p>　　For Jo, he says, in spite of the curly crisp, he doesn't see the “son Jo” whom he left a year ago, he sees a young lady who pins her collar straight, laces her boots neatly, and neither whist

34、les, talks slang, nor lay on the rug as she used to do. Her face is rather thin and pale just now, with watching and anxiety, but he likes to look at it, for it has grown gentler, and her voice is lower; she doesn’t boun

35、ce, but moves quietly, and takes care of a certain little person in a motherly way which </p><p>　　For Beth, he says, there is so little of her. He is afraid to say much, for fear she would slip away altoget

36、her, though she is not so shy as she used to be.</p><p>　　For Amy, he says, he observes that Amy takes drumsticks at dinner, runs errands for her mother all the afternoon, gives Meg her place tonight, and ha

37、s waited for everyone with patience and good humor. He also observes that she does not fret much nor look in the glass, and has not even mentioned a very pretty ring which she wore; so he concludes that she has learned t

38、o think of other people more and of herself less, and has decided to try and molded her character as carefully as she molded her li</p><p>　　While Mrs.March’s education to their daughters embodies in the dai

39、ly life, she let daughters’ send breakfast to a poor woman as a Christmas present. In the chapter of Playing Pilgrims, to make daughters understand that human existence and life is a really drama, Mrs. March’s talked: “W

40、e are playing all the time in one way or another. Our burdens are here, our road is before us, and the longing for goodness and happiness is the guide that leads us through many troubles and mistakes to the peace w</p

41、><p>　　2.1.3. Valuation Affirming</p><p>　　There are so many preaches in the novel. In the circumstance, the children are growing up, overcoming difficulties and correcting shortcomings. What’s mor

42、e important, the couple always set a good example with their own conducts. This is an important reason which let the children get success. For example, when Jo is anxious about how to get rid of her bad temper, and when

43、Meg is not getting well on with John. Mrs. March makes Jo understand that it would take a long time to correct bad temper with</p><p>　　2.2. The Effects of the Education Art for Children.</p><p>

44、;　　2.2.1. For Meg</p><p>　　Meg is a gentle and soft girl, and likes to perform, and writes dramas, but sometimes, she is vain, and easy to be allured by wealth and fame. After experiencing ups and downs of V

45、anity Fair, mother says she wants her daughters to be beautiful, accomplished, and good; to be admired, loved, and respected; to be loved and chosen by a good man is the best and the sweetest thing which can happen to a

46、woman, and she sincerely hopes her girls may know this beautiful experience. If her daughters marry </p><p>　　But later Meg is not vain any more. Because of this, her father thinks highly of her. She married

47、 John. Even after they get married, Meg also listens to her mother’s criticisms with an open mind. When she does not get on well with John because of housework and children, her mother told her: “John is a good man, but

48、he has his faults, and you must learn to see and bear with them, remembering your own. Peace and happiness depend on keeping his respect. Watch yourself, be the first to ask pardon if</p><p>　　She also tells

49、 Meg that she has only made the mistake that most young wives make-----forgets her duty to her husband in her love for her children. For children should draw her nearer than ever, not separate her, as if they were all he

50、r, and John has nothing to do but supporting them. Besides, she owes something to John as well as the babies; doesn’t neglect husband for children, doesn't shut him out of the nursery, but teaches him how to help in

51、it. His place is there as well as her, and the chi</p><p>　　Therefore, with the help of Mother, Meg and John have cleared up misunderstandings and live a happy life.</p><p>　　2.2.2. For Jo</p

52、><p>　　Jo is an active, lovely and outstanding girl. She is good at writing. And she has strongly responsibility for family and society, but she is impatient and rough.</p><p>　　When Jo’s booklet i

53、s burnt by Amy, Mother tells Jo, “My dear, don't let the sun go down upon your anger, forgive each other, help each other, and begin tomorrow. However, she refuses to forgive, shaking her head. Because of her stubbor

54、nness, she nearly makes a tragedy in ice-skating. At this time, she decides to correct bad temper. Mother catches the chance and tells her, “I have been trying to cure it for forty years, and have only succeeded in contr

55、olling it. I am angry nearly every day of my </p><p>　　2.2.3. For Beth </p><p>　　Beth is decided and pretty. She is a music fan and performance lover, but sometimes she is uncommunicative. And s

56、he has a heart of kindness for the world. But she is sentimental and susceptible, shy, crowd and self-abased. Beth is a nearly believer in the eyes of the author. She conquers timidity, and gets her beloved piano, and re

57、aches her “palace beautiful”. When their father is ill, Mother has to leave home to look after him. The four girls start to self-indulgent, for lacking of monitor and </p><p>　　2.2.4. For Amy</p><

58、p>　　Amy is charming and elegant. She has a deep love for art, especially drawing. And she has a strong sense of honor, so she suffers from corporal punishment for showing off and experiences her valley of humiliation.

59、 After this, Mother teaches her:</p><p>　　You are getting to be rather conceited, my dear, and it is quite time you set about correcting it. You have a good many little gifts and virtues, but there is no nee

60、d of parading them, for conceit spoils the finest genius. There is not much danger that real talent or goodness will be overlooked long; even if it is, the consciousness of possessing and using it well should satisfy and

61、 the great charm of all power is modesty.</p><p>　　Therefore, in the coming trade meeting, Amy does not take revenge on the woman who once snatched her booth, but helps her. What all she experienced is an ad

62、vantage for becoming a noble lady. She makes great progress.</p><p>　　2.3. The Meaning of the Family Education </p><p>　　2.3.1 The View of the All-around and Elementary Education</p><

63、p>　　The novel Little Women describes a peaceful family life and the four daughters’ state of mind. It is full of warm and fragrant atmosphere. And the book emphasizes that women should be independent and overcome diff

64、iculties and frustrations in the life and accepts optimistically the challenges. Meanwhile, women should understand the relationship between marriage and money. Money is a needful and precious thing, but it is not the fi

65、rst or only prize to strive for. The female cannot marry just for m</p><p>　　2.3.2. The Favorable Value of the Education</p><p>　　Because Mr. and Mrs. March conduct themselves in an example way,

66、 the daughters correct gradually their weakness, and conquer hardship. At last, the Marches lead a happy life. Mrs. March promotes that female cannot marry only for money, and the common people own a great deal of real h

67、appiness. Her marriage mind has an effect on their daughters. Taking Meg and Jo for an example, both of them live in a poor condition, and give up going for money. Besides, Mrs. March is kind and virtuous. Even if La<

68、/p><p>　　3. Conclusion</p><p>　　Family is the first life circumstance for children. It plays an important role in the growing-up of children, and affects on their future to some extent. The thesis

69、has analyzed the family education in the novel Little Women and its influence. It is an advantage for people to know how to play their own role in the family. Meanwhile, it provides the theory about it. Family education

70、idea should be modernized, so people should reject obsolete educational idea, keep pace with the times. The modern </p><p>　　Family educational idea should be modernized, people should reject obsolete educat

71、ional idea, keep pace with the times. The modern home education content and method in modern family education need science, and educational method needs modernization. Establish modern family educational mechanism, make

72、family educational management standardized. Establish family educational service system, lay down the institution for ensuring the implement of measures.</p><p>　　References</p><p>　　[1]奧爾科特.小婦人

73、[M].金曉非,譯.北京:北京燕山出版社,2000.</p><p>　　[2]張祖榮.創(chuàng)設(shè)良好的家庭教育氛圍[J].南通師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào):哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版,1999,(1).</p><p>　　[3]徐燕.淺談家庭教養(yǎng)方式、家庭氛圍對青少年成長的影響[J].管理觀察,2009,(6).</p><p>　　[4]徐忠心.給家長們的八條建議[J].教育,2006,(15

74、).</p><p>　　[5]波佚瓦·西蒙·德．《第二性》(陶鐵拄譯)[M]．北京：中國書籍出版社。2004。</p><p>　　[6]克萊妮·詹妮特·九(女權(quán)主義哲學(xué)問題。理論和應(yīng)用)北京：東方出版社．2006。</p><p>　　[7]康正杲．《女性主義與文學(xué)》[M]．北京：中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社．1994。</p

75、><p>　　[8]李巧玲．對<小婦人>主題的評析[J]．《成都教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》，2006(9)。</p><p>　　[9]李銀河．《女性主義》[M]．濟(jì)南：山東人民出版社，2005。</p><p>　　[10]林樹明．《多維視野中的女性主義文學(xué)批評》．北京：中國社會(huì)科學(xué)出版社．2004。</p><p>　　Acknowledgm

76、ents</p><p>　　First, I would like to express my special gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Xu, for his kind support, encouragement and guidance throughout all the stages of the writing of this thesis. I have be

77、nefited greatly from his sagacious perception and illuminating instruction. It is his valuable guidance that makes this thesis possible.</p><p>　　Second, I should give my hearty thanks to all the other profe

78、ssors and teachers at the Department of Foreign Language, especially Professor Dou, Professor He, Zhang Yanlin, Shi Min as well as Wang Haiyan, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the various courses during my uni

79、versity.</p><p>　　Third, my thanks would go to my kind-hearted roommates for their constant help and encouragement in the past four years when we spent together. Their assistance and consideration, both in m

80、y study and in daily life, enriched my campus experiences and brought me happiness, which is of great fortune to my whole life. I also show my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who give me their he

81、lp and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult cou</p><p>　　At last, I owe an enormous debt to both my parents and other family members, who have showed me their unwa