細胞因子及其受體

1、11 細胞因子及其受體,Cytokine and cytokine receptors,,,History for the research of the cytokines,? In 1957，Interferon （IFN ） was found ? In 1969， termed lymphokine ? In1974，denominated cytokine

2、 ? cytokinology； ?international cytokine society ?《 Cytokine 》 ? Companies for developing cytokines in many countries,Cytockines are low-molecular-weight regulatory proteins or g

3、lycoproteins secreted by white blood cells and various cells (vascular endothelial cell, epidermic cell and fibroblast ) in body in response to a number of stimuli.,Cytokine,由免疫細胞和某些非免疫細胞（如血管內皮細胞、表皮細胞和成纖維細胞等）經刺激而合成分泌的一類小

4、分子量可溶性糖蛋白或蛋白多肽。,細胞因子 (cytokine),Cytokine gene,Inducing stimulus,,Cytokine-producing cell,,,,,,,,,Cytokine,Gene activation,,,Receptor,signal,,,,,,Biological effects,Overview of the induction and function of Cytokine,生物學效

5、應：免疫細胞之間的信息交換及相互調節(jié)依賴于細胞因子。細胞因子除了介導、調節(jié)局部和全身免疫應答和炎癥反應過程之外，還對傷口愈合、造血干細胞再生與分化密切相關。,,,,,-S-S-,-S-S-,-S-S-,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,CC C C,C1C3C2,C1C3C2,C1C3C2,C1C3C2,,,G 蛋白,細胞因子受體,Biological effects ：

6、 Regulation and transfer of the information between the immune cells ;Mediation and regulation of the immune response and inflammation;Relationship with the wound hea

7、ling , the regeneration and differentiation of the hemopoietic stem cells,,,,,-S-S-,-S-S-,-S-S-,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,CC C C,C1C3C2,C1C3C2,C1C3C2,C1C3C2,,,G 蛋白,cytokine receptors,Biological

8、 effects of the cytokines,Anti-infection and antitumorImmune regulationapoptosisStimulating the proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic stem cellsPromote the growth and differentiation of various cellsParti

9、cipation and regulation of the inflammatory responsesCytokine abnormalities in the pathogenesis in certain diseases Participation of the never--endocrine-immunity net,細胞因子的主要生物學效應,抗感染和抗腫瘤作用免疫調節(jié)作用參與細胞凋亡刺激造血細胞增埴分化促進各

10、種細胞的生長和分化參與和調節(jié)炎癥反應細胞異?？蓪е录膊〉陌l(fā)生參與神經-內分泌-免疫網絡,參與免疫應答與免疫調節(jié) 免疫應答識別（感應）階段IFN刺激APC MHC-II的表達IL-1輔助T細胞活化IL-10抑制抗原遞呈免疫應答細胞擴增階段IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6等促進T、B細胞的增殖與分化TGF- b 抑制淋巴細胞增殖,參與神經-內分泌-免疫網絡細胞因子對神經內分泌：IL-1、IL-6、

11、TNF 等直接參與神經系統(tǒng)的正常發(fā)育和損傷修復IL-1、TNF、IFN-g、PAF等誘導垂體釋放ACTH，進而促進腎上腺皮質激素的釋放應激時兒茶酚氨和糖皮質類固醇分泌增多，進而抑制IL-1、TNF的合成。在免疫應答過程中，免疫細胞之間通過細胞因子相互刺激、彼此約束，對免疫應答進行調節(jié)，維持免疫系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)平衡。,1.白細胞介素(interleukin,IL) 2.集落刺激因子（colony stimulating fac

12、tor,CSF).3.干擾素（interferon,IFN)4.腫瘤壞死因子（tumor necrosis factor,TNF)5.趨化因子（chemokine) 6.生長因子(growth factor,GF),細胞因子的種類,,Interleukin, IL interleukins are secreted by some leukocytes and act upon other leukocytes, I

13、L-1~IL-23 have been identified.Colony stimulating factor, CSF The cytokines that stimulate hemopoietic cells to form cell colony, Participate hemopoietic function are called CSF, for example GM-CSF,G-CSF,M-CSF,

14、Epo,Tpo,,GM-CSF,,具有干細胞集落刺激活性的細胞因子,,主要產生細胞,作,,用,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,SCF,纖維母細胞，肝細胞，內皮細胞，,上皮細胞，基質細胞,所有類型的造血干細胞，黑色素,細胞，肥大細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,IL-3,T,細胞,中性粒細胞，單核細胞，紅細胞，,嗜堿性粒細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,IL-5,T,細胞

15、,嗜酸性粒細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,IL-11,基質細胞，纖維母細胞,所有類型的造血干細胞，血小板,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,GM-CSF,T,細胞，單核細胞，內皮細胞，纖,維母細胞,中性粒細胞，單核細胞，嗜酸性,粒細胞，樹突細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,G-CSF,單核細胞，纖維母細胞，,中性粒細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,M-CSF,單核細胞，淋巴細胞

16、，纖維母細胞，,內皮細胞，上皮細胞,單核細胞，胎盤滋養(yǎng)細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,EPO,腎臟細胞,紅細胞,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,TPO,腎，肝,血小板,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,集落刺激因子的作用,,Interferon,IFN the cytokines that resist viral infection, a

17、nd interfere viral replication, including IFN?, IFN?( type I); IFN?( type II )Tumor necrosis factor,TNF the cytokines that induce directly apoptosis of tumor cells, including TNF?, TNF? (Lymphotoxin, T） , FASL, CD70

18、L, CD30L, CD40L, OX40L, TRAIL (TNF related apoptosis-inducing ligand,Growth factor the cytokines that promote growth of various cells, epidermal growth factor，insulin-like growth factor，vascular endothelial growt

19、h factorChemokine chemokines, a group of low-molecular-weight cytokinws including interleuki 8, that affect chemotaxis and other aspects of leukocyte behavior.,,,Chemokine causes the cellular morphologic alteration,

20、11-1 main properties of the cytokines,autocrine,endocrine,Binding to target cells in distant parts of the body.,paracrine,Binding to receptors on a target cell in close proximity to the producer cells,1. action manners,

21、Bind to receptors on the membrane of the same cell that secreted it,肥大細胞,胸腺細胞,B,,,,IL-4,活化、增殖、分化,增殖,增殖,2. 多效性pleiotropy,IL-2、 IL-4、 IL-5,,IL-4 + IL-5,B細胞,IL-4,IFN-?,5. 拮抗性antagonism,3. 重疊性redundancy,4.協(xié)同性synergy,

22、均有刺激B細胞增殖的功能,更有效地誘導IgE類別轉換,IL-4 阻斷IFN- ? 誘導類別轉化的作用,B,B,B,,On stimulation, rapid synthesis , release , action and degragation.,6. rapidity,7. high potency,Infinitesimal cytokines perform remarkable biological effects（pM,1

23、0-12 M).,,細胞因子受體,免疫球蛋白超家族（IgsF）造血細胞因子受體超家族（HCKRsF）趨化因子受體超家族（ChRsF）TFN受體超家族（TNFRsF）IFN受體家族,Soluble cytokine receptors (sCKR),Producing matter: ? Most of them break off from the member receptors ? Secrete r

24、eceptor,IL-1IL-6IL-12 和 IL-18TNF,,,11-2 The cytokines produced by macrophages,1. activating T cells2. stimulating proliferation of B cell and antibody secreting3. inducing acute

25、 phase response of liver4. inducing macrophage activation5. trigging inflammation and fever6. stimulating regeneration of hemopoietic stem cells,The functions of IL-1,macrophage,,,,,,,,,,IL-1,,TNF-a 157 aa,tumor necr

26、osis factor,TNF,Two types:,TNF-a,,TNF-b ( lymphotoxin- a, LT- a),TNF-b = LTa 171 aa,Activated macrophage,,,,,Homology 28%Same receptorsSame bioactivities,Activated T cell,Up-regulation of the cytokine production(IL-2,

27、 IL-4, g –IFN,CSF) and expression of IL-2 receptor,TNF-a,Inducing differentiation up-regulation of antibody production,Up-regulation of production prostaglandin and cytokines (IL-1, IL-6,IL-8,GM-CSF),Chemotaxis and

28、activation of neutrophil,Stimulating production of CSF Up-regulation of hemopoiesis,Bioactivities of TNF-a,11-3 cytokine produced by T cells,,IL-2,,,IFN-gIL-4IL-5IL-10,Th1 和 Th2 細 胞 的 分 化,Th1-Th2 分 泌 細 胞 因

29、 子 的 相 互 調 節(jié) 及 其 效 應,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,B細胞,,IgG 2a,Tc 細胞 活化,巨噬細胞 活化,B細胞,,IgM ，IgG 1， IgA， IgE,肥大細胞生長,嗜酸性粒細胞生長與分化,,,,,

30、,,,,,,,B 細胞，巨噬細胞,Th2細胞，肥大細胞,,,IL-12,IL-4,IL-10,IFN-g,Th1,IFN-g,IL-12,IL-4 , IL-110 , IL-13,IL-2,IFN-g,TNF-b,IL-12,IL-3 IL-4,Th2,IL-10,IL-5,IL-4,Immune bioactivities of IL-2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,IL-1,g-IFN IL-4 IL

31、-5 IL-6,,,,,,,,,,Th1,,,,,,,,,,Th1,APC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Mj,,,,,呈遞抗原,抗原,,,,,,,,,,,,活化T細胞（IL-2產生的前體細胞）,,,,Th1,,,,,,,,,,,增殖分化并分泌抗體,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Th1,,Th1,,B,,,,,,抗原刺激,,分化,復制,IL-2反應細胞 （TH 或TC 細胞）,IL-2 的 生 物 學

32、 作 用,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,IL-1,g-IFN IL-4 IL-5 IL-6,,,,,,,,,,Th1,,,,,,,,,,Th1,APC,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Mj,,,,,Antigen presentation,antigen,,,,,,,,,,,,Activation of T cell ( precursor producing IL-2）,,,,Th1,,,,,,,,,,

33、,proliferation, differentiation Secretion of antibody,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Th1,,Th1,,B,,,,,,antigen,,differentiation,replication,IL-2 reactive cells （Th or TC ）,Immune bioactivities of IL-2,Type I interferon ：IFN-?, IFN

34、-? anti-virus,Type II interferon : IFN-?, immune regulation,interferon, IFN,CD8+T cell, CD4 + T cell, NK cell,,,Virus-infected cells,Immune biological effects of IFN-?,11-4 Cytokine and clinical application,related dise

35、ases ： deficiency of cytokines and receptors overexpression of cytokines high lever of soluble cytokine receptorsTherapeutic use of cytokines and their receptors：

36、supply and addition blockage and antagonist,Common diseases,Infectious diseasestumorPlantation rejectionhematocytopeniahypersensitivityAutoimmune diseases,細胞因子引起的病理反應,大劑量TNF?注射造成惡液質的小鼠模型,細胞因子與臨床治療,細胞因子抑制

37、劑的臨床應用 可溶性TNF?受體治療類風濕關節(jié)炎 IL-1受體拮抗劑（IL-1ra）治療類風濕關節(jié)炎 DAB389-IL-2免疫毒素治療T細胞淋巴瘤 抗TNF?抗體治療腸道自身免疫炎癥,細胞因子抑制劑 用于治療炎癥，自身免疫病，移植排斥，休克,進入臨床實驗的細胞因子抑制劑,,已批準上市的細胞因子基因工程藥物,,正進行臨床試驗的細胞因子基因工程藥物,,11-7 細胞因子調節(jié)網絡,IL-6刺激APC

38、 活化B細胞,,,IL-8趨化中性粒細胞,PDGF纖維母細胞等的增殖,TGF-b 傷口愈和，抗炎，血管發(fā)生,,,IL-1T細胞活化APR刺激,,,TNF-a細胞毒作用，刺激細胞因子的分泌，MHC分子的合成,,,IL-11,G-CSF,M-CSF,GM-CSF造血,IL-12活化NK細胞，TH1/TH2細胞分化,,,,,IL- 4,,骨髓基質細胞,IL-1 IL-6 IL-7 SCF,,造血干細胞,IL

39、-1 IL-6 IL-11 TNF-a GM-CSF G-CMF M-CSF,單核細胞,中性粒細胞,嗜酸性粒細胞,,IL-1 IL-8 TNF-a,IL-1 TNF-a,,,IL-10 IL- 4,,IL- 4 IL-6,,IL-10 IL-13 IL-4 TGF-b,,,IL-4 IL-5 IL-6 IL-13 IL-10 TGF-b,,IL-4,IL-4,內皮細胞,,IL-4,,IL-4,,IL-2 IFN-g,,

40、IL-10 IL-13 IL-4,NK1+T,NK 細胞,,IFN-g,,IL-2,,IL-2 IFN-g,,IL-2,,IL-2 IL-12,,G-CMF IFN-g GM-CSF,IL-12,,,IL-1 TNF-a TGF-b PDGF FGF,M-CSF GM-CSF,,內皮細胞,纖維母細胞,下 丘 腦,,IL-1 TNF-a,M-CSF GM-CSF,,,IL-1 IL-6 TNF-a,,,IL- 4,IL