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1、CivilWarReconstruction:Lecture21TranApril82008backProfessDavidBlight:ReconstructionisthatperiodofAmericanhistythatIthinkstillIknowstillisshtshriftedinthewayspeopletendtolearnAmericanhistyinthissocietyfwhateverthereasons.

2、Partofthereasonmaybethatitsmessycomplicatedpartofthereasonmaybethatitsfullofviolencepartofthereasonmaybethatitsjustnotaseasytofindgoodheroespartofthereasonmaybethatitcomesaftersuchatotalalloutsomemaysayinsomanywaysagliou

3、swar.asKenhStamppagreathistianonceputituntil1865therewasglyenoughtogoaroundbutafter1865wherewastheglyItsalsobeenaperiodinwhichwevealmostinsistedIwonderjusthowyouhavelearnedaboutthisbefeifthiswereasmallerclassIwouldaskyou

4、butitsasthoughourculturestillinsistsfromthisperiodofourhistythatitbeamelodramasomekindofmelodramawithwellasufficientnumberofheroesasufficientnumberofvillainsamelodramathatusuallyendsupwithastyofanoppressedSouthmuchinneed

5、ofoursympathy.NowIveputapieceofwdsuphereinfrontofyou.Iwalkedbacktoseeifyoucouldreadit.Idothinkmostofyouintheroomcanreadit.Justholdontothepapersuntiltheendplease.ThisistheThirteenthAmendment.WeregoingtolookattheThirteenth

6、theFourteenthtodayatleastIllgetyouuptotheFourteenthAmendment.IftheCivilWarReconstructionwereasecondfoundingIllputthe“if“onthatalthoughfthenextthreeweeksImgoingtoarguethatifitwasasecondfoundingasecondrevolutionofsomekindt

7、hatsecondfoundingisintheThirteenththeFourteenththeFifteenthAmendmentstotheConstitution.ReadtheThirteenthwithme.ItsthesimplestshtestotherthantheactualpartsoftheBillofRightsitsthesimplestshtestamendmentintheU.S.Constitutio

8、n.Itoutlawsslaveryinvoluntaryservitudeexceptfimprisonmentfcrime.thenithasthatveryverysimpleSectionTwo:“Congressshallhavepowertoenfcethisarticlebyappropriatelegislation.ThatisalmostinsomewaysaprcisfwhatReconstructionwillb

9、ecome.WhatwillconstituteappropriatelegislationtoenfceblackfreedomIputituptodayinparttoobecausejustthisweekendIwasoutlecturinginSpringfieldIllinoisatthenewAbrahamLincolnPresidentialLibraryitsamagnificentplaceifyouhaventbe

10、enthere.Itsamuseumfulloflotsofwaxfigures.TheresatleastonelifesizewaxofLincolnineverybloodyroomsometimestwoofthemthentheyusehologramsheappearsallovertheplace.Itsalittleweirdscary.Butattheendofthewholedayeveningtheytookmed

11、owninthevaultaskedmeifIwantedtoseesomespecialdocumentsspecialpossessions.TheyshowedmeoneofLincolnsthreeexistingtophatstheyshowedmethecastofhishIgottotouch.TheyshowedmepersonalnoteshewrotetopardondesertersfromtheUnionArmy

12、.Theyshowedmeallkindsofthings.ButoneofthethingstheyshowedmewastheiginaldraftthehwrittendraftbytheclerkoftheHouseofRepresentativesoftheThirteenthAmendmentthensignedby“A.Lincoln“mostofthemembersoftheHouseatleastthosewhocho

13、setosignit.Irealized“damnthatthingisreal.“maybecauseintheSouththathadlosteverythingexceptitsfaithinwhitesupremacyHowdoyoufoldblackfreedomintowhitesupremacyHowdoyoufoldwhitesupremacyintoblackfreedomCantheyeverbecouldthose

14、everbereconciledwhatiftheycantLincolnspokeofatestingintheGettysburgAddressifyourememberthefamousspeechtestingwhetherthatnationanynationsoconceivedcouldlongendure.Thetestingofthewarinsomewayswouldbecomeeasierthanthetestin

15、gthecountrywouldnowfacewithReconstruction.finallyputyetanotherwayIwroteaboutthisattoomuchlengthinabookcalledRaceReunionthechallengeofReconstructionitsthechallengewevehadeversinceishowdoyoudotwoprofoundthingsatthesametime

16、Onewashealingtheotherwasjustice.HowdoyouhavethembothWhattrulyconstituteshealingofapeopleofanationthatssufferedthisscaleofviolencedestructionhowdoyouhavejusticejusticefwhomHereswhatLincolnsaidnexttothelastdayofhislifenoth

17、reedaysbefehewasshot.ItwashislastpublicutterancefromabalconyattheWhiteHouse.HewasdiscussingReconstruction.HisaudiencethatdaywantedtojusthearaboutthegliesoftheendingofthewarhegavethemalittleminilectureonReconstructionbeca

18、useitspreciselywhathewasdealingwith.Hesaidthis:“Reconstructionispressedmuchmecloselyuponourattentionnow.Itisfraughtwithgreatdifficulty.Unlikethecaseofawarbetweenindependentnationsthereisnoauthizedganfustotreatwith.Noonem

19、anhasauthitytogiveuptherebellionfanyotherman.Wesimplymustbeginwithmoldfromdisganizeddiscdantelementswithall.Sonewunprecedentedisthewholecasethatnoexclusiveinflexibleplancansafelybeprescribedastodetailbutimptantprinciples

20、mustbeinflexible.“ThatsclassicLincoln.“Nooneplanmustwenecessarilycommittobutwemuststicktosomeprinciples.“ItsLincolnthepragmatisttryingtofigureitout.thenhesdead.Butbacktowartimeatleastfafewminutes.ThedebateoverReconstruct

21、ionasitwillplayoutthroughthenextthreeyearsfouryearsreallyfiveyearsupto187071isthedebatethatensuedbetweenLincolnhisownpartyleadershipinCongressasearlyaslate1863.HeresLincolnsplanagainyoucanreadallofthisinFonersShtHistyofR

22、econstructionbutletmegiveittoyouatleastinbriefterms.YoullrememberIsaidtheotherdaythatLincolnwantedReconstructiontobepresidentiallenientquick.HewasopenlyfriendlytoSouthernershiswholelifeasIsupposeeverybodyknows.Hisfourbro

23、therinlawshadfoughtftheConfederacyetceteraetcetera.HewasbninKentucky.HedidnotreallyhaveanykindofpersonalvindictivenesstowardsSouthernersthewaymanyothersintheRepublicanPartywillhavetheyllhavereasonstohavethat.Somehaveargu

24、edasKenhStampponcedidthatLincolnactuallyhadadeeppersonalneedfpersonalabsolutionthathecarriedthishrifyingburdenofallthatdeaththathetookitashispersonalresponsibilitythatthisityfallmalicetowardnonetheleniencyinLincolnsRecon

25、structionideasissomehowrootedinthatsenseofpersonalresponsibilityfallthesuffering.Theremaybesomethingtothat.ButhisReconstructionpolicysuchasheputitinplaceatleastfawhilewasrootedinhisConstitutionalphilosophy.Lincolnnumbero

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