手術(shù)室的準(zhǔn)備與消毒

1、第三節(jié) 手術(shù)室的準(zhǔn)備與消毒,1.足夠的面積和空間，大動(dòng)物不小于40~50m2，小動(dòng)物不小于25m2，房間高度 2.8~3.0m。2.便于清潔和消毒。,,一、手術(shù)室的準(zhǔn)備,3.良好的給排水系統(tǒng)。 4.足夠的照明設(shè)備(不含專用手術(shù)燈)5.較好的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，有條件時(shí)可以裝恒箱換氣機(jī)。 門窗應(yīng)密封，防塵良好。,7.最好分別設(shè)置無(wú)菌手術(shù)室和染菌手術(shù)室。如無(wú)條件，一般化膿感染手術(shù)最好安排在其他的地方進(jìn)行。如在室內(nèi) 做過(guò)感染化膿手術(shù)，必須在

2、術(shù)后及時(shí)嚴(yán)格消毒手術(shù)室。,6.保持適當(dāng)?shù)臏囟?，?0~25℃為宜。有條件時(shí)可以安裝冷暖兩用空調(diào)機(jī)。,8. 手術(shù)室內(nèi)僅應(yīng)放置重要的器具，一切不必要的器具、與手術(shù)無(wú)關(guān)的用具，都不得擺放在手術(shù)室里。,9. 設(shè)立必要的附屬用房，包括更衣室、消毒室、準(zhǔn)備室(洗手、著衣)、洗刷室、單獨(dú)的器械室及廁所和淋浴室。房間安排既應(yīng)毗鄰，又要合理。,10.設(shè)置儀器設(shè)備的存貯間，用以存放麻醉機(jī)、呼吸機(jī)以及常用的檢測(cè)儀器、麻醉藥品和急救藥品。存貯間應(yīng)防潮，不設(shè)上下

3、水系統(tǒng)。,二、手術(shù)室的消毒,（一）紫外光燈照射消毒 可有效地凈化空氣（二）化學(xué)藥物熏蒸消毒1.40%甲醛加熱熏蒸2ml/m3加等量水2.40%甲醛加其毫升數(shù)1/2的高錳酸鉀3.乳酸熏蒸消毒10~20ml/100m3加等量常水,三、室外手術(shù)場(chǎng)地的貯備與消毒,普通房舍內(nèi)盡量創(chuàng)造接近手術(shù)室的條件。廄舍內(nèi)特別注意環(huán)境清潔和消毒選擇晴朗無(wú)風(fēng)的天氣，地面平坦的空地或草地上進(jìn)行。,需站立保定時(shí)，可利用林中樹(shù)干或臨時(shí)設(shè)置保定柱欄。無(wú)

4、論何種環(huán)境，必須盡可能做到清潔，徹底消毒。,,The sterile corridor immediately adjacent to the surgery room.Stainless steel and glass cabinets，mounted in the walls，open from either the operating room or the corridor. Electronically controlled

5、sliding glass door to the surgery room close automatically.,The anesthesia-surgical preparation room.The preparation cabinet should be self-contained with the pipeline outlets，lighting，and lock boxes located in a conveni

6、ent manner.,The operating room should be well lighted，easily cleaned，and well equipped.,The operating microscope or some other form of magnification equipment is indispensable，especially for eye and microsurgical techni

7、ques.,Basic clinical pathology capabilities should be available in close proximity to the intensive care ward,Warming cabinets provide a ready source of warm fluids or blankets for the hypothermic patient.,Stainless stee

8、l scrub sinks with knee-operated water valves and soap dispensers.,Decontamination room with trash compactor，pass-through window into the instrument cleaning and packing room，cleaning supplies，and laundry chute.,Laundry

9、 and sterilizing room with commercial washer and dryers，stem and gas sterilizers，and laundry chutes and dumb waiter communicating with the surgery area above.,Instrument cleaning and packing room.,Emergency drug and equi