手術室的準備與消毒

1、第三節(jié) 手術室的準備與消毒,1.足夠的面積和空間，大動物不小于40~50m2，小動物不小于25m2，房間高度 2.8~3.0m。2.便于清潔和消毒。,,一、手術室的準備,3.良好的給排水系統(tǒng)。 4.足夠的照明設備(不含專用手術燈)5.較好的通風系統(tǒng)，有條件時可以裝恒箱換氣機。 門窗應密封，防塵良好。,7.最好分別設置無菌手術室和染菌手術室。如無條件，一般化膿感染手術最好安排在其他的地方進行。如在室內(nèi) 做過感染化膿手術，必須在

2、術后及時嚴格消毒手術室。,6.保持適當?shù)臏囟龋?0~25℃為宜。有條件時可以安裝冷暖兩用空調(diào)機。,8. 手術室內(nèi)僅應放置重要的器具，一切不必要的器具、與手術無關的用具，都不得擺放在手術室里。,9. 設立必要的附屬用房，包括更衣室、消毒室、準備室(洗手、著衣)、洗刷室、單獨的器械室及廁所和淋浴室。房間安排既應毗鄰，又要合理。,10.設置儀器設備的存貯間，用以存放麻醉機、呼吸機以及常用的檢測儀器、麻醉藥品和急救藥品。存貯間應防潮，不設上下

3、水系統(tǒng)。,二、手術室的消毒,（一）紫外光燈照射消毒 可有效地凈化空氣（二）化學藥物熏蒸消毒1.40%甲醛加熱熏蒸2ml/m3加等量水2.40%甲醛加其毫升數(shù)1/2的高錳酸鉀3.乳酸熏蒸消毒10~20ml/100m3加等量常水,三、室外手術場地的貯備與消毒,普通房舍內(nèi)盡量創(chuàng)造接近手術室的條件。廄舍內(nèi)特別注意環(huán)境清潔和消毒選擇晴朗無風的天氣，地面平坦的空地或草地上進行。,需站立保定時，可利用林中樹干或臨時設置保定柱欄。無

4、論何種環(huán)境，必須盡可能做到清潔，徹底消毒。,,The sterile corridor immediately adjacent to the surgery room.Stainless steel and glass cabinets，mounted in the walls，open from either the operating room or the corridor. Electronically controlled

5、sliding glass door to the surgery room close automatically.,The anesthesia-surgical preparation room.The preparation cabinet should be self-contained with the pipeline outlets，lighting，and lock boxes located in a conveni

6、ent manner.,The operating room should be well lighted，easily cleaned，and well equipped.,The operating microscope or some other form of magnification equipment is indispensable，especially for eye and microsurgical techni

7、ques.,Basic clinical pathology capabilities should be available in close proximity to the intensive care ward,Warming cabinets provide a ready source of warm fluids or blankets for the hypothermic patient.,Stainless stee

8、l scrub sinks with knee-operated water valves and soap dispensers.,Decontamination room with trash compactor，pass-through window into the instrument cleaning and packing room，cleaning supplies，and laundry chute.,Laundry

9、 and sterilizing room with commercial washer and dryers，stem and gas sterilizers，and laundry chutes and dumb waiter communicating with the surgery area above.,Instrument cleaning and packing room.,Emergency drug and equi