考研英語二真題及解析

1、120142014年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(二)試題試題SectionSectionIUseUseofofEnglishEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwd(s)feachnumberedblankmarkABCDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstu

2、dieshave__1___thatnmalweightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.therearehealthconditionsfwhichbeingoverweightisactually___2___.Fexampleheavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficie

3、ncythanthinwomen.___3___amongtheelderlybeingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan___4___ofgoodhealth.Ofevengreater___5___isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined___6___bodymassindexBMI.BMI___7__bodyma

4、ssdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenmalweight.Between2530isoverweight.over30isconsideredobese.Obesity___8___canbedividedintomoderatelyobeseseverelyobeseveryseverelyobese.Whilesuchnum

5、ericalstardsseem9theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpo11.Fexamplemanycollegiateprofessionalfootballplayers12asobesethoughtheirp

6、ercentagebodyfatislow.Converselysomeonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15_inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityinclu

7、delazinesslackofwillpowerlowerprospectsfsuccess.Teachersemployershealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharbbiasesagainsttheobese._17_veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweightteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminsch

8、ools.Negativeattitudestowardobesity_18_inhealthconcernshavestimulatedanumberofantiobesity_19_.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossfitnessinitiatives.MichelleObam

9、alaunchedahighvisibilitycampaign_20_childhoodobesityevenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.1.[A]denied[B]concluded[C]doubled[D]ensured2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome3.[A]Inst

10、ead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefe4.[A]indicat[B]objective[C]igin[D]example5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern6.[A]intermsof[B]incaseof[C]infavof[D]inof3oneselfluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparin

11、gly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonaldsrestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib—amarketingtrickthathasturnedthepkswichintoanobjectofobsession.ReadersofHappyMoneyareclearlyaprivilegedlotanxiousaboutfulfillmentnothunger.M

12、oneymaynotquitebuyhappinessbutpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichpopeoplearoundthewldscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsf

13、mostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauths’policyideaswhichrangefrommatingmeholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesfAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent.21.AccdingtoDumnNtonwhi

14、chofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase[A]Abighouse.[B]Aspecialtour.[C]Astylishcar.[D]Arichmeal.22.TheauthsattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVis________.[A]critical[B]supptive[C]sympathetic[D]ambiguous23.McRibismention

15、edinParagraph3toshowthat________.[A]consumersaresometimesirrational[B]popularityusuallycomesafterquality[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure24.AccdingtothelastparagraphHappyMoney________

16、.[A]hasleftmuchroomfreaders’criticism[B]mayprovetobeawthwhilepurchase[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapintheUS[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto________.[A]balancefeelinggoodspendingmoney[

17、B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent[D]becomemereasonableinspendingonluxuriesText2AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthatactuallyyouthinkyou’remeb

18、eautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeepseatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselveswenaturallyemployanumberofselfenhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhattheycallthe“aboveaverageeffect”“illusysuperiity”shownthatfexample70%ofusrateourselvesasab

19、oveaverageinleadership93%indriving85%atgettingonwellwithothers—allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.Werosetintourmemiesputourselvesintoselfaffirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticizedapplynegativestereotypestoot

20、herstoboostourownesteemwestalkaroundthinkingwe’rehotstuff.PsychologistbehavialscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoselfenhancementattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothersheaskedt

21、hemtoidentifyaniginalphotographofthemselves’fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmelessattractive.Visualrecognitionreadsthestudyis“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyintuitivelywithlittlenoap

22、parentconsciousdeliberation”.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage—whichmustdid—theygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooked.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Nwasthereanyevidencethatthosewho

23、selfenhancethemust(thatistheparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctedpicturewerereal)weredoingsotomakeupfprofoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycresponded

24、withthosewhoshowedothermakersfhavinghigherselfesteem.“Idontthinkthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”saysEpley.“Itsareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellofthemselves’.Ifyouaredepressedyouwo

25、ntbeselfenhancing.KnowingtheresultsofEpleysstudyitmakessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesviscerally—ononeleveltheydontevenrecognizethepersoninthepictureasthemselves.Facebooktherefeisaselfenhancersparadisewhere

26、peoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotosthecreamoftheirwitstylebeautyintellectlifestyles.“Itsnotthatpeoplesprofilesaredishonest”saysCatalinaTomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity”buttheyptrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.26.Ac