《社會理論》96-12真題

1、Manipulatisnowusedasaindustrialrobotsinusethecontrolobjectivesoftenappearofteninindustrialautomation.Industrialautomationtechnologyhasgraduallymaturedasmatureatechnologylinehasbeenrapiddevelopmentinindustrialautomationas

2、aseparatesubject.Manipulatapplicationbegantofilterintoweldinglogisticsmechanicalprocessingotherindustries.Especiallyathighverylowtemperaturesfullofpoisonousgaseshighradiationcaserobotinsimilarcircumstancesshowedgreatusea

3、lsobringsgreatconveniencetothestaff.Preciselybecauseofthisrobottogetpeoplesattentionbegantobeahighdegreeofdevelopment.Labrateswkingconditionslabintensiveaspectsofpromotingdevelopment.BothathomeabroadtodevelopthePLC(progr

4、ammablelogiccontroller)isinvariousspecialcircumstancesunderspecialconditionssetfmechanicaldevices.NowturnedonthedevelopmentofthemicroelectronicsautomaticcontroltechnologytherapiddevelopmentofthetrainsthesuccessofPLChardw

5、aresoftwaresimulationcontrolwinbigsuccessfuldevelopmentnowcontinuestodevelopasafactyautomationstards.Becauserobotsaregooddevelopmentofthetechnologymakesagoodoptimizationofproductivecapitalrobotshowsthisuniqueadvantagessu

6、chas:hasgoodcompatibilitywideavailabilityhardwareiscompleteprogrammingthatcanbemasteredinashttimesointhecontextofindustrialPLCapplicationsbecameubiquitous.Manipulatinmanydevelopedcountryagricultureindustryhasbeenapplieds

7、uchastheuseofmechanicalharvestinglargeareasoffarmlrepeatedoperationsonthehighspeedlinethatusesaroboticarmsoon.Todaythehighlevelofautomationcombinedwithrestrictionsonthemanipulatdevelopmentlevelisslightlylowerthantheinter

8、national.ThedesignismainlyarmweldingmachinebyPLCAutomationcontrol.Thisofdesignletdesignersoninschoolbylearnofhasamustofconsolidationundersthassomeusuallydidntopptunitiesawarenessinwldrangewithinsomeleadinglevelofknowledg

9、ehashasmustawarenesshopedesignerscaninyihouofdesigninthecansuccessofusinginthisdesignintheproceedsofexperience1.2manipulatinbothathomeabroadofresearchprofileautomationmechanicalarmresearchbeganYu20thcenturymediumtermafte

10、ryearswithwithcomputerautomationtechnologyofdevelopmentMakesmechanicalarmontheGrstageofindustrialautomationshinegraduallybecameanindustrialevaluationstardsitsimptancecanbeseen.Nowiginalroboticarmspentmostofmassproduction

11、useontheproductionlinewhichisprogrammedroboticarm.Asthefirstgenerationofmanipulatpositioncontrolsystemsmainfeaturesalthoughnotbackseveralgenerationsthatcandetecttheexternalenvironmentbutcanstillsuccessfullycompletelikewe

12、ldingpaintingdeliveryaswellasfmaterialssimplemovements.Secondgenerationmechanicalarmsareequippedwithsenssmanipulatshavetheenvironmentthereisacertainamountof“sense“whenthemechanicalarmistousetheprogramasabasis.Differencei

13、sthattherobotbegmanipulatcontrolmodeprogrammablecontrollersintroduction2.1discussionwithmanipulatcontrol2.1.1classificationofcontrolrelaysdiscreteelectroniccircuitcancontrololdindustrialequipmentbutalsomecommon.Mainlythe

14、setworelativelycheapyoucanmeettheoldfashionedsimple(simple)industrialequipment.Sohecanseethemnowhoweverthesetwocontrolmodes(relaydiscreteelectroniccircuits)arethesefatalflaws:(1)cannotadapttothecomplexlogiccontrol(2)only

15、fthecurrentprojectthelackofcompatibility(3)notrefmingthesystemwithequipmentimprovements.SpringfthedevelopmentofChinasmodernindustrialautomationtechnologythesubstantialincreaseinthelevelofindustrialautomationcompletedthep

16、erfectrelayofthecomputertoomuch.Intermsofcontrollingthecomputershowedhistwogreatadvantages:(1)eachofthehardwarecanbeinstalledononememicroprocesss(2)theofficialdesignerofthesoftwarewritingcontentcontrolisallabout.Nowinsev

17、eralwaysinthecontextofindustrialautomationcanoftenbeseeninthreeways:(1)ProgrammableLogicalController(referredtoasIPC)(2)DistributedControlSystem(DCSfsht)(3)theProgrammableLogicalController(PLCfsht).2.1.2PLCtheIPCDCScontr

18、astcontrast1eachofthethreetechnologiesofiginsdevelopmentrequirementsffastdataprocessingmakesitinventedthecomputer.Themenbroughtintermsofhardwarethereusingahighlevelofstardizationcanusemecompatibilitytoolsisarichsoftwarer

19、esourcesespeciallytheneedfimmediacyinoperationalsystems.Sothecomputercaneffectivelycontrolisusedtocontrolmeetitsspeedonthevirtualmodelrealtimeincomputationalrequirements.Distributedsystemstartedwithacontrolsystemfindustr

20、ialautomaticinstrumentusedtocontrolwhereasnowitissuccessfullydevelopedintoindustrialcontrolcomputerusedasacentralcollectiondistributionsystemtransitionofdistributedcontrolsysteminanaloguehlingloopcontrolhasbeguntoreflect

21、theuseofahugeadvantage.Thoughdistributedsystemhasgreatadvantagesinloopregulationbutonlyasameansofcontinuousprocesscontrol.OptimizationofPLCisthecrespondingrelayneedswasbnitsmainuseinthewkdercontrolearlyprimaryisreplacedr

22、elaythishulkingsystemfocusedontheswitchcontrollingtherunningderoffunctions.Markedbythemicroprocessintheearly1970ofthe20thcenturyemergedmicroelectronicstechnologyhasdevelopedrapidlypeoplesoonmicroelectronicsprocessingtech

23、nologywillbeusedintheProgrammableLogicalController(thatis1999年招生專業(yè)：社會學、人類學考試科目：社會學概論和社會學史一、解釋下列概念（每題5分，共40分）bda73b774e1、地位一致2、主文化與亞文化3、內群體4、社會設置5、“天職觀”6、“感召權威”（韋伯）7、“反功能”（默頓）8、“報酬類型”（布勞）二、簡述題（每題10分，共20分）1、簡述社會轉型期社會化問題的特征

24、。2、簡述齊美爾關于“社會交往形式”的思想。三、論述題（每題20分，共40分）1、結合實際論述我國社會轉型期“公平與效率”這一矛盾的表現，成因及解決對策。2、試論韋伯關于東西方文化宏觀比較研究的基本思路及其對當代社會學的影響。2000年招生專業(yè)：社會學、人類學考試科目：社會學概論和社會學史一、解釋下列概念（每題5分，共40分）1、地位相悖2、代溝3、正式組織4、相對剝奪5、目標合理性（韋伯）6、精英（帕雷托）7、多元分層空間（布勞）8、

25、標簽理論二、簡答題（每題10分，共20分）1、簡述權利與權威的聯系與區(qū)別。2、簡述馬克思與達倫多夫在分析社會沖突上觀點的異同。三、論述題（每題20分，共40分）1、試用社會學有關理論分析我國社會轉型時期人際關系變化的特點及趨勢。2、結合杜爾克姆對自殺的研究，概括出實證社會學的研究方法及理論形式的基本特征。2001年招生專業(yè)：社會學、人類學考試科目：社會學概論和社會學史一、名詞解釋（每題5分，共40分）1、象征符號2、文化資本3、去個性化

26、4、合作5、“法理權威”（韋波）6、“行動系統(tǒng)”（帕森斯）7、“印象管理”（戈夫曼）8、“主我”與“客我”（米德）二、簡答題（每題10分，共20分）1、簡述“社會網”的獨特研究視角。2、簡述社會交換論對群體結構及權力的生成所作的解釋。三、論述題（每題20分，共40分）1、世論社會分層研究中的不同范式。Manipulatisnowusedasaindustrialrobotsinusethecontrolobjectivesoftenap

27、pearofteninindustrialautomation.Industrialautomationtechnologyhasgraduallymaturedasmatureatechnologylinehasbeenrapiddevelopmentinindustrialautomationasaseparatesubject.Manipulatapplicationbegantofilterintoweldinglogistic

28、smechanicalprocessingotherindustries.Especiallyathighverylowtemperaturesfullofpoisonousgaseshighradiationcaserobotinsimilarcircumstancesshowedgreatusealsobringsgreatconveniencetothestaff.Preciselybecauseofthisrobottogetp

29、eoplesattentionbegantobeahighdegreeofdevelopment.Labrateswkingconditionslabintensiveaspectsofpromotingdevelopment.BothathomeabroadtodevelopthePLC(programmablelogiccontroller)isinvariousspecialcircumstancesunderspecialcon

30、ditionssetfmechanicaldevices.NowturnedonthedevelopmentofthemicroelectronicsautomaticcontroltechnologytherapiddevelopmentofthetrainsthesuccessofPLChardwaresoftwaresimulationcontrolwinbigsuccessfuldevelopmentnowcontinuesto

31、developasafactyautomationstards.Becauserobotsaregooddevelopmentofthetechnologymakesagoodoptimizationofproductivecapitalrobotshowsthisuniqueadvantagessuchas:hasgoodcompatibilitywideavailabilityhardwareiscompleteprogrammin

32、gthatcanbemasteredinashttimesointhecontextofindustrialPLCapplicationsbecameubiquitous.Manipulatinmanydevelopedcountryagricultureindustryhasbeenappliedsuchastheuseofmechanicalharvestinglargeareasoffarmlrepeatedoperationso

33、nthehighspeedlinethatusesaroboticarmsoon.Todaythehighlevelofautomationcombinedwithrestrictionsonthemanipulatdevelopmentlevelisslightlylowerthantheinternational.ThedesignismainlyarmweldingmachinebyPLCAutomationcontrol.Thi

34、sofdesignletdesignersoninschoolbylearnofhasamustofconsolidationundersthassomeusuallydidntopptunitiesawarenessinwldrangewithinsomeleadinglevelofknowledgehashasmustawarenesshopedesignerscaninyihouofdesigninthecansuccessofu

35、singinthisdesignintheproceedsofexperience1.2manipulatinbothathomeabroadofresearchprofileautomationmechanicalarmresearchbeganYu20thcenturymediumtermafteryearswithwithcomputerautomationtechnologyofdevelopmentMakesmechanica

36、larmontheGrstageofindustrialautomationshinegraduallybecameanindustrialevaluationstardsitsimptancecanbeseen.Nowiginalroboticarmspentmostofmassproductionuseontheproductionlinewhichisprogrammedroboticarm.Asthefirstgeneratio

37、nofmanipulatpositioncontrolsystemsmainfeaturesalthoughnotbackseveralgenerationsthatcandetecttheexternalenvironmentbutcanstillsuccessfullycompletelikeweldingpaintingdeliveryaswellasfmaterialssimplemovements.Secondgenerati

38、onmechanicalarmsareequippedwithsenssmanipulatshavetheenvironmentthereisacertainamountof“sense“whenthemechanicalarmistousetheprogramasabasis.Differenceisthattherobotbeg中國人民大學社會學專業(yè)之《社會理論》9612真題manipulatcontrolmodeprogramma

39、blecontrollersintroduction2.1discussionwithmanipulatcontrol2.1.1classificationofcontrolrelaysdiscreteelectroniccircuitcancontrololdindustrialequipmentbutalsomecommon.Mainlythesetworelativelycheapyoucanmeettheoldfashioned

40、simple(simple)industrialequipment.Sohecanseethemnowhoweverthesetwocontrolmodes(relaydiscreteelectroniccircuits)arethesefatalflaws:(1)cannotadapttothecomplexlogiccontrol(2)onlyfthecurrentprojectthelackofcompatibility(3)no

41、trefmingthesystemwithequipmentimprovements.SpringfthedevelopmentofChinasmodernindustrialautomationtechnologythesubstantialincreaseinthelevelofindustrialautomationcompletedtheperfectrelayofthecomputertoomuch.Intermsofcont

42、rollingthecomputershowedhistwogreatadvantages:(1)eachofthehardwarecanbeinstalledononememicroprocesss(2)theofficialdesignerofthesoftwarewritingcontentcontrolisallabout.Nowinseveralwaysinthecontextofindustrialautomationcan

43、oftenbeseeninthreeways:(1)ProgrammableLogicalController(referredtoasIPC)(2)DistributedControlSystem(DCSfsht)(3)theProgrammableLogicalController(PLCfsht).2.1.2PLCtheIPCDCScontrastcontrast1eachofthethreetechnologiesofigins

44、developmentrequirementsffastdataprocessingmakesitinventedthecomputer.Themenbroughtintermsofhardwarethereusingahighlevelofstardizationcanusemecompatibilitytoolsisarichsoftwareresourcesespeciallytheneedfimmediacyinoperatio

45、nalsystems.Sothecomputercaneffectivelycontrolisusedtocontrolmeetitsspeedonthevirtualmodelrealtimeincomputationalrequirements.Distributedsystemstartedwithacontrolsystemfindustrialautomaticinstrumentusedtocontrolwhereasnow

46、itissuccessfullydevelopedintoindustrialcontrolcomputerusedasacentralcollectiondistributionsystemtransitionofdistributedcontrolsysteminanaloguehlingloopcontrolhasbeguntoreflecttheuseofahugeadvantage.Thoughdistributedsyste

47、mhasgreatadvantagesinloopregulationbutonlyasameansofcontinuousprocesscontrol.OptimizationofPLCisthecrespondingrelayneedswasbnitsmainuseinthewkdercontrolearlyprimaryisreplacedrelaythishulkingsystemfocusedontheswitchcontro

48、llingtherunningderoffunctions.Markedbythemicroprocessintheearly1970ofthe20thcenturyemergedmicroelectronicstechnologyhasdevelopedrapidlypeoplesoonmicroelectronicsprocessingtechnologywillbeusedintheProgrammableLogicalContr

49、oller(thatis第3頁共8頁createdby笨蝸牛笑笑1、列舉當前我國“社會越軌”現象的主要表現。并選用適當理論說明其產生的原因2、試用社會學有關理論分析我國現代化過程中“理性化”增長的主要表現及其蘊含的問題2005年一、解釋下列概念(每題4分，共40分)1、文化墮距2、角色3、社會失范4、自我概念5、從眾6、“感召權威”（韋伯）7、“AGIL框架”8、報酬類型（布勞）9、交往理性（哈貝馬斯）10、場域（布迪厄）二、簡答題（每

50、題15分，共60分）1、簡述組織正式結構與非正式結構的關系2、簡述“階級”和“職業(yè)群體”兩個概念在社會分層研究中的差別。3、韋伯是如何看待價值行動與目標行動之間關系的？4、簡述“模式變量”（帕森斯）在現代化研究中的意義三、論述題（每題25分，共50分）試以城市農民工為例，分析我國城市化進程中存在的問題試結合實例選用有關理論說明“文化”與“社會結構”之間的關系2006年一、名詞解釋1、功能主義2、性別角色3、文化墮距4、集合行為5、標簽理

51、論6、泰羅制7、遲發(fā)展效果8、社會解組（杜爾克姆）9、實證（孔德）10、價值合理性行動二、簡述題1、科層制的正功能與負功能2、簡述中國社會失范的表現及其成因3、社會學對“權力”的性質及其作用的主要觀點。4、方法論個人主義與整體主義的各自特點及其代表人物。三、論述題1、用相關理論結合中國轉型社會分析物質文明建設與精神文明建設之間的關系。2、用相關理論并結合實例分析中國現代風險社會和創(chuàng)建和諧社會之間的關系3、闡述結構功能論和符號互動論對“結