上海高考英語(yǔ)新題型之概要寫(xiě)作(summary)

1、上海高考英語(yǔ)新題型之概要寫(xiě)作上海高考英語(yǔ)新題型之概要寫(xiě)作澄衷高級(jí)中學(xué)澄衷高級(jí)中學(xué)孫吉孫吉從2017年起，上海英語(yǔ)高考試卷的題型將面臨許多調(diào)整，其中之一便是增加了概要寫(xiě)作（Summarywriting），也有許多人將之稱為“小作文”。概要寫(xiě)作分值占據(jù)15分，考查的是考生閱讀和寫(xiě)作的綜合能力。概要寫(xiě)作所給定的語(yǔ)篇一般在200250字，內(nèi)容豐富多樣，包含故事、時(shí)政、科普等，體裁以記敘文、說(shuō)明文為主，字?jǐn)?shù)一般要求在5060字，答案盡量符合“Ke

2、ypointsofasummary”的要求。一正確認(rèn)識(shí)概要寫(xiě)作一正確認(rèn)識(shí)概要寫(xiě)作1.Definitionofsummarywriting（概要寫(xiě)作的定義）（概要寫(xiě)作的定義）Bysummarywemeanabriefrestatementinyourownwdsofthecontentofapassageanarticleachapterabook.2.Keypointsofasummary（概要寫(xiě)作的要點(diǎn)）（概要寫(xiě)作的要點(diǎn)）Concis

3、eness（簡(jiǎn)要性）（簡(jiǎn)要性）：Omitunnecessarydetailslikeexamplesexplanationsotherunimptantinfmation.Length:1413oftheiginalpleteness（完整性）（完整性）：Toincludeallthemainsupptingpointsdeliveredinyouownwdsinacondensedmanner.Accuracy（準(zhǔn)確性）（準(zhǔn)確性）：T

4、ogivethesameattentionstresstothepointsastheauthdoes.Coherence（連貫性）（連貫性）：Ratherthananoutlinelistedaskeywdsphrasesasummaryisaparagraphwithnecessarytransitionsfunctionstructurestomakeitflow.Objectivity（客觀性）（客觀性）：Donotinclud

5、eyourownideasemotionsonthetopic.Thesummaryshouldreflectthecontentoftheiginalpassageonly.3.Stepstowriteasummary（概要寫(xiě)作的步驟）（概要寫(xiě)作的步驟）1）Skimthetexttofindoutthegeneraltheme.2）Analyzethetext’sstructuretodivideitintoseveralsectio

6、nsfindoutthemainideaofeachsectionwriteitoutbrieflywithyourownwds.(onesentence)3）Writedownthekeysupptingpointsfeachmainideawithoutinvolvingmindetails.4）ganizethemainrelatedsupptingpointsinalogicalderwithnecessarytransitio

7、nstoachievecoherence.5）Proofreadfgrammaticalspellingpunctuationmistakes.4.Beginningofasummary（概要寫(xiě)作的開(kāi)頭）（概要寫(xiě)作的開(kāi)頭）Beginyoursummarywith:Theauth’snameThearticle’schapter’snameTheauth’sthesisstatement—ageneraloverview(survey)o

8、fthearticle.TheBody:Firstofalltheauthdescribes……What—gotlostwasfoundWhy—gowaterskiingalonetoothrilledResult—fathercametoherrescue列出了要點(diǎn)之后，我們就可以用自己的話將要點(diǎn)組織起來(lái)，概括成一段約50詞的通順概要：Thepassagetellsusthewriter’sexperienceofadventure.

9、Oncethewriterwasonatriptoalakewhereshewentwaterskiingalone.Shewassoexcitedenjoyedherselfthatsoonshegotlost.Ftunatelyherfatherfinallycametoherrescue.（44wds）三說(shuō)明文概要寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥三說(shuō)明文概要寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥說(shuō)明文體的閱讀材料內(nèi)容大致可以分為以下幾類：現(xiàn)象揭示類：現(xiàn)象揭示類：Thearti

10、clepointsoutthecommonphenomenon—(主題)，which…(補(bǔ)充解釋)利弊對(duì)比類：利弊對(duì)比類：ThearticlecomparesthedisadvantagesbenefitsofAB.A…whileB…Thepassagediscussestheimpactofsth.Onthepositiveside…butitmayalso…研究顯示類：研究顯示類：Thestudyrevealsthat…Thepur

11、poseofthereptistoshowthat…下文是課堂訓(xùn)練的一個(gè)例子：Directions:Pleasereadthefollowingpassagewriteasummaryofitinnomethan60wds.Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmethan30percentofthetotal.Tounderstwhythisistruethink

12、ofthepackagingcommonlyusedfasimpleproductsuchastoothpaste.Thepackagingincludesnotonlythetubefthetoothpastebutalsotheboxfthetube.Thisboxisputintoaplasticwrapper.Thentheboxesaretransptedinacardboardcontainer.Mostpackagingm

13、aterialendsupinalfillafteritisthrownaway.Thoughnecessarylfillstakeupvaluablespaceoftenstink（發(fā)出惡臭）canleakharmfulsubstancesintothesoil.Lfillsnotincludedtheproductionofpackagingmaterialitselfisamajsourceofairwaterpollution.

14、Peoplearenowtryingtosolvetheproblemscausedbypackagingmaterials.In1991Germanytooktheleadbyrequiringcompaniestorecyclethepackagingusedftheirgoods.Todothisthecompaniessetuprecyclingbinsineveryneighbhood.Consumersnowseparate

15、theirrubbishintothreecategies—metalplasticpapercartons.Theythenputitintotheappropriatebin.Therubbishsteditistransptedtoarecyclingcompanyfprocessing.Theprogrammewkedwellatfirst.Howevertheamountofrubbishhasbeguntoincreasea