【優(yōu)化方案】2014屆高考英語(yǔ)（大綱版）一輪復(fù)習(xí)多媒體教學(xué)課件直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)課件（純語(yǔ)法)（共20張ppt）

1、1,直 接 引 語(yǔ)間 接 引 語(yǔ),2,直接引語(yǔ)：直接引述別人的話(huà)，前要加引號(hào).,間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話(huà)，不用引號(hào). 在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句.,例.John said, “I like reading story books.” John said that he liked reading story books。,間接引語(yǔ),直接引語(yǔ),直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ),

2、1.直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 連接詞用that, 在口語(yǔ)中可省略. 引述動(dòng)詞用said, told等. 句型: S---V---that從句. 注意:可以說(shuō) said that從句, said to sb. that從句, told sb. that從句, 但不可說(shuō)told that從句.,3,,,,,,,He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.” → He told

3、 me that he had left his book in his room.,He said to us, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” → He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.,若直接引語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)可加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ),如 me,him,her,theu,you,us 等.但用told間接引語(yǔ)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

4、詞時(shí)必修加間接賓語(yǔ),句型: S told sb. 從句.,加間接賓語(yǔ) me,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),間接賓語(yǔ) us,,,,代詞指向,4,時(shí)態(tài)變化,,直接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí),間接引語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí),,,,,,,現(xiàn)在將來(lái)變過(guò)去, 過(guò)去變過(guò)去完成, 過(guò)去完成不變.,5,人稱(chēng)變化,一隨主,二 隨 賓,三 不 變,引號(hào)內(nèi)的第一

5、人稱(chēng)變間引后與主句主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)保持一致,引號(hào)內(nèi)的第二人稱(chēng)變間引后與主句賓語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)保持一致,引號(hào)內(nèi)的第三人稱(chēng)在變間引后人稱(chēng)不變,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that she liked tennis.,He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.”,He told Lily that she must get up early.,She said

6、 to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”,She told me that they wanted tohelp him.,,,,,,,,,,,,,使間接引語(yǔ)中的人稱(chēng)與直接引語(yǔ)中的人稱(chēng)指向一致.,6,2. 直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問(wèn)句 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 連接詞用if或whether, 而引述選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)只能用whether, 疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序, 引述動(dòng)詞用asked, 句型: S---V---

7、if/ whether從句. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” → She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.,,,,,,,1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.” →She told me that she had broken my CD player. 2.He s

8、aid to her, “I broke your CD player.” →He told her that he had broken her CD player.,,,,,,,,,,二隨賓,一隨主,,7,“Is this room yours or his?”　 → He asked me whether this room was mine or his.,He said to me , “I am learning

9、 English now.” → He said to me that he was learning English then.,,,,3.直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),連接詞用特殊疑問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)詞,疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序. 句型: S--V—疑問(wèn)詞從句.,The teacher said, “What are you doing now?” →The teacher asked me what I was do

10、ing then.,加間接賓語(yǔ) me,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),,,,,,,代詞指向，二隨賓,間接賓語(yǔ) me,,,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” → He asked me whether I spoke English or French.,,,,加間接賓語(yǔ) me,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),不加間接賓語(yǔ)me也可,8,時(shí)間變化,next=following,before= earlier,,,,

11、9,He said, “I’ll give you an examination next Monday.” → He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,,,,,,,加間接賓語(yǔ) us,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),,,“Who is here?” he asked. → He asked who was there.,地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)變化,He asked,

12、“Which school are you in?” → He asked me which school I was in. He asked which school I was in.,here → there,加間接賓語(yǔ) me,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),,,,二隨賓,,二隨賓,,不加間接賓語(yǔ)me也可,10,“Why do you tell me the answer to t

13、his question?” → She asked why I told her the answer to that question.,指示代詞變化,this → that these → those,注意 如果直接引語(yǔ)是“What’s thematter?” “What’s wrong?” “What’s the trouble?”, 變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變

14、。,He said, “what’s the matter with you? ” → He asked me what’s the matter with me.,11,He asked,“How are you gettingalong?” → He asked us how we were getting along.,加間接賓語(yǔ) us,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),二隨賓,He said, “We shall start tomo

15、rrow.” → He said they would start the next day.,“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked. → Jack asked me if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died.,過(guò)去完成時(shí),,,過(guò)

16、去完成時(shí),,,加間接賓語(yǔ) me,無(wú)間接賓語(yǔ),He asked, “ How far is it from here to your home?” → He asked how far it was from there to my home.,三不變,,,12,4.直接引語(yǔ)為祈使句 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式。據(jù)語(yǔ)氣不同引述動(dòng)詞有tell, ask, order, beg, advise 等,句型：t

17、ell/ask/order /beg / advise sb.(not/never)to do sth. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son. → She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. “Don’t cry any more,” he said to his lit

18、tle brother. → He asked his little brother not to cry any more.,He said to the boy,“ Come here, young man! ” →He asked the boy to go there.,,方向動(dòng)詞變化,,13,I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him

19、that we should start at once. I suggested starting at once.,直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Let’s”開(kāi)頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),通常用 “suggest doing sth./that we should do sth.”,應(yīng)該,,“Don’t leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother. → Mother

20、told me not to leave the door open after midnight.,come → go bring → take,方向動(dòng)詞變化,He said , “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” → He ordered the boys not to make so much noise.,,14,5.直接

21、引語(yǔ)為感嘆句,變?yōu)橛?that/ what/ how 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,He said, “How happy I am!” → He said that he was very happy. He said how happy he was.,He said, “What a fine day it is!” → He said what a fine day it was. He exclaim

22、ed that it was a fine day. He said, “How fine the day is!” → He said how fine the day was.,15,“You’ve already got well, haven’t you? ” she asked. → She asked whether I had already got well(康復(fù)).,6. 直接引語(yǔ)為反意疑問(wèn)句

23、 變成whether或 if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。,16,直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ),下列情況時(shí)態(tài)不變,1.直接引語(yǔ)主句動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),一般將來(lái)時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ),從句時(shí)態(tài)不變.,She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.” → She often says that all men and women are equal under the la

24、w.,主句,,,從句: “ ” 部分,,2.直接引語(yǔ)的“ ”部分有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):過(guò)去某年,某月,某日時(shí),變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ),時(shí)態(tài)不變.,Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.,省略that,,,17,She said, “I went there when I was six y

25、ears old.” → She said she had gone there when she was six years old.,3.直接引語(yǔ)的“ ”部分有以when,while,since引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不變.,4.直接引語(yǔ)的“ ”部分是反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的,習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)情況仍然存在的,變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。,The boy said to us, “I usually g

26、et up at six every day.” → The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.,省略that,,,18,She said to me, “You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.,5.直接引語(yǔ)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must, need, ought to,used to, had bett

27、er, would rather, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)(should, might…)等時(shí),“I should try my best next time.” Jack thought. → Jack thought he should try his best the next time.,注: must → must / had to,6.直接引語(yǔ)的“ ”部分是諺語(yǔ)、格言時(shí),19,The teacher said to

28、 the students, “Water freezes when thetemperature falls below 0℃.” → The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.,7. 直接引語(yǔ)的從句為客觀不變的真理,The teacher said, “World War Ⅱ ended in 1