【優(yōu)化方案】2014屆高考英語（大綱版）一輪復習多媒體教學課件直接引語和間接引語課件（純語法)（共20張ppt）

1、1,直 接 引 語間 接 引 語,2,直接引語：直接引述別人的話，前要加引號.,間接引語：用自己的話轉述別人的話，不用引號. 在多數(shù)情況下構成賓語從句.,例.John said, “I like reading story books.” John said that he liked reading story books。,間接引語,直接引語,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語,

2、1.直接引語為陳述句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 連接詞用that, 在口語中可省略. 引述動詞用said, told等. 句型: S---V---that從句. 注意:可以說 said that從句, said to sb. that從句, told sb. that從句, 但不可說told that從句.,3,,,,,,,He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.” → He told

3、 me that he had left his book in his room.,He said to us, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” → He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.,若直接引語中沒有間接賓語,變?yōu)殚g接引語時可加一個間接賓語,如 me,him,her,theu,you,us 等.但用told間接引語主句的謂語動

4、詞時必修加間接賓語,句型: S told sb. 從句.,加間接賓語 me,無間接賓語,間接賓語 us,,,,代詞指向,4,時態(tài)變化,,直接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般將來時現(xiàn)在進行時一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時,間接引語一般過去時過去將來時過去進行時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時,,,,,,,現(xiàn)在將來變過去, 過去變過去完成, 過去完成不變.,5,人稱變化,一隨主,二 隨 賓,三 不 變,引號內(nèi)的第一

5、人稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保持一致,引號內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保持一致,引號內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后人稱不變,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that she liked tennis.,He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.”,He told Lily that she must get up early.,She said

6、 to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”,She told me that they wanted tohelp him.,,,,,,,,,,,,,使間接引語中的人稱與直接引語中的人稱指向一致.,6,2. 直接引語為一般疑問句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 連接詞用if或whether, 而引述選擇疑問句時只能用whether, 疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序, 引述動詞用asked, 句型: S---V---

7、if/ whether從句. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” → She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.,,,,,,,1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.” →She told me that she had broken my CD player. 2.He s

8、aid to her, “I broke your CD player.” →He told her that he had broken her CD player.,,,,,,,,,,二隨賓,一隨主,,7,“Is this room yours or his?”　 → He asked me whether this room was mine or his.,He said to me , “I am learning

9、 English now.” → He said to me that he was learning English then.,,,,3.直接引語是特殊疑問句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時,連接詞用特殊疑問句的疑問詞,疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序. 句型: S--V—疑問詞從句.,The teacher said, “What are you doing now?” →The teacher asked me what I was do

10、ing then.,加間接賓語 me,無間接賓語,,,,,,,代詞指向，二隨賓,間接賓語 me,,,He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” → He asked me whether I spoke English or French.,,,,加間接賓語 me,無間接賓語,不加間接賓語me也可,8,時間變化,next=following,before= earlier,,,,

11、9,He said, “I’ll give you an examination next Monday.” → He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,,,,,,,加間接賓語 us,無間接賓語,,,“Who is here?” he asked. → He asked who was there.,地點狀語變化,He asked,

12、“Which school are you in?” → He asked me which school I was in. He asked which school I was in.,here → there,加間接賓語 me,無間接賓語,,,,二隨賓,,二隨賓,,不加間接賓語me也可,10,“Why do you tell me the answer to t

13、his question?” → She asked why I told her the answer to that question.,指示代詞變化,this → that these → those,注意 如果直接引語是“What’s thematter?” “What’s wrong?” “What’s the trouble?”, 變間接引語時語序不變

14、。,He said, “what’s the matter with you? ” → He asked me what’s the matter with me.,11,He asked,“How are you gettingalong?” → He asked us how we were getting along.,加間接賓語 us,無間接賓語,二隨賓,He said, “We shall start tomo

15、rrow.” → He said they would start the next day.,“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked. → Jack asked me if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died.,過去完成時,,,過

16、去完成時,,,加間接賓語 me,無間接賓語,He asked, “ How far is it from here to your home?” → He asked how far it was from there to my home.,三不變,,,12,4.直接引語為祈使句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時,將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式。據(jù)語氣不同引述動詞有tell, ask, order, beg, advise 等,句型：t

17、ell/ask/order /beg / advise sb.(not/never)to do sth. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son. → She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. “Don’t cry any more,” he said to his lit

18、tle brother. → He asked his little brother not to cry any more.,He said to the boy,“ Come here, young man! ” →He asked the boy to go there.,,方向動詞變化,,13,I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him

19、that we should start at once. I suggested starting at once.,直接引語如果是以“Let’s”開頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,通常用 “suggest doing sth./that we should do sth.”,應該,,“Don’t leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother. → Mother

20、told me not to leave the door open after midnight.,come → go bring → take,方向動詞變化,He said , “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” → He ordered the boys not to make so much noise.,,14,5.直接

21、引語為感嘆句,變?yōu)橛?that/ what/ how 引導的賓語從句,He said, “How happy I am!” → He said that he was very happy. He said how happy he was.,He said, “What a fine day it is!” → He said what a fine day it was. He exclaim

22、ed that it was a fine day. He said, “How fine the day is!” → He said how fine the day was.,15,“You’ve already got well, haven’t you? ” she asked. → She asked whether I had already got well(康復).,6. 直接引語為反意疑問句

23、 變成whether或 if引導的賓語從句。,16,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時態(tài)不變,1.直接引語主句動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時,一般將來時或現(xiàn)在完成時,變?yōu)殚g接引語,從句時態(tài)不變.,She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.” → She often says that all men and women are equal under the la

24、w.,主句,,,從句: “ ” 部分,,2.直接引語的“ ”部分有具體的過去時間狀語:過去某年,某月,某日時,變?yōu)殚g接引語,時態(tài)不變.,Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.,省略that,,,17,She said, “I went there when I was six y

25、ears old.” → She said she had gone there when she was six years old.,3.直接引語的“ ”部分有以when,while,since引導的表示過去的時間的時間狀語從句時, 時間狀語從句的時態(tài)不變.,4.直接引語的“ ”部分是反復出現(xiàn)的,習慣性的動作或說話時情況仍然存在的,變間接引語時, 時態(tài)保持不變。,The boy said to us, “I usually g

26、et up at six every day.” → The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.,省略that,,,18,She said to me, “You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.,5.直接引語的從句的謂語動詞有情態(tài)動詞 must, need, ought to,used to, had bett

27、er, would rather, 情態(tài)動詞的過去時(should, might…)等時,“I should try my best next time.” Jack thought. → Jack thought he should try his best the next time.,注: must → must / had to,6.直接引語的“ ”部分是諺語、格言時,19,The teacher said to

28、 the students, “Water freezes when thetemperature falls below 0℃.” → The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.,7. 直接引語的從句為客觀不變的真理,The teacher said, “World War Ⅱ ended in 1