2014年電子科技大學(xué)846 英語語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識及運(yùn)用考研真題

1、共2頁第1頁電子科技大學(xué)電子科技大學(xué)2014年攻讀碩士學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)考試試題年攻讀碩士學(xué)位研究生入學(xué)考試試題考試科目：考試科目：846英語語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識及運(yùn)用英語語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識及運(yùn)用注：無機(jī)讀卡，所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷或草稿紙上均無效。注：無機(jī)讀卡，所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷或草稿紙上均無效。I.Definethefollowingtermswithexamplesifnecessary(30points5point

2、seach):1.duality2.metalanguage3.minimalpairs4.lexeme5.connotation6.immediateconstituentanalysisII.Makeajudgmentanevaluationofthefollowingwithyourownreasons(20points4pointseach):1.Endocentricconstructiondiffersfromexocent

3、ricconstructioninthatthedistributionofthefmerisfunctionallyequivalenttothatofonemeofitsconstituentsi.e.awdagroupofwdsservesasadefinablecenterhead.2.“Thecontextsofanutterancedetermineitsmeaning…Sincenotwocontextsareeverex

4、actlythesame…toinsistdogmaticallythatweknowwhatawdmeansinadvanceofitsutteranceisnonsense.”3.Whenanalyzingthemeaningsofapolysemanticwddiachronicallywetrytofindthecentralmeaningamongallitsmeaningsbyfrequencyvaluewhereassyn

5、chronicallytheiginalmeaningwillbedetected.4.Linguisticcommunicationsareusuallypresentedtousinthefmofwrittentextspeech.Whiletheprocessofcomprhensionappearstobesimilarinbothcasessomeoftheinitialstagesofprocessingdiffer.5.S

6、incecommunicationisasocialactivityitcouldbesaidthatspeechisalsosocialnotindividual.III.Brieflyanswerthefollowingquestions(45points9pointseach):1.PleaseanalyzeNida’sidea“wdsaresometimesculturallyspecific”withexamples.2.In

7、speechcommunicationswemayconcludethatgenerallythemalestyleisreptspeakingwhilethefemalestyleisrapptspeaking.Pleaseexplainthiswithexamples.3.Hallidayoncestatedthatthesubjectinitstraditionalsenseisacomplexoffourdistinctfunc

8、tionsthreeinthestructureoftheclauseoneintheinfmationstructure.WouldyoupleasetrytoexplainthesefourfunctionsofthesubjectinthefollowingclauseThelioncaughtthetourist.共2頁第2頁4.Pleasecitesomeexamplestoanalyzethedifferencebetwee

9、naphonemeitsallophones.5.WhatdoyouknowaboutChomsky’sfmalistlinguisticthey(i.e.TransfmationalGenerativeGrammar)IV.Discussthefollowingquestionsindetail(55points10pointsfthefirst15pointsf2—4each):1.Pleasebrieflydescribeapic

10、tureofthedifferentbranchesoflinguisticstudies.2.Canyoutelltheexactmeaningofthesentence“I’mfreeatlast!”Ifnotwhy3.HowwouldyouanalyzeexplainthesyntacticstructuremeaningofthefollowingsentencePleasetranslateitintoChinesetellt

11、hedifferencebetweentheiginalEnglishsentenceyourtranslatedChineseversion.Theboythegirlthedogchasedkissedcried.4.PleaseanalyzethefollowingpoembytheAmericanpoetWilliamCarlosWilliamsfromtheperspectiveofFunctionalLinguistics: