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1、1Argument課堂筆記課堂筆記張雷冬?2004ZhangLeidongAllrightsreserved.Unauthizedduplicationisaviolationofapplicablelaws.個人勞動成果,未經(jīng)允許請勿轉(zhuǎn)貼或作商業(yè)用途。謝謝F.A=FalseAnalogyD.C=DifferentConceptsD.S=DifferentScopesI.T=IncompleteThoughtF.D=FalseDilem
2、maC.E=CauseEffectfallacyArgument1931.Theresultofthesurveylackscredibilitytherefecouldnotlendstrongsuppttothearguer’sconclusionwhatthearguermaintains.Thearguerfailstoconsiderincludetakeintoaccountteachersinothersubjectsth
3、usmanyteacherswereactuallyexcludedfromthesurvey.(ivesample)2.Thearguerfailstoestablishthecausalrelationshipbetweenhomewkfrequencystudents’perfmance.(C.E)3.Arethetwoareasthestudentsofthetwoareascomparable(F.A)4.Thegradesa
4、renotequaltothequalityofteaching.(D.C)Argument2381.ThesurveydoesnotincludeallthegraduatesinMVCthusitisalmostimpossibletoevaluatetheemploymentresultinMVC.(ivesample)2.ThecomparisonbetweenGMCMVCisincompletehencewehardlyeva
5、luatetheemploymentresultsofthegraduatingsenisfromthetwocolleges.(incompletecomparison)3.ThearguerfailstoestablishthecausalrelationshipbetweenthefactthatGMChasmeb.csj.csthanMVCthefactthat90%folastyear’sgraduatingsenisfrom
6、GMCgotjoboffers.(C.E)4.ThearguerfailstoconvinceusthatofferingmecoursesincomputertechnologywillnecessarilycontributetotheemploymentofgraduatesinMVC.(unwarrantedassumption)5.PerhapsGMCMVCarenotcomparableinseveralaspectssuc
7、hasreputationrankingalumnietc.(F.A)Argument1801.Theresultofthesurveylackscredibilitybecausethesampleistoolimited.(quantityofthesample)2.ThearguerfailstoestablishthecausalrelationshipbetweentakingtheEasyReadcoursethereadi
8、ngabilityofthefirstgraduatethepromotionofthesecondgraduateaswell.(C.E)3.ThearguercommitsafallacyofF.Aarethesecompaniescomparable(F.A)4.Theassumptionthat500dollarsisacheaptuitionisopentodoubtdoubtfulsuspiciousunreliableun
9、foundedgroundlessunwarranted.(incompleteinfmation)5.ThearguerfailstoconvinceusthatallemployeesatAcmePublishingCompanyneedtoimprovetheirreadingspeed.Noteverywkerhastoattainalotofinfmationintheirwkplace.(D.S)31.Whatfractio
10、npercentageofpeoplewhosneactuallysufferfromsleepapnea(vaguedata)2.Peoplewhosufferfromsleepapneamayactuallyexerciseduringthedayalthoughtheyaretired.(unwarrantedassumption)3.Theassumptionthatpeoplewhosnewillnecessarilyeatm
11、eexerciselessthannmalisunwarranted.(unwarrantedassumption)4.Thearguerfailstodemonstratethateatinglessexercisingmewouldnecessarilyresultinlosingweight.(C.E)5.Thearguerneglectsmanyotherpossiblecausesthatmayalsoleadtotheres
12、ult.(I.T)Argument1831.Thearguerfailstoruleoutthepossibilitythatalargenumberofwkerswillsufferfromunemploymentinthefuture.Itisentirelypossiblethatthenumberoflaidoffwkersisgreaterthanthenumberofnewjobopptunitiescreated.(vag
13、uedata)2.Aretheprogramswkshopsenoughtoadmitmostlaidoffwkers(vaguedata)3.Sincetheprogramswkshopsaredesignedtoimprovejobfindingskillsinsteadofwkingskillstheymaynotprovehelpful.(C.E)Argument251.ThearguercommitsafallacyofF.A
14、.2.ThearguerneglectsotherpossiblemethodsthatmayimproveHopewell’seconomymeefficiently.(I.T)3.ThearguerfailstopointouthowthegolfcourseresthotelactuallycontributedtotheeconomyofOceanView.(afterthistherefebecauseofthis)Argum
15、ent1771.F.A.2.WedonotknowwhatpercentageofElmCity’sCivicClubmembersdothe25nonresidentmembersmakeup.(vaguedata)3.Weshouldnotsimplyexcludenonresidentmembersjustbecausetheyareminity.The25nonresidentsatElmCity’scivicclubmight
16、havegreatcontributionstoElmCity’sbusinesseconomy.(I.T)4.Theassumptionthatresidentsnecessarilyunderstthebusinesspoliticsofthecitybetterthannonresidentsisunwarranted.(unwarrantedassumption)Argument2331.Thecomparisonbetween
17、theconditionofRoute101Route66isiveincomplete.2.ThearguerunfairlyassumesthatAppian’swkqualityaremesuperithanMcAdam.ThearguerdoesnotprovideanyinfmationaboutthemachineryqualitycontrolpersonnelatMcAdam.(exparteinfmation)Noin
18、fmationabouttheperfmanceofthenewqualitycontrolmanageratAppianisprovided.(incompleteinfmation)3.Routesarenotequaltoaccessroads.(F.A)Argument2161.ThevariationinthehousingcostsdoesnotindicatethatClearviewhasadvantageinhousi
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