專業(yè)英語上原文及翻譯整合

1、前言Familiarity breeds contempt. This was true for the fox in Aesop’s fable whose respect and fear for the mighty lion was dulled by seeing him day after day. Arguably the same has occurred with our attitude to diabetes

2、. We hope that this collection of reviews by leading researchers in diabetes will help rectify this situation. 熟生蔑。伊索寓言里面的狐貍正是如此，它對獅子的尊重和害怕隨著見到獅子的次數(shù)增多而日漸減少。同樣的問題發(fā)生在我們對糖尿病的態(tài)度上，我們希望糖尿病研究領(lǐng)域的主要研究者發(fā)表的這些論文匯集可以幫助改正這種情形。Diabet

3、es is so prevalent that all readers of this Insight will know several diabetics, at least one of whom will be injecting insulin to keep their condition under control. At base, diabetes is caused by failure to maintain

4、 a stable level of blood glucose in the face of the normal fluctuations of supply and demand. However, the causes of this relatively straightforward dysfunction are anything but simple, and diabetes is not one but a

5、spectrum of disorders. 糖尿病是這么的普遍，以至于這篇洞察文章的所有閱者都將知道幾個糖尿病患者，至少他們中的一個將需要通過注射胰島素保持血糖環(huán)境在控制范圍內(nèi)。本質(zhì)上，糖尿病原因是由于機體在面對正常血液流動的供需時不能維持一個穩(wěn)定的血糖水平。然而，這個相對直接的功能障礙的原因一點也不簡單，糖尿病不是一個而是一系列的紊亂。The following articles discuss both type 1 diabet

6、es, in which the insulin producing cells in the pancreas are killed early in life, and the more insidious type 2 diabetes, where daily environmental and dietary stresses overload and ultimately destroy the body’s sys

7、tems for regulating blood glucose. Both these forms, if uncontrolled, can lead to severe complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, blindness and even loss of limbs.The debate over the biochemical causes of

8、these complications and the best ways to prevent their development is also reflected in these pages. 下面的文章討論了1型糖尿?。ㄔ谏缙谝葝u中產(chǎn)生胰島素的細胞被殺死）和潛伏性更強的2型糖尿病（日常生活、飲食壓力負(fù)荷過大最終破壞了調(diào)控血糖的系統(tǒng)） 。這兩類糖尿病，如果不能有效控制，將會引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥，如心臟病、腎衰竭、失明和四肢癱

9、瘓。引起這些并發(fā)癥的生化原因以及阻止它們發(fā)展的最好方法的討論，在這些文章中也有提第一篇Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemicChanges in human behaviour and lifestyle over the last century have resulted in a dramatic increase in the incidence of

10、 diabetes worldwide. The epidemic is chiefly of type 2 diabetes and also the associated conditions known as ‘diabesity’ and ‘metabolic syndrome’. In conjunction with genetic susceptibility, particularly in certain ethni

11、c groups, type 2 diabetes is brought on by environmental and behavioural factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, overly rich nutrition and obesity. The prevention of diabetes and control of its micro- and macrovascular c

12、omplications will require an integrated, international approach if we are to see significant reduction in the huge premature morbidity and mortality it causes. “Man may be the captain of his fate, but he is also the vic

13、tim of his blood sugar”Wilfrid Oakley [Trans. Med. Soc. Lond. 78, 16 (1962)] 糖尿病流行的全球及社會意義 糖尿病流行的全球及社會意義摘要： 摘要：上個世紀(jì)人類行為和生活方式的改變已導(dǎo)致全球糖尿病發(fā)病率劇增。這流行病主要是2型糖尿病及與之相關(guān)的被稱為“肥胖性糖尿病”和“代謝綜合征”的身體狀況。結(jié)合遺傳易感性，尤其是在特定的種族群體中，2型糖尿病由環(huán)境和諸如久坐不動

14、的生活方式，營養(yǎng)過剩和肥胖等行為因素造成的。如果我們希望它造成的早期發(fā)病率和死亡率顯著減少，那么糖尿病的預(yù)防及它的微/宏血管并發(fā)癥的控制將需要一個綜合的國際化的方法。“人類也許是命運的主人，但是他也是他血糖的受害者”——Wilfrid Oakley [Trans. Med. Soc. Lond. 78, 16 (1962)]Diabetes mellitus, long considered a disease of mino

15、r significance to world health, is now taking its place as one of the main threats to human health in the 21st century. The past two decades have seen an explosive increase in the number of people diagnosed with diabe

16、tes worldwide2,3. Pronounced changes in the human environment, and in human behaviour and lifestyle, have accompanied globalization, and these have resulted in escalating rates of both obesity and diabetes. Hence the

17、recent adoption of the term ‘diabesity’4, first suggested by Shafrir several decades ago5. 糖 尿病，長期以來一直被認(rèn)為是對世界健康較次要的一種疾病，如今 被視為21世紀(jì)人類健康的主要威脅之一[1]。在過去的二十年里，全 球被確診為糖尿病的患者的數(shù)量暴增[2,3]。隨著全球化，人類環(huán)境、 行為和生活方式發(fā)生了明顯的變化，這也導(dǎo)致肥胖及糖尿病發(fā)病率