薩特“存在先于本質(zhì)”理論探析.pdf

1、目錄聽I(yíng)AbstractII文獻(xiàn)綜述1(一）國(guó)外研究現(xiàn)狀1(二）國(guó)內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀2mm4一薩特存在主義哲學(xué)產(chǎn)生的背景及其淵源6(一）薩特思想產(chǎn)生的背景6(二）薩特存在主義的理論淵源81、笛卡爾——思考的力量82、尼采——最高的意志93、基爾凱郭爾——孤獨(dú)的個(gè)體114、胡塞爾、海德格爾——尋求自由的手段12二存在先于本質(zhì)理論的誕生與發(fā)展15(一）存在先于本質(zhì)理論的產(chǎn)生151、存在先于本質(zhì)理論的提出152、作為整體的存在163、存在與虛無(wú)的關(guān)系

2、18(二）“惡心“中的存在20(三）存在與自由23(四）存在與他人29三薩特“存在先于本質(zhì)“理論的影響及意義34(一）還人類以尊嚴(yán)34(二）坦然面對(duì)自由35(三）個(gè)人以及他人36^語(yǔ)39參考文獻(xiàn)40致謝43西南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractAnalysisofSartresthey:ExistenceprecedesessenceMaj:ForeignPilosophySpecialty:WesternPoliticalPhiloso

3、phySupervisor:ProfessorCuiYanqiangTaoLinAuthor:YiRanAbstractJeanPaulSartrethefamousFrenchphilosopherintwentiethCenturywhoisoneofrepresentativesofExistentialphilosophyofExistentialliterature.Thereisagreatdealofthoughtsinc

4、ludinghisunderstingoffreedomexplanationofbeingnothingnessrelationshipbetweenpeople.InmythesisIwillanalyzeSartrestextstomakearesearchabout“existenceprecedesessence“whichisthemaincontentofhistheies.Manyscholarshavecomprehe

5、nsiveunderstingfSartresthoughtsbuttheseresearchesfocusonthedeconstructionfhisthoughtsjustasthedivisionoftimenorelationbetweenphilosophyliterature.“Existenceprecedesessence“ismainstringthroughmythesiswhichreflectsideologi

6、caligin.Theexplanationf“being“iskeypartinSartresphilosophicalthinkingnotonlyinthephilosophyarticlesbutalsoinfictionsanddramas.FromthisaspectIwillemphasizetoanalyzefictiondramawhichcontainsomephilosophicalthinking.However

7、thesethoughtshaveadirectexpressiontodescribeinterpersonalrelationshipfreedomresponsibility.IntherealisticsignificanceofthearticleinmyviewalthoughtheupsurgeofstudySartresthinkinghaspastmanyscholarsthoughtthatSartresthinki

8、ngisbelongtothelastcenturyIalsothinkitisveryimptanttous.Nowadaystheeconomicsofourcountryiswelldevelopingwedidntpaymuchattentioninthementalwldofpeople.ButinthetheyofSartresExistentialismthereismeattentionabout“humanbeing“