異步電動(dòng)機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩開環(huán)控制研究.pdf

1、論文題目：異步電動(dòng)機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩開環(huán)控制研究專業(yè)：控制理論與控制工程碩士生：郭慶（簽名）指導(dǎo)教師：高赟（簽名）摘要隨著國(guó)內(nèi)外電力電子器件和電機(jī)控制芯片的不斷更新?lián)Q代，異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速技術(shù)在不斷發(fā)展，調(diào)速技術(shù)經(jīng)歷了調(diào)壓調(diào)頻控制、矢量控制和直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制等三個(gè)階段。直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制作為一種新型的交流調(diào)速技術(shù)，其控制思想新穎、控制結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、控制手段直接以及轉(zhuǎn)矩響應(yīng)迅速等特點(diǎn)，使其在運(yùn)動(dòng)控制領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。直接轉(zhuǎn)矩是通過控制電壓空間矢量來控

2、制磁鏈軌跡的旋轉(zhuǎn)速度，達(dá)到控制電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的目的。它是在定子坐標(biāo)系下，利用磁鏈調(diào)節(jié)器和轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)節(jié)器，直接跟蹤定子磁鏈和轉(zhuǎn)矩，從而控制逆變器輸出的電壓，以獲得較快的轉(zhuǎn)矩響應(yīng)。本文在闡述異步電動(dòng)機(jī)定子坐標(biāo)系的數(shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上，介紹基于電壓空間矢量的逆變器模型、六邊形磁鏈軌跡的形成以及直接轉(zhuǎn)矩的控制原理。分析電壓空間矢量在磁鏈調(diào)節(jié)和轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)節(jié)中的作用，研究磁鏈調(diào)節(jié)器的給定值與六邊形磁鏈軌跡的關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)節(jié)器的容差值與輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩的關(guān)系以及占空比的大小與

3、轉(zhuǎn)速的關(guān)系?；诖沛溦{(diào)節(jié)原理，改變不同電壓空間矢量的作用時(shí)間產(chǎn)生圓形磁鏈軌跡。依據(jù)磁鏈和轉(zhuǎn)矩的調(diào)節(jié)原理，就磁鏈給定值、轉(zhuǎn)矩容差值和占空比在直接轉(zhuǎn)矩中如何改變磁鏈軌跡、轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)速的問題。在MATLAB／Simulink仿真平臺(tái)下搭建開環(huán)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩仿真模型，并建立仿真系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)模塊。仿真研究表明磁鏈給定值越大，磁鏈軌跡越大；轉(zhuǎn)矩容差值越大，輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)越大；非零電壓矢量的占空比越大轉(zhuǎn)速越高。設(shè)計(jì)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的軟硬件系統(tǒng)，完成部分實(shí)驗(yàn)調(diào)

4、試。硬件設(shè)計(jì)包括主電路和控制電路。主電路包括整流電路、啟動(dòng)電路、濾波電路、逆變電路，介紹逆變模塊IPM的應(yīng)用以及對(duì)各個(gè)器件的參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。控制電路包括DSP(TMS320F28335)控制芯片、隔離電路、故障信號(hào)電路、檢測(cè)電路。介紹軟件系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)環(huán)境CCS3.3，分析主程序和初始化程序流程圖。對(duì)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行部分調(diào)試。關(guān)鍵詞：電壓空間矢量；磁鏈調(diào)節(jié)；轉(zhuǎn)矩調(diào)節(jié)；開環(huán)仿真；IPM研究類型：應(yīng)用研究Subject：Researchofasync

5、hronousmotdirecttqueopenloopcontrolSpecialty：ControlTheyControlEngineeringName：GuoQing(Signature)Instruct：GaoYun(Signature)ABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofpowerelectronicsmotcontrolchipsthespeedcontroltechnologyoftheasynchro

6、nousmotisdevelopingrapidlywhichhasgonethroughVFcontrolvectcontroldirecttquecontrol.DirectTqueControlisanewtechnologyinthearesofACspeedcontrolwhichhasmanyadvantagessuchasnewcontrolmethodsimplestructuredirectcontrolmeansfa

7、sttqueresponse.DTCtechnologyisplayingaveryimptantroleintheareaofmotioncontrol.BycontrollingthevoltagespacevectDirectTqueControlcancontroltherotationspeedoffluxsoastoachievethegoalofcontrolmotspeed.Withthefluxregulatthetq

8、ueregulatDTCcanfollowthestatfluxthetquesoastocontroltheoutputvoltageobtainfasttqueresponse.InthisthesisBasedonthemathematicalmodelofasynchronousmotunderthestatcodinatesystem.Theinvertermodelbasedonvoltagespacevectthehexa

9、gonfluxtrajectytheprincipleofDTCareintroduced.Fourkindsofrelationshipsareanalyzedwhichcontainstheroleofvoltagespacevectinfluxadjusttqueadjusttherelationshipbetweenthegivenvalueoffluxregulathexagonfluxtherelationshipbetwe

10、enthetolerancevalueoftquecontrollertheoutputtquetherelationshipbetweenthesizeofthedutyratiorotationalspeed.BasedonfluxregulatingprincipleDTCcangeneratecircularfluxbyadjustingtheeffectingtimeofvoltage.Basedontheregulation

11、principleoffluxtqueWiththequestionofhowtochangethefluxtrajectythetqueripplespeedbychangingthegivenvaluesofstatfluxthetoleranceoftquethedutycycleinDTC.Directtquecontrolopenloopsimulationmodelisestablishedbythesimulationso

12、ftware–MatlabSimulinkcreatethevariousmodulesofthesimulationsystem.Thesimulationresultsshowthatthegreaterthefluxvalueisthebiggerthefluxbitisgreatertquetoleranceleadingtogreatertqueripplethegreaterthedutycyclebringfastersp