28718.質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)錄激活基因ptac7的圖位克隆與功能研究

1、上海師范大學碩士學位論文質(zhì)體轉(zhuǎn)錄激活基因pTAC7的圖位克隆與功能研究姓名：蘆楊申請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：生物化學與分子生物學指導教師：楊仲南20100301上海師范人學碩士學位論文摘要AbstractChloroplastsarespecializedorganellesfoundinplantcellsandgreenalgaethatconductphotosynthesisBesidesphotosynthesischloropl

2、astsarealsoinvolvedwithothervariousbiologicalevents：includingstarch，fattyacid，aminoacids，pigmentnucleicacidsandproteinsynthesisincellsandSOonChloroplastsaregeneticsemiautonomousorganellesandhavetheirowngenomeInArabidopsi

3、s，chloroplastscontain100geneswhichonlyencodeabout80proteins(MartinandHerrmann1998)Importantlychloroplast10calizedproteinassembliescontainnotonlyplastidencodedsubunitsbutalsonuclearencodedproteins(McFadden1999)Thevastmajo

4、rityofthegreaterthan2，000proteinsthathavefunctionsinthechloroplastareencodedbynucleargenestranslatedinthecytos01andsubsequentlyimportedintot11echloroplast(AbdallaJletal。2000)Therefore，coordinatedexpressionofthesegenesinc

5、hloroplastrequiredtoorganizebetweenplastidsandthenucleusConsistentwiththeneedforintercompartmentalcommunicationexpressionofplastidencodedgenesiSregulatedbyabaaeryofnuclearencodedproteinsTheexpressionofplastidencodedgenei

6、scardedoutatleastbytwoI礬ApolymerasesofdifferentoriginfHUandBogorad1990；IgloiandKo”ssel，1992；LerbsMache1993；PfannschmidtandLink1994；LiereandMaliga1999；Shiinaetal。2005)OneiStheplastidencodedpolymerase(PEP)，whichisamultisub

7、unitenzymecomplexandhasbeenretainedfromtheancestralendosymbiontTheotherisnuclearencodedpolymerase州EP)，phagetype，madeofasinglesubunitAIthoughgenestranscribedbvbothNEPandPEPpolymerasesexist，ingeneral，asequentialactionoccur

8、s：geneswithNEPpromotersaretranscribedearlyinchloroplastdevelopmentandareinvolvedinhousekeepingfunctions，primarilyconstitutingtheplastidgeneticmachinery，includingthesubunitsofPEPThereafterPEPiSinvolvedintheexpressionofpho

9、tosynthesisrelatedgenes(LopezJuezeta12006；Hajdukiewiczeta11997)SincePEPaccountsforthetranscriptionofphotosyntheticgenesandthecorrectexpressionofphotosyntheticgenesiStightlyconnectionwithchloroplastdevelopmentitiSessentia

10、ltomaintainthePEPactivityforchloroplastdevelopment，andanyfactorswhichaffecttheactivitymayblockchloroplastdevelopmentAlthoughthecoresubunitsofPEPcomplexareplastidencoded。thetranscriptionactivityofPEPneedtheparticipationof

11、nuclearencodedfactorsSeveralreportsindicatedthatsubunitsofthePEPCOrearepresentintwoplastidproteinpreparationsthetranscriptionallyactivechromosome(TAC)andthesolubleRNApolymerase(sRNAP)(19loiandKossel，1992；Krauseeta1，2000；

12、Pfalzeta1，2006)Manyeffortshavebeenmadetopufffyandidentifytheseproteinsfromunicellularalgae(Hallicketa1，1976；RushlowandHallick，1982；Naritaeta1，1985)andhigherplants(BriatandMache1980；ReissandLink1985；KrupinskaandFalk1994；P

13、fannschmidteta12000；Suzukieta12004)since1970’SRecentlyPfalzandhiscolleage(2006)purifiedTACsfromArabidopsisandmustard(Sinapisalba)andidentified18newcomponents，calledplastidtranscriptionallyactivechromosomeproteins(pTACs)H