電氣類外文翻譯3

1、<p><b>　　文獻(xiàn)</b></p><p>　　傳統(tǒng)上，交流電壓變換是通過(guò)變壓器的電磁感應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展，地球資源的逐漸枯竭，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)人類社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的采用大量銅、鐵等貴金屬的變壓器將逐漸退出歷史舞臺(tái)，而由電力電子元件組成可調(diào)壓AC/AC變換器來(lái)代替，這種斬波式調(diào)壓電路具有高次諧波影響較小、功率因數(shù)高、動(dòng)態(tài)影響快及具有寬的調(diào)壓范圍等優(yōu)點(diǎn),適用于工礦企業(yè)大

2、量使用的間歇性負(fù)載異步電動(dòng)機(jī)拖動(dòng)機(jī)械的節(jié)能運(yùn)行,具有一定的推廣價(jià)值。</p><p>　　交流斬波調(diào)壓，一般有三種拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)：</p><p>　　單管反串聯(lián)雙向電子開關(guān)斬控式交流調(diào)壓。用二極管和IGBT分別構(gòu)成雙向波開關(guān)和雙向續(xù)流開關(guān)，用二組電感和電容分別組成低通輸入、輸出濾波器。這種連接IGBT與二極管特性配合好，并可減小引線電感對(duì)換流的影響。該拓?fù)洳捎脦щ娏鳈z測(cè)的非互補(bǔ)控制方式，開關(guān)模

3、式由電壓極性決定，避免了調(diào)壓中主開關(guān)和續(xù)流開關(guān)換相過(guò)程引起的共態(tài)運(yùn)行，開關(guān)器件無(wú)換相過(guò)電壓。該拓?fù)湓跓崴?、靜電除塵器中、小功率阻性負(fù)載應(yīng)用中有較大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。</p><p>　　雙開關(guān)斬控式交流調(diào)壓電路。這種拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)中，斬波開關(guān)和續(xù)流開關(guān)都是由四個(gè)獨(dú)立的單功率開關(guān)反并聯(lián)續(xù)流二極管構(gòu)成，與單管反串聯(lián)雙向電子開關(guān)斬控式交流調(diào)壓電路有異曲同工之妙，但結(jié)構(gòu)上更加清晰明了，目前有文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道它通過(guò)附加緩沖電路已應(yīng)用在大功率場(chǎng)合

4、。</p><p>　　單管雙向電子開關(guān)斬控式交流調(diào)壓電路。該拓?fù)錇橐环N經(jīng)濟(jì)型單管交流調(diào)壓電路，開關(guān)管對(duì)整流脈動(dòng)輸出電壓進(jìn)行斬波，從而達(dá)到調(diào)壓目的。這種結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，無(wú)續(xù)流回路，且只有一路驅(qū)動(dòng)信號(hào)。但這種電路只能用于阻性負(fù)載，所需的濾波電容比較大，且要求電容能通過(guò)較大的交流電流。由于電容積分效應(yīng)，電路動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)變慢，故其適用于成本低、性能要求不高、容量較小的交流調(diào)壓中。</p><p>　　交流

5、斬波調(diào)壓技術(shù)是一種新型的高性能的交流調(diào)壓技術(shù)，在中小交流調(diào)壓領(lǐng)域獲得廣泛應(yīng)用。 為實(shí)現(xiàn)AC/AC電壓變換，過(guò)去曾經(jīng)用雙向晶閘管的相控方法，來(lái)做恒頻下的降壓調(diào)節(jié)，由于晶閘管是半控元件，這樣的調(diào)節(jié)會(huì)造成很大的電壓畸變，產(chǎn)生諧波、消耗無(wú)功功率和功率因數(shù)變差，近年來(lái)人們已廣泛利用全控型電力電子開關(guān)進(jìn)行斬波控制來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。</p><p>　　絕緣柵雙極型晶體管IGBT是由MOSFET和雙極型晶體管復(fù)合而成的一種器件，其輸入極

6、為MOSFET，輸出極為PNP晶體管，因此，可以把其看作是MOS輸入的達(dá)林頓管。它融和了這兩種器件的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，既具有MOSFET器件驅(qū)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)單和快速的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，又具有雙極型器件容量大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因而，在現(xiàn)代電力電子技術(shù)中得到了越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。    在中大功率的開關(guān)電源裝置中，IGBT由于其控制驅(qū)動(dòng)電路簡(jiǎn)單、工作頻率較高、容量較大的特點(diǎn)，已逐步取代晶閘管或GTO。但是在開關(guān)電源裝置中，由于它工作在高頻與高電

7、壓、大電流的條件下，使得它容易損壞，另外，電源作為系統(tǒng)的前級(jí)，由于受電網(wǎng)波動(dòng)、雷擊等原因的影響使得它所承受的應(yīng)力更大，故IGBT的可靠性直接關(guān)系到電源的可靠性。因而，在選擇IGBT時(shí)除了要作降額考慮外，對(duì)IGBT的保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)也是電源設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)需要重點(diǎn)考慮的一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。</p><p>　　literature</p><p>　　Traditionally, the AC voltage tra

8、nsform realizes through the electromagnetic induction of the transformer. With the development of modern society, the earth resources exhausted gradually. In order to realize the sustainable development of the human soci

9、ety, traditional transformer which use plenty of copper, iron those precious metal will gradually exit the stage of history, and replace by the AC/AC converter with power electronic, this chopping type surge higher harmo

10、nic circuit has the advanta</p><p>　　Ac chopper surge, generally there are three kinds of topology structures:</p><p>　　1).The single pipe the two-way series electronic switch cut controlled alt

11、ernating voltage regulation. Using diode and IGBT a two-way switch and the wave respectively for two-way flow switch, with two groups of stray inductance and capacitance respectively low-pass input and output filter. A g

12、ood connection for IGBT and diode characteristics can reduce the influence of the inductor leads the exchange flow. The topology of the electric current detection using belt of complementary control mode, s</p>&l

13、t;p>　　2).Double switch cut controlled alternating voltage regulation circuit. This topology structure, the chopper switch and forwarding the flow switch is made up of four independent single power switch the parallel

14、free-wheeling diode structure, and the single pipe series two-way electronic switch cut controlled alternating voltage regulation circuit the same wonderful, but structure more clear, there are reports in the literature

15、it through the additional buffer circuit has already been used in hig</p><p>　　3) Single pipe two-way electronic switch cut controlled alternating voltage regulation circuit. This topology is a cost-effectiv

16、e single pipe alternating voltage regulation circuit, switch tube rectifier pulse output voltage of the chopper, so as to achieve the purpose surge. This kind of structure is simple and no free-wheeling loop with only dr

17、iving all the way to the signal. But this circuit can only be used for resistance load, the filter capacitance is bigger, and require capacitance can th</p><p>　　Ac chopper pressure regulating technology is

18、a new type of high performance alternating voltage regulation technology, in small and medium-sized alternating voltage regulation field being widely applied. To realize the AC/AC voltage transform, people used to use tw

19、o-way thyristor phased method, to do under the constant frequency adjust blood pressure, because the thyristor is half control components, such regulation could do a lot of voltage distortion, harmonic generation, consum

20、e reactive powe</p><p>　　Insulated gate bipolar transistor gate IGBT compound a bipolar transistors MOSFET into a device, the input is very MOSFET, output is extremely PNP transistor. Therefore, it can be as

21、 the input of MOS Darlington. It blends the advantages of the two devices. It has both the MOSFET device driver simple and quick advantages and bipolar type device the advantages of large capacity. So in the modern socie

22、ty power electronic technology is getting more and more widely used.</p><p>　　In high power switch power in the device, IGBT has gradually replaced the thyristor or GTO because its control driving circuit is

23、 simple, high frequency and the characteristic of the large capacity. But in switching power supply device, it is easy to damage because it works in the high frequency and high voltage, large current conditions. In addit