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1、TheFederalistNo.11TheUtilityoftheUnioninRespecttoCommercialRelationsaNavyIndependentJournalSaturdayNovember241787[AlexerHamilton]TothePeopleoftheStateofNewYk:THEimptanceoftheUnioninacommerciallightisoneofthosepointsabout

2、whichthereisleastroomtoentertainadifferenceofopinionwhichhasinfactcommedthemostgeneralassentofmenwhohaveanyacquaintancewiththesubject.Thisappliesaswelltoourintercoursewithfeigncountriesaswitheachother.Thereareappearances

3、toauthizeasuppositionthattheadventurousspiritwhichdistinguishesthecommercialacterofAmericahasalreadyexciteduneasysensationsinseveralofthemaritimepowersofEurope.Theyseemtobeapprehensiveofourtoogreatinterferenceinthatcarry

4、ingtradewhichisthesupptoftheirnavigationthefoundationoftheirnavalstrength.ThoseofthemwhichhavecoloniesinAmericalookfwardtowhatthiscountryiscapableofbecomingwithpainfulsolicitude.TheyfeseethedangersthatmaythreatentheirAme

5、ricandominionsfromtheneighbhoodofStateswhichhaveallthedispositionswouldpossessallthemeansrequisitetothecreationofapowerfulmarine.Impressionsofthiskindwillnaturallyindicatethepolicyoffosteringdivisionsamongusofdeprivingus

6、asfaraspossibleofanACTIVECOMMERCEinourownbottoms.Thiswouldanswerthethreefoldpurposeofpreventingourinterferenceintheirnavigationofmonopolizingtheprofitsofourtradeofclippingthewingsbywhichwemightsoartoadangerousgreatness.D

7、idnotprudencefbidthedetailitwouldnotbedifficulttotracebyfactsthewkingsofthispolicytothecabisofministers.Ifwecontinueunitedwemaycounteractapolicysounfriendlytoourprosperityinavarietyofways.Byprohibityregulationsextendinga

8、tthesametimethroughouttheStateswemayobligefeigncountriestobidagainsteachotherftheprivilegesofourmarkets.Thisassertionwillnotappearchimericaltothosewhoareabletoappreciatetheimptanceofthemarketsofthreemillionsofpeopleincre

9、asinginrapidprogressionfthemostpartexclusivelyaddictedtoagriculturelikelyfromlocalcircumstancestoremainsotoanymanufacturingnationcommercialprivileges.Apricewouldbesetnotonlyuponourfriendshipbutuponourneutrality.Byasteady

10、adherencetotheUnionwemayhopeerelongtobecomethearbiterofEuropeinAmericatobeabletoinclinethebalanceofEuropeancompetitionsinthispartofthewldasourinterestmaydictate.Butinthereverseofthiseligiblesituationweshalldiscoverthatth

11、erivalshipsofthepartswouldmakethemchecksuponeachotherwouldfrustrateallthetemptingadvantageswhichnaturehaskindlyplacedwithinourreach.Inastatesoinsignificantourcommercewouldbeapreytothewantonintermeddlingsofallnationsatwar

12、witheachotherwhohavingnothingtofearfromuswouldwithlittlescrupleremsesupplytheirwantsbydepredationsonourpropertyasoftenasitfellintheirway.Therightsofneutralitywillonlyberespectedwhentheyaredefendedbyanadequatepower.Anatio

13、ndespicablebyitsweaknessffeitseventheprivilegeofbeingneutral.UnderavigousnationalgovernmentthenaturalstrengthresourcesofthecountrydirectedtoacommoninterestwouldbaffleallthecombinationsofEuropeanjealousytorestrainourgrowt

14、h.Thissituationwouldeventakeawaythemotivetosuchcombinationsbyinducinganimpracticabilityofsuccess.Anactivecommerceanextensivenavigationaflourishingmarinewouldthenbetheoffspringofmalphysicalnecessity.Wemightdefythelittlear

15、tsofthelittlepoliticianstocontrolvarytheirresistibleunchangeablecourseofnature.Butinastateofdisunionthesecombinationsmightexistmightoperatewithsuccess.Itwouldbeinthepowerofthemaritimenationsavailingthemselvesofourunivers

16、alimpotencetoprescribetheconditionsofourpoliticalexistenceastheyhaveacommoninterestinbeingourcarriersstillmeinpreventingourbecomingtheirstheywouldinallprobabilitycombinetoembarrassournavigationinsuchamanneraswouldineffec

17、tdestroyitconfineustoaPASSIVECOMMERCE.Weshouldthenbecompelledtocontentourselveswiththefirstpriceofourcommoditiestoseetheprofitsofourtradesnatchedfromustoenrichourenemiesprsecuts.Thatunequaledspiritofenterprisewhichsignal

18、izesthegeniusoftheAmericanmerchantsnavigatswhichisinitselfaninexhaustiblemineofnationalwealthwouldbestifledlostpovertydisgracewouldoverspreadacountrywhichwithwisdommightmakeherselftheadmirationenvyofthewld.Therearerights

19、ofgreatmomenttothetradeofAmericawhicharerightsoftheUnionIalludetothefisheriestothenavigationoftheWesternlakestothatoftheMississippi.ThedissolutionoftheConfederacywouldgiveroomfdelicatequestionsconcerningthefutureexistenc

20、eoftheserightswhichtheinterestofmepowerfulpartnerswouldhardlyfailtosolvetoourdisadvantage.ThedispositionofSpainwithregardtotheMississippineedsnocomment.FranceBritainareconcernedwithusinthefisheriesviewthemasoftheutmostmo

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