【2014高考調(diào)研】（新課標(biāo)·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語（高三總復(fù)習(xí)）unit 1 lifestyles（課件）

1、Units 1~3Unit 1 Lifestyles基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理詞匯梳理1. ______ n. 生活方式2. ______ adj. 和平的；平靜的 ______ n. 和平；平靜3. ______ adj. 輕松的；放松的 ______ v. 放松；使輕松4. ______ adj. 充滿壓力的；緊張的 ______ n. 壓力；緊張5. ______ vt. 認(rèn)為；猜想,6. ______ v

2、i. 抱怨；投訴 ______ n. 抱怨；投訴7. ______ vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換；轉(zhuǎn)變8. ______ adj. 便攜式的；手提式的9. ______ adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的10. ______ n. 警報(bào)；警告器11. ______ adj. 急迫的；緊急的12. ______ adj. 私人的；個(gè)人的13. ______ n. 公文；文件14. ______ n. 午夜；半夜,15. ______ a

3、dj. 厭煩的；不感興趣的 ______ adj. 令人厭煩的 ______ v. 使厭煩16. ______ n. 專家17. ______ vi. 感到疼痛；遭受痛苦 ______ n. 遭受；遭罪18. ______ n. 壓力19. ______ vt. & vi. 減少；降低20. ______ vt. 組織 ______ n. 組織,21. ______ n. 飲食22. ____

4、__ vt. 更喜歡；寧愿 ______ n. 偏愛；更喜歡23. ______ vt. 忍受；忍耐24. ______ n. 志愿者25. ______ vi. 畢業(yè) ______ n. 畢業(yè) ______ n. 畢業(yè)生26. ______ n. 挑戰(zhàn) ______ adj. 具有挑戰(zhàn)性的,27. ______ vt.& n. 支持；支撐 ______ n. 支持者28. ______ n.&a

5、mp; vt. 設(shè)計(jì)29. ______ n. 廣告 ______ vt. 為……做廣告30. ______ n. 表演；展示31. ______ vt. 解決；解答32. ______ n. 會(huì)計(jì)；會(huì)計(jì)師 ______ v. 計(jì)算,33. ______ adj. 擁擠的 ______ n. 人群34. ______ adv. 否則；另外35. ______ n. 預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)36. ______ n.

6、 距離 ______ adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的37. ______ adj. 正式的；合禮儀的 ______ (反義詞)不合禮儀的,自我校對(duì)1.lifestyle 2.peaceful; peace 3.relaxing; relax 4.stressful; stress 5.suppose 6.complain; complaint 7.switch 8.portable 9.remote 10.alarm 1

7、1.urgent 12.personal 13.document 14.midnight 15.bored; boring; bore 16.expert 17.suffer; suffering 18.pressure 19.reduce 20.organize; organization 21.diet 22.prefer; preference,23.stand 24.volunteer 25.gradu

8、ate; graduation; graduate 26.challenge; challenging 27.support; supporter 28.design 29.advertisement; advertise 30.presentation 31.solve 32.accountant; account 33.crowded; crowd 34.otherwise 35.forecast 36.di

9、stance; distant 37.formal; informal,短語梳理1. ______ 把開關(guān)打開；接通2. ______ 轉(zhuǎn)換頻道；轉(zhuǎn)變3. ______ 把……關(guān)掉；關(guān)上4. ______ 遙控5. ______ 鬧鐘6. ______ (爆竹、鈴等)響7. ______ 占據(jù)8. ______ 充滿著9. ______ 忍受；遭受10. ______ 此刻；目前11. __

10、____ 數(shù)年間12. ______ 為……做好準(zhǔn)備,自我校對(duì)1.switch on 2.switch over 3.switch off 4.remote control 5.alarm clock 6.go off 7.take up 8.be filled with 9.suffer from 10.at the moment 11.over the years 12.prepare for,重點(diǎn)知識(shí)探

11、究重點(diǎn)單詞1. matter vi.要緊；重要；有重大關(guān)系； n.物質(zhì)；問題；毛病During the catastrophe every contribution matters.在大災(zāi)難時(shí)期,每一份貢獻(xiàn)都很重要。It doesn’t really matter to me if we don’t see the film — I’ve seen it already anyway.我們看不看那部電影對(duì)我來說無所謂,反正我

12、已經(jīng)看過了。,知識(shí)梳理(1)matter vi.意為to be important；同義詞有count。其主語可以是sth. / to do sth. / doing sth. 或者主語從句，it 可作形式主語代替從句。(2)相關(guān)短語：a matter of ... (是)一個(gè)……的事情/問題to make matters worse 更糟糕的是as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上；不瞞你說；事實(shí)上It doesn

13、’t matter 沒關(guān)系。It matters / doesn’t matter (to sb. )+主語從句,Whether or not it’s healthier to be a vegetarian is a matter of opinion.吃素是否有益于健康,那就見仁見智了。It’s a matter of pride, and I can’t let him beat me.這是個(gè)自尊的問題,我不能讓他打敗我

14、。I didn’t know what was the matter.我不知道發(fā)生了何事。I didn’t know what the matter was.我不知道那種物質(zhì)是什么。點(diǎn)津提示疑問句What’s the matter？(怎么回事？)中what是主語,作為從句時(shí)語序不變。,探究練習(xí)(2013·銀川檢測(cè))You don’t need to explain so much about this theor

15、y to Peter. ______, he is clever enough to understand it.A. As a matter of fact B. AnywayC. In return D. In a way,【解析】 A 句意：關(guān)于這一理論你不必向彼得解釋這么多。實(shí)際上,他很聰明,能夠理解它。as a matter of fact“實(shí)際上”； anyway“無論如何”； in return

16、“作為回報(bào)”； in a way“在某種程度上”。,2. suppose vt.認(rèn)為；猜想；假設(shè)I supposed him in his boss’s office but Mary supposed him to be with his parents.我認(rèn)為他在他老板的辦公室,但是瑪麗則認(rèn)為他在他父母那里。Most people supposed that this time the athlete from Japan m

17、ight be beaten by his old rival.大部分人都認(rèn)為這一次這位來自于日本的運(yùn)動(dòng)員會(huì)被他的老對(duì)手打敗。,知識(shí)梳理(1)suppose +sb. / sth. +to do / adj. / prep.-phrasesuppose + that-clause 猜想；認(rèn)為(2)be supposed to do sth. 理應(yīng)做某事(3)suppose / supposing + that-cla

18、use 假定；假設(shè),Suppose / Supposing (that) they can’t finish the work in time, we will have to put off the date of the ceremony.假如他們沒能及時(shí)完成工作,我們就得推遲典禮的日期。You are supposed to finish it before dark.你應(yīng)該在天黑前完成這項(xiàng)工作?！?If you do

19、n’t observe the rules here, you will be fined.如果你不遵從這里的規(guī)矩,你會(huì)被罰款的?！?I suppose so.我想是這樣。,I don’t suppose he will come today, will he?我認(rèn)為他今天不會(huì)來,對(duì)嗎？點(diǎn)津提示(1)當(dāng)主語是第一人稱,suppose 后接否定從句時(shí),應(yīng)將否定提前,即否定suppose 。像這樣需要否定前移的動(dòng)詞還有think

20、, believe, imagine等。形式上否定主句,實(shí)際上否定從句。,(2)當(dāng)主語是第一人稱, suppose, think, believe, imagine 等接賓語從句時(shí),其反意疑問句要與從句保持一致。(3)在suppose后可用so來代替that從句,避免重復(fù)表達(dá)過的想法。注意：可以說I think / believe / suppose / expect so. I don’t think / believe / sup

21、pose / expect so. I think / believe / suppose / expect not.也可以說I guess / hope / am afraid so. I guess / hope / am afraid not.但不可以說I don’t guess / hope so.也不可以說I’m not afraid so.,探究練習(xí)— You should apologize to her, Barry.

22、— ______, but it’s not going to be easy.A. I suppose so B. I feel soC. I prefer to D. I like to,【解析】 A 考查交際用語。句意：——你應(yīng)該向她道歉,巴里?！蚁胧堑?但道歉并不是件容易的事。,高考體驗(yàn)(2011·遼寧)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Yo

23、u’re ______ to be asleep.A. supposed B. knownC. thought D. considered,【解析】 A 考查suppose的用法。句意：湯姆，你不在床上，你在做什么？你應(yīng)該睡覺了。be supposed to do sth. 為固定搭配，意為“應(yīng)該做某事”，故選A。,3. relaxing adj. 輕松的；放松的I want to take up a rel

24、axing job instead of this one.我想從事一份輕松的工作而不是這一份。A relaxing smile appeared on his face when he heard the news. 當(dāng)他聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí),臉上露出了放松的微笑。,發(fā)散思維relaxed adj. (人)放松的；輕松的I felt very relaxed after finishing the job.完成這項(xiàng)工作后,我覺得

25、非常放松。relax vt. 使放松After a tiring tour, we can have a bath to relax ourselves.令人疲倦的長途旅行之后,我們可以洗個(gè)澡放松一下。,探究練習(xí)From the ______ expression on her face, we can know that she is not upset any more. A. stressful

26、B. relaxingC. stressed D. relaxed,【解析】 D 考查形容詞辨析。relaxed 修飾人,表示“放松的”。句意：從她臉上放松的表情可以知道,她不再感到緊張不安了。,4. complain vt. 抱怨；控訴She is always complaining about something.她總是怨天尤人。The boy complained of a pain in his stom

27、ach.這個(gè)男孩兒說他肚子疼。知識(shí)梳理(1)complain vt. & vi.complain to sb. about / at sth. 向某人抱怨、投訴某物complain of sth. 訴說某物complain to sb. that 從句 向某人抱怨、投訴……,(2)make a complaint n. 不滿；抱怨；投訴complaint about / against / of sth. 不滿/抱

28、怨/訴苦的原因、理由make a complaint that從句 不滿/抱怨的原因、理由make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨/控訴某物a formal complaint 正式的控訴a letter of complaint 投訴信,探究練習(xí)All these years, the husband has been suffering from his wife’s consta

29、nt ______.A. complaining B. speakingC. complain D. unsatisfaction,【解析】 A 句意：這么多年以來,丈夫一直在忍受妻子無休止的嘮叨?？疾榱薱omplain表示“嘮叨；抱怨”之意的用法。此處應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式。故選擇A項(xiàng)。,高考體驗(yàn)(2011·上海)It’s no use ______ without taking action.A.

30、 complain B. complainingC. being complained D. to be complained,【解析】 B 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：不采取行動(dòng)而只是抱怨是沒有用的。It’s no use doing是固定句式，所以B為正確答案。,5. switch vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換；轉(zhuǎn)變 n. 開關(guān)；閘；(某物突然的)改變；轉(zhuǎn)變We have been in the process of switchin

31、g over to a new system of invoicing. 我們正在轉(zhuǎn)變成新的發(fā)票制度。Please switch off the lights when you leave.你離開的時(shí)候請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)上。Which switch do I press to turn it off?我按哪個(gè)開關(guān)就把它關(guān)了？,知識(shí)梳理switch sth. over from sth. to sth. / between sth. a

32、nd sth. 將某物由某物改變成某物switch sth. with sth. 把某物和某物交換switch off 把……關(guān)掉；關(guān)上switch on 把開關(guān)打開；接通switch over 切換頻道；轉(zhuǎn)變a light switch 電燈開關(guān)a policy switch 政策的轉(zhuǎn)變make a switch from A to B 將某物由……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?探究練習(xí)(1)I fell

33、asleep while working last night, forgetting to ______ the light.A. switch on B. switch overC. turn on D. switch off,【解析】 D 考查了短語switch off表示“切斷；關(guān)上”之意的用法。switch on 相當(dāng)于turn on 是“打開”之意,與語境不符合。switch over是“轉(zhuǎn)換過來

34、”之意。,(2)翻譯句子。第一個(gè)孩子出生后,她就從全日工作改為非全日工作。_______________________________________________。,【答案】 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.,6. alarm n. 警報(bào)；警告器；驚恐；驚慌 v. 使驚恐；使害怕“What

35、have you done?”, Eliie cried in alarm.“你都干了些什么?” 艾麗驚恐地問。The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers. 機(jī)長知道一臺(tái)引擎發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)出了故障,不過,他不想驚動(dòng)乘客。The child was alarmed at the big noise.這個(gè)小孩被巨大的噪

36、音嚇了一跳。,知識(shí)梳理give the alarm 發(fā)警報(bào)raise the alarm 發(fā)警報(bào)set the alarm clock 設(shè)置鬧鐘ring the alarm 敲警鐘sound the alarm 發(fā)警報(bào)；吹警報(bào)號(hào)take (the) alarm at 對(duì)……感到吃驚；因……而驚恐be alarmed at ... 被……嚇一跳be alarmed for ... 放心不

37、下；擔(dān)心……的安全,探究練習(xí)If you meet with something dangerous, please ______ the alarm.A. give B. raiseC. ring D. all the above,【解析】 D 考查了give / raise / ring the alarm 表示“報(bào)警”之意的用法。故選擇D項(xiàng)。,7. bored adj. 厭倦的；厭煩的I was b

38、ored to death.我厭煩得要死。There was a bored expression on her face.她的臉上有一種厭煩的表情。The children quickly got bored with staying indoors.孩子們?cè)谖葑永锖芸炀痛舨蛔×恕?知識(shí)梳理be bored with sb. / sth. 對(duì)某人/某物厭煩be bored with doing sth.

39、厭煩做某事be bored to tears / death 厭煩透了發(fā)散思維boredom n. 無聊；厭倦boring adj. 無聊的；厭倦的,巧學(xué)助記He was bored with the ads.他厭煩了那些廣告。,I started to eat too much out of sheer boredom.由于實(shí)在無聊,我開始無節(jié)制地大吃起來。He is such a boring man.他就是這

40、么一個(gè)無聊的人。,探究練習(xí)He was so ______ the job that he made up his mind to quit it.A. tired from B. tired withC. bored with D. bored from,【解析】 C 考查了固定短語be bored with sth. 表示“對(duì)某物厭煩”之意的用法。be bored with相當(dāng)于be tired of,而

41、be tired with / from是“因?yàn)槟呈露鴦诶邸敝?，不符合語境。,8. suffer vi. & vt. 感到疼痛；遭受(痛苦)I hate to see animals suffering.我不忍心看到動(dòng)物受苦。Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff.許多公司苦于缺乏熟練員工。The team suffered a fa

42、tal defeat in the match.這支隊(duì)伍在比賽中遭受了致命的失敗。,知識(shí)梳理suffer from sth. 遭受某物suffer for sth. 因?yàn)槟澄锒芸鄐uffer losses 遭受損失發(fā)散思維sufferer n. 受苦者；受難者suffering n. 疼痛；折磨；痛苦；苦惱She received many letters of support from fello

43、w sufferers.她收到了許多與她有共同遭遇的人的來信,表示支持。This war has caused widespread human suffering.這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給很多人帶來了苦難。,求同存異suffer / suffer fromsuffer 用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),所接的賓語多為hardship, heavy loss, injury, punishment 等,表示一般的損害。而suffer from多接表示具體的不

44、幸的名詞作賓語。,探究練習(xí)— How is she recently?— She has been ______ a high fever for several days.A. suffered B. suffering fromC. fallen D. catching,【解析】 B suffer from a high fever“發(fā)高燒”。catch為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,故不應(yīng)該與for +一段時(shí)間連用。

45、而A項(xiàng)應(yīng)該改為suffering。,9. reduce vt.& vi. 減少；降低；使陷入；使淪落為We should reduce the living cost.我們應(yīng)該減少生活開支。The number of the students was reduced to 2 000.學(xué)生的數(shù)量被減少到了兩千。They were reduced to begging in the street.他們淪落為沿街乞討。,

46、知識(shí)梳理reduce sth. from sth. to sth. 將某物從……降到……reduce sth. to ... 減少到了多少reduce sth. by ... 減少了多少reduce sb. / sth. to ... / doing ...使某人/某物淪落為某種處境,探究練習(xí)______ from 40 to 20, the number of the students who come to th

47、e lecture is very small.A. Reduced B. ReducingC. Increased D. Decreasing,【解析】 A 考查了reduce sth. from ... to ...表示“將某物由……降到……”之意的用法。另外,此處應(yīng)該用過去分詞形式作狀語。,10. organize vt. 組織；安排；處理I will invite people if you can o

48、rganize food and drinks. 如果你能夠籌備飲食,我就負(fù)責(zé)請(qǐng)人。We don’t fully understand how the brain is organized.我們不完全了解大腦是怎樣構(gòu)成的。,探究練習(xí)In order to finish the job ahead of time, the manager ______ us ______ three groups.A. realized

49、； to B. organized； intoC. organized； in D. treated； into,【解析】 B 考查了organize ... into ... 表示“將某人/某物組成……”之意的用法。,11. diet n. 飲食；節(jié)食 vt. 節(jié)食；吃規(guī)定飲食To keep healthy, we should have a balanced diet.為了保持身體健康,我們應(yīng)該平衡飲食。Sh

50、e is always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight. 她總是在節(jié)食,但是體重好像并未減少。,知識(shí)梳理be on a diet 在節(jié)食減肥go on a diet 節(jié)食a balanced diet 平衡飲食求同存異diet / fooddiet 指習(xí)慣的食物或飲食,是強(qiáng)調(diào)有規(guī)律的,健康的定量或定質(zhì)的食物,如病人的療養(yǎng)飲食。而

51、food是一般用語，泛指能夠吃喝的所有的東西。,探究練習(xí)He should have followed the doctor’s advice on ______. But he didn’t and he feels even worse now.A. food B. mealC. diet D. eating,【解析】 C 考查了diet表示“有規(guī)律的飲食”之意的用法,而food, meal均無此含義。

52、,12. prefer vt. 更喜歡；寧愿I prefer jazz to rock music.我喜歡爵士樂勝過搖滾樂。The donor prefers to remain anonymous.捐贈(zèng)者希望不披露姓名。I would prefer that you did not mention my name.我希望你不要說出我的名字。He preferred to die rather than surrender

53、. 他寧死不屈。,知識(shí)梳理prefer to do sth. 喜歡干某事prefer doing sth. 喜歡干某事prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 與干某事相比更喜歡干某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿干某事而不愿干某事prefer sb. to do sth. 寧愿某人干某事prefer that 從句(從句謂語動(dòng)詞多用虛擬語氣shoul

54、d do的形式),發(fā)散思維preference n. 偏愛；愛好；喜愛(的事)preferable adj. 偏愛的；更可取的It is a matter of personal preference.那是個(gè)人的愛好問題。Anything was preferable to the tense atmosphere at home. 什么都比家里的緊張氣氛好。,知識(shí)拓展give (a )preference to sb.

55、/ sth. 給某人/某物以優(yōu)惠；優(yōu)待in preference to sb. / sth. 而不是/優(yōu)先于be preferable to sb. / sth. 比某人/某物更可??；更好,探究練習(xí)Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ a bicycle.A. ride； ride B. riding； rideC. rid

56、e； to ride D. to ride； riding,【解析】 C 考查了prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 表示“寧愿干某事而不愿干某事”之意的用法。,13. stand vt. 忍耐；忍受I can’t stand his brother. 他弟弟讓我受不了。Lily can’t stand working with such a rude man.莉莉受不了與這樣一個(gè)

57、粗魯?shù)娜斯彩隆?特別提示stand 表示“容忍；忍受”時(shí),多接名詞、代詞或doing的形式作賓語,常與can, could連用,一般用于否定句或疑問句,且不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)中。求同存異stand / bearstand 常用于人,指面對(duì)痛苦、艱難、侮辱時(shí)不畏縮,不后退。而bear指承受重量、負(fù)擔(dān)等,有時(shí)可以與短語put up with通用。,探究練習(xí)I am sorry to tell you that I can’t _____

58、_ with me like that.A. stand you talk B. stand you to talkC. stand your talking D. stand you talked,【解析】 C 考查了stand doing sth. 表示“容忍做某事”之意的用法。,14. graduate vi. 畢業(yè) n. 畢業(yè)生She graduated from Standford with a degr

59、ee in law.她從斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè),并獲得法學(xué)學(xué)位。知識(shí)梳理graduate from 畢業(yè)于……graduate in ... 畢業(yè)于……專業(yè)a graduate from / of ... in ... 一個(gè)……的畢業(yè)生,探究練習(xí)My sister is ______, and I feel proud of her ve

60、ry much.A. graduated from Beijing UniversityB. a graduate of Beijing UniversityC. graduate in Beijing UniversityD. graduate of Beijing University,【解析】 B 考查了graduate 用作可數(shù)名詞,表示“畢業(yè)生”之意的用法。,15. challenge n. 挑戰(zhàn) vt. 向……挑

61、戰(zhàn)It was a direct challenge to the president’s authority.這是對(duì)主席權(quán)威的直接質(zhì)疑。Every teacher ought to be challenging kids to think about current issues.所有老師都應(yīng)該激勵(lì)學(xué)生思考當(dāng)前的問題。The manager challenged us to finish the job ahead of t

62、he schedule.經(jīng)理挑戰(zhàn)我們提前完成任務(wù)。,知識(shí)梳理accept / take a challenge 接受挑戰(zhàn)meet the challenge of ... 迎接……的挑戰(zhàn)challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑戰(zhàn)干某事,探究練習(xí)AIDS control and prevention is a ______ to China as well as the whole wor

63、ld.A. surprise B. challengeC. reaction D. threat,【解析】 B 考查了challenge表示“挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”之意的用法。surprise是“驚訝”；reaction是“反應(yīng)”；threat是“威脅”,均不符合句意。,16. support n.& vt. 支持；支撐Mark has two children to support from his firs

64、t marriage. 馬克得供養(yǎng)他第一次婚姻生的兩個(gè)孩子。Only a few people spoke in support of the proposal.只有幾個(gè)人表示支持這一提議。,知識(shí)梳理support oneself 自謀生計(jì)；自力更生support a family 養(yǎng)家糊口in support of 支持；擁護(hù)come to one’s support 支持某人give /

65、 offer / lend support to 支持；援助,探究練習(xí)I had planned to travel around the country alone, but neither of my parents ______ the idea.A. interested B. agreedC. promised D. supported,【解析】 D 考查了support 表示“支持”之意的用法

66、。agree是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面接介詞with,表示“同意”；interest是“使(某人)感興趣”；promise是“許諾”，均不符合句意。,17. design n.& vt. 設(shè)計(jì)This film was designed only for adults.這部電影是專門為成年人設(shè)計(jì)的。He didn’t hurt you by design.他不是故意傷害你的。知識(shí)梳理by design 故意地d

67、esign sb. for / to be ... 打算讓某人從事某事design sth. for / to be ... 設(shè)計(jì)某物作……之用,探究練習(xí)In recent years, a series of landmark buildings which are ______ by international architects have been set up in Shanghai.A. made B.

68、 designedC. built D. constructed,【解析】 B design是及物動(dòng)詞,表示“設(shè)計(jì)”之意,符合語境,而其余三項(xiàng)均為干擾項(xiàng)。,18. distance n. 距離Sylvia could only run a short distance without getting out of breath.西爾維婭只能跑較短的距離,跑完了就會(huì)氣喘吁吁。We saw lights in the d

69、istance.我們看到了遠(yuǎn)處的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)星光。,知識(shí)梳理at a distance 隔開一段距離；距離稍遠(yuǎn)一些in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處within / out of distance 在……的范圍內(nèi)/離……太遠(yuǎn)keep one’s distance from 避開；不接近keep sb. at a distance 與某人保持一定距離發(fā)散思維distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)方的My