簡介：現(xiàn)今視覺藝術(shù)教育作為藝術(shù)學的一個重要分支學科，正在引起政府和學術(shù)界極大的關(guān)注，到了一個前所未有的發(fā)展機遇期。各類各級學校和相關(guān)的美術(shù)教育機構(gòu)除了在教學內(nèi)容和方法上進行改革外，同時也不斷的加強對美術(shù)教育理論的研究和探索。然而，到目前為止我國現(xiàn)代意義上的美術(shù)教育理論、改革和實踐主要是借鑒西方，由于起步晚、時間短，所以研究范圍所側(cè)重的仍然是當代美術(shù)教育的現(xiàn)狀，對于美術(shù)教育史中透射出來的相關(guān)課題和理論，幾乎沒有系統(tǒng)的研究。本課題立足西方美術(shù)發(fā)展歷程中最輝煌的文藝復興前后期，對其傳承的師徒制美術(shù)教育模式進行系統(tǒng)的分析和研究，希望能夠從中借鑒美術(shù)教育發(fā)展中的寶貴經(jīng)驗，以對我國的美術(shù)教育改革有所啟示。引論部分從學校美術(shù)教育和素質(zhì)教育的角度，闡明了本課題研究的意義與目的，并就研究的背景與狀況進行了介紹，從而提出了本課題研究的基本思路和方法。第一部分是對歷史的追溯，從原始時期、古典時期、中世紀到文藝復興四個歷史時段，對歐洲師徒傳承美術(shù)教育模式的基本發(fā)展脈胳進行了梳理。在論文的第二部分，作者就歐洲師徒傳承美術(shù)教育模式的特征，進行了表征和分析。工棚作坊作為歐洲師徒制美術(shù)教育模式特有的生存之所，為文藝復興藝術(shù)巔峰的到來造就了無數(shù)卓越的藝術(shù)大師，這種特有的師承模式形成了師徒如父子的“親師合一”特征。由于當時社會政治、經(jīng)濟的原因，藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的過程和生產(chǎn)制作是緊密結(jié)合在一起的，于是實踐性是當時師徒傳承教育的重要形式。而師徒制教育的主要內(nèi)容則是從臨摹開始。發(fā)展到中后期，單一的技藝傳承開始向，形成系統(tǒng)理論和法則的“學園”式師徒傳承形式發(fā)展。這表明隨著藝術(shù)家理論素養(yǎng)和造詣的提高，其自身地位開始提升，單一的作坊式工匠師徒傳承開始向系統(tǒng)化、理論化發(fā)展。第三部分是對意大利應(yīng)運而生的學院美術(shù)教育所繼承的師徒模式的特征、發(fā)展以及對世界美術(shù)教育的影響作了闡述。第四部分結(jié)合師徒傳承教育模式的特征，列舉了文藝復興早期和盛期兩位從師徒制教育模式中培育出來的大師喬托、達芬奇。對他們的藝術(shù)成長道路、藝術(shù)思想的形成和實踐，以及對世界美術(shù)發(fā)展的影響進行了一系列的論述。在論文的最后部分，作者就言傳身教和因材施教兩個方面對師徒傳承美術(shù)教育模式的價值和意義作了分析，并就其不可避免的歷史局限性和無法回避的現(xiàn)實合理性進行了客觀評價，指出此種模式對以班級授課制為主的學校美術(shù)教育具有補充的可能。

簡介：南京師范大學碩士學位論文利用生物科學史培養(yǎng)學生建模能力的教學模式研究姓名錢荷芳申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)學科教學生物指導教師張成軍20080428ABSTRACTONTHEBASISOFPSYCHOLOGYANDPEDAGOGYTHEORIES，PRESENTSTUDYEXPLORESTHECOMBINATIONOFBIOLOGYSCIENCEHISTORYANDINQUIRYLEARNING，INWHICHSOMETISSUESOFINQUIRYLEARNINGAREADDRESSEDBYMEANSOFBIOLOGYSCIENCEHISTORY。ANDSOMETEACHINGMODESAREPUTFORWARDINTHESEMODES，WITHBIOLOGYSCIENCEHISTORYASTHECARRIER，THEINQUIRINGLEARNINGWASACHIEVEDTHROUGHASERIESOFBASICUNITSINADDITION，AUTHORDESCRIBESTHETHEORETICBASE，IMPLEMENTINGPROCEDUREANDMATTERSNEEDINGATTENTION，ANDATTHESAMETIME，SOMETEACHINGCASESOFMODETEACHINGAREILLUSTRATEDATFIRSTBYREFERRINGANDSTUDYINGTHERELATIVETHEORIESONSCIENCEHISTORYANDMAKINGMODELSBOTHATHOMEANDABROAD；ANALYZINGTHEFUNCTIONOFBIOLOGICALSCIENCEHISTORYANDUSINGSCIENCEHISTORYTOFOSTERSTUDENTS’MINDOFPROBINGANDRESEARCHING；DEFININGTHEDEFINITIONOFTHEBIOLOGICALSCIENCEHISTORY，MAKINGMODELTEACHINGMODEANDANALYZINGTHETHEORIESOFLEARNING，LEARNINGPHILOSOPHY，INTERESTANDMOTIVATION，THEORETICALBASISOFTHETEACHINGMODEAREINITIALLYAPPROACBEDOFMAKINGMODELSANDUSINGBIOLOGICALSCIENCEHISTORYTOFOSTERSTUDENTS’ABILITYOFMAKINGMODELSTHEKEYELEMENTSOFTHOUGHTSHOWTOMAKEBIOLOGICALMODELSAREANALYZEDANDITISSTRESSEDTHATBIOLOGICALMODELSPLAYAVERYIMPORTANTROLEINBOTHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFBIOLOGYANDBIOLOGICALTEACHINGTHEGENERALTACTICSANDPRINCIPLESOFMAKINGBIOLOGICALMODELSAREGIVENHEREACCORDINGTOTHESETHEORIES，ITISANALYZEDTHECOMBINATIONOFBIOLOGICALSCIENCEHISTORYANDMAKINGBIOLOGICALMODELS，DEVELOPINGTHETEACHINGMODEOFUSINGBIOLOGICALHISTORYTOFOSTERSTUDENTS’ABILITYOFMAKINGBIOLOGICALMODELS“STUDYIMITATECREATE。ITMAKESCLEARTHATTHISTEACHINGMODESHOULDBEADAPTEDTHROUGHOUTTHETEACHINGPROCESSOFFOSTERINGSTUDENTS’ABILITYOFMAKINGMODELSTHROUGHPRACTICINGATSENIORHIGHSFHOOIINCHIN鞏THEAUTHORSUGGESTSFOSTERINGTHESTUDENTS’ABILITYOFPROBINGINTONEWTHINGSANDSCIENCEMINDOFINVENTIONBYFOSTERINGTHEIRABILITYOFMAKINGBIOLOGICALMODELSANDDIRECTINGTHEIRRESEARCHINGACTIVITIESKEYWORDSBIOLOGICALMODELS，BIOLOGICALSCIENCEHISTORY，MODELMAKINGABILITY

簡介：山東師范大學碩士學位論文第12屆與13屆歐洲足球錦標賽決賽階段進球情況的比較分析姓名王偉申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)體育教育訓練學指導教師劉濤20090413山東師范大學碩十學位論文有失誤就會失球。4第13屆和12屆歐錦賽決賽階段比賽中進球方式仍以腳射進球為主，其中搶點直接腳射是主要得分方式，這兩屆歐錦賽各隊搶點射門意識較為強烈，尤以13屆歐錦賽更為突出，說明在現(xiàn)代足球比賽中隊員可利用的時間和空間越來越小，隊員沒有更多的時間去調(diào)整，要想破門得分必須在最短的時間內(nèi)完成射門動作；13屆頭頂進球數(shù)比12屆少，但不妨礙它在現(xiàn)代足球戰(zhàn)術(shù)中扮演的重要作用，隨著足球運動的發(fā)展，頭頂球射門技術(shù)已成為現(xiàn)代足球比賽立體進攻的主要得分手段。5前鋒仍是12屆和13屆歐洲杯決賽中的主要得分位置，前衛(wèi)隊員得分能力的提高，為各隊設(shè)計制定戰(zhàn)術(shù)的多樣化提供了條件，后衛(wèi)的進球表明了現(xiàn)代足球全攻全守，各位置運動員技、戰(zhàn)術(shù)全面，一專多能，能攻善守的特點及發(fā)展趨勢；前鋒隊員的射門得分能力直接影響球隊的戰(zhàn)績，前衛(wèi)和后衛(wèi)隊員的插上進攻也是各隊得分的重要手段，使現(xiàn)代足球向著攻守平衡的趨勢發(fā)展。6比賽中進球的進攻形式通過中、邊路結(jié)合，邊路傳中和中路進攻等一系列進攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)的實施，最后在罰球區(qū)中間區(qū)域形成射門并得分，依然是現(xiàn)代足球比賽進攻得分的最佳戰(zhàn)術(shù)選擇。定位球進攻進球和邊路進攻進球率的上升，體現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代足球全方位進攻已成為未來足球戰(zhàn)術(shù)發(fā)展主流。7第12屆和13屆歐錦賽中4次以下含4次傳球次數(shù)的進球率都大大高于5次以上含5次的進球率，約80％的進球來自于4次以下的傳球；從進攻開始到進球得分的延續(xù)時間統(tǒng)計顯示，6S之內(nèi)的進球都約占69％，超過LOS的進球僅占78％和13％，這些都充分體現(xiàn)休斯先生的足球獲勝公式“快速直接打法“的戰(zhàn)術(shù)指導思想。8在這兩屆歐錦賽5次以下的傳球中，1次傳球的進球率高于0次傳球的進球率，3次傳球的進球率高于2次傳球的進球率，表明在5次以下傳球進球中，并未嚴格遵循休斯先生傳球次數(shù)越少進球越高的規(guī)律，隨著現(xiàn)代足球全攻全守戰(zhàn)術(shù)的發(fā)展，防守技戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平也在快速發(fā)展和提高，說明了防守技戰(zhàn)術(shù)的提高對“直接打法”戰(zhàn)術(shù)運用起到了一定的限制。“快速直接打法“戰(zhàn)術(shù)指導思想的貫徹實施應(yīng)依據(jù)隊伍的實際情況以及比賽時的臨場狀況來加以靈活運用。關(guān)鍵詞歐洲足球錦標賽；進球；情況；比較分析分類號G843N

簡介：首都師范大學碩士學位論文歐洲生態(tài)學校計劃研究以蘇格蘭為例姓名姜世健申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)比較教育學指導教師安方明20070408ARESEARCHONEUROPEANECOSCHOOLSPROGRAMMETAKESCOTLANDASANEXAMPLEABS打ANATPR髓∞T耐TLLTLLERAPIDECON砌CDEVDOPLN鈕TOFDWCOUNNY鋤DTLLECONTI舢【AL∞OD訓鋤“枷吣TRIALIZ撕∞，LLLEP∞PLE’SLIFCISILL淵INDYIML腳“NGANDMEA加A鼬黜IVENATIONALPOW盯ISEVIDENTLYS慨舯CDHOWEV盯砒TLLESAME缸EMED錨恤LCTI∞OFTLLE∞“ROMNENTISBC。OMINGMORE柚DMO糟S商OUSTHEPFOBLEMSOFTLLEDELICI∞CYOFEN盯G如TLLEPOLLUTIONOFTHE伽啊RONM鋤T趾DTLLE瑚PIDGROWILLOFTLLEPOPULATIONHAVEK蝴ET量LEBOMENCCL【SOFO啊COUN臼RY，SFHNH盯DEVDOPLN饑TSOIT’SOFGREAT邛EO鼯SITY鋤DINLP伽出MCYTOHAVEENVI∞姍ENTALEDU硎∞姐DCDU硎ONFORS啦詛I戚BLEDMLOPIIL鋤TTOTHEP∞PLC，稍PECIALLYTOLLLESTILD即舾EUROP啪ECOSDL00LSI8撇IIIT稅刪OFLALPRO粵M姍E，IT’SAINLISTOP|伽OTC也ESTILDENTS’∞VI】RO衄1嘲LAWA瑚囂S鋤DT11EDEVDOPM％TOFTLLESIDLLSNW罄DCVEI叩CDILI1994BYTLIEFOU呲IATI∞?！盓R|咖徹1ETALEDUCATIONFEE，勰DNOWITT啪懿P讎DCDTOA銜∞，S伽MALILERICA，AUSH面IA鋤DAS斌THESCHOOLSPANICIPATINGINMEPROGRAINMEAREGRO麗NGMO坨觚DMO眠ECOSCH00LSPMPOS鶴TLIESNIDENTS’POSITIVCPARTIDPA60N，ADVOCATESMLLLDCURRICLLL盯越DCROSS刪RRICULART∞CHIR培MET圭LODS，CALLSFORSUSTAINABLYIILLPROVING鋤“RONMCNTALCDUC撕∞E‘輪SC_IIOOISDISPLAYSNEW舶VIRO姍ENTALEDU訓ONIDE船柚DILL刪ICCITH瑟ACHIEW證GOODRESLLLTS鷦WDLBCOSCHOOLSPRO孕鋤MEMAILLLYINDUD囂SEVENKEYDERRIENTSECOCOMMINCE，伽而FONMENT“∞VIEW，ADI∞PLAILMONITOFINGACCION趴D“AL嘶R培PFO黟E囂，LIILKINGTOCMTICULMIL，IILVOLVINGTHEWHOLESCHOOLANDTHE耐DEFC0伽NUILITY鋤DECOCODENAI∞∞MAI|18FOL玎STEPS∞西ST耐NGINTERESTILLTHCPRO孕鋤ME，IIILPL鋤CILTINGTLIESEV髓ELEM∞擔OFMEPRO掣粗MCAPPLYILLGFOR∞EOFTHETLLR∞ECOSCHOOLS斜悅R出，卸DR％EWINGMEAWARDE、，ERY伽OY翰RSTOSUSTAILL幽EECOSCHOOLSSTATUSTHISP印盯ANALYZ鼯THEWHOLEPROCESSOFECOSCHOOLS，SU珊M撕Z髓ITSEXP甜嘲ANDD鋤。璐N砒鼯DE印LYACCORDII培TOOWCOUNNY’SG淵LSCHOOIS，鋤DTHROUGHTHESTILDYOFOILRG嗍LSCHOOIS’DEVEL叩MEM鋤D懿ISTING呻BLEMS，POINTSOILLTHEDE6CI曲【D齬鋤DGIV％∞MEADVICEONHOWTOU∞ME懿PCFI∞C鸛OFEL啪PE拍ECOSCHOOLSFBF∞FA船CEKEYWORDSE∞SCH00IS刪NABLED“DOPMENTGREMSCHOOL

簡介：Y1407616學校代碼10200分類號G427③研究生學號密級東北H予厄大季碩士學位論文1020064300玉高中化掌新舊教科書化掌史內(nèi)容的比較THECOMPARISONOFTHECONTENTSONTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYINNEWTEXTBOOKSOFHIGHSCHOOLANDINTHEOLD作者沈曉燕指導教師董淑莉特級教師學科專業(yè)教育碩士研究方向?qū)W科教學化學學位類型教育碩士東北師范大學學位評定委員會2008年12月ABSTRACTTHENEWCURRICULUMREQUIRESTHECOMPAREHENRIVECULTIVATIONOFSTUDENT’SSCIENTIFICACCOMPLISHMENT．THEREFORE，THEINTRODUCTIONOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYANDTHEENHANCEMENTOFTHEEDUCATIONABOUTIT．ISANEFFECTIVEWAYOFIMPLEMENTINGSCIENTIFICACCOMPLISHMENTEDUCATION．WHATARETHEMAINCHANGESOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYCOVEREDINNEWTEXTBOOKSCOMPAREDWITHTHEOLDVERSION．FORPROMPTASSURANCEOFTHEBASICPHILOSOPHYOFNEWCURRICULUMREFORMINHIGHSCHOOL’SCHEMISTRYANDDISPLAYTHEFUNCTIONOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYEDUCATION，THEPAPERFOCUSESONTHEFULLTIMEORDINARYHIGHSCHOOLTEXTBOOKSOFCHEMISTRYPEOPLEEDUCATIONPUBLISHINGCOMPANY．THEPAPERCOMPARESTHECONTENTSOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYINBOTHTEXTBOOKSANDILLUSTRATESTHESIMILARITIESANDDIFFERENCES，ADVANTAGESANDDISADVANTAGESAIMINGATHELPINGCOMPILINGORCHOOSINGTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRY．ATTHESAMETIME，IALSOIHOPEITCANHELPTEACHERSTHEBASICPHILOSOPHYOFNEWCURRICULUMREFORM，CONFRONTINGTHECHALLENGESTHENEWTEXTBOOKSBRING，TEACHERSATTACHMOREIMPORTANCETOTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYANDTAKEFULLYUSEOFITSFUNCTION．THEPAPERCONSISTSOFFIVEPARTSTHEFIRSTPARTISTHEINTRODUCTIONOFTHETOPICWITHTHECOMBINATIONOFPRESENTSTATEANDTHEREFORMOFTHEREFORMOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYTEACHING，THEORIGN。NOFTHEPAPER,THEAIMANDRESEARCHINGMETHODSAREILLUSTRATED．THESECONDPARTISTHEEXPOUNDINGOFTHERESEARCHFOUNDATIONOFTHEPAPER．BASEDONTHEPRINCIPLEOFCOMPARATIVEPEDAGOGY’SRESEARCHLAURINDELEITEANALYSISMETERANDFORMERRESEARCHFOUNDATIONICONSTRUCTTHECOMPANIONMODELOFTHETEACHINGCONTENTSOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRY．THETHIRDPARTISTHEPAPERCOMPARISONOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYANDTHEMAINBODYOFTHEPAPER．ACCORDINGTOTHEMODELCONSTRUCTED，F(xiàn)ORTHETEACHINGCONTENTSONTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYINTEXTBOOKSOFHIGHSCHOOLAFTERTHEREFORM，WHICHAREBOTHPUBLISHEDBYPEOPLE’SEDUCATIONPUBLISHINGCOMPANY,IMAKEADETAILEDCOMPARISONFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFTHEPRESENTATION，ORGANIZATIONANDTHETUDINGMETHODSOFTHECONTENT．THEFOURTHPARTDRAMSACONCLUSION．BAREDONTHECOMPREHENSIVECOMPARISON．IDRAWACONCLUSION，ABOUTTHERESULTOFTHECOMPARISONABOUTTHETEACHINGCONTENTSOFTHEHISTORYOFHIGHSCHOOLANDANALYZETHEPOSSIBLEREASONS．THEFIFTHPARTISITSIMPLICATION．INTHISPARTTHESUGGESTIONSONCOMPILINGOFTHECONTENTSOFTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRYANDONTHETEACHER’STEACHINGKEYWORDSTHEHISTORYOFCHEMISTRY；COMPARISONRESARCH；CHEMISTRYOFHIGHSCHOOL；NEWCURRICULUM．II

簡介：山西大學2008屆碩士學位論文劉翔、史冬鵬1LO米欄跨欄技術(shù)的運動學分析作者姓名指導教師學科專業(yè)研究方向培養(yǎng)單位學習年限劉揚李建英教授體育教育訓練學田徑教學訓練理論與方法體育學院2005年9月2008年6月二OO八年六月LIIIIIIIIIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLY2680408XIALLGANDSHIDONGPENGANDTHEIRINTERNATIONALRIVALS一2136THEANALYSISOFTHETIMEFROMLAUNCHINGTUNTOTHEFIRSTHURDLEANDFROMCOMPLETINGTHE10也HURDLETOTHEENDLINEONTHEPARTOFLIUXIANGANDSHIDONGPENGANDTHEIRINTERNATTIONALRIWALS一2237THEANALYSISOFSTRIDINGTECHNIQUESOFLIUXIANGANDSHIDONGPENG22371THEBASISFORRESEARCHINGTHETECHNIQUESOFTHE4MHURDLE～22372THEANALYSISOFMOVEMENTFEATURESINTHESTAGEOFLAUNCHINGRUNANDCONQUERINGHURDLESONTHEPARTOFLIUXIANGANDSHIDONGPENG‘’25373THEANALYSISOFMOVEMENTFEATURESOFLIUXIANGANDSHIDONGPENGINTHEPERIODOFCROSSING。。29374THEANALYSISOFMOVEMENTFEATURESOFLIUXIANGANDSHIDONGPENGINTHEPERIODOFLANDINGJUSTAFTERCROSSING’31375THECOMPARATIVEANALYSISOFTHESTRIDELENGTHOFLIUXIANGANDSHIDONGPENGANDTHEIRINTERNATIONALRIVALSINTHEPERIODOFCROSSING‘334CONCLUSLON345SUGGRESTION35LJTERATURE36ACKNOWLDMENT44_EG1ES

簡介：河北師范大學碩士學位論文2004年亞洲杯與2004年歐洲杯足球賽運動員犯規(guī)特征的比較研究姓名張杰申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)體育教育訓練學指導教師呂健力200505102004年亞洲杯與2004年歐洲杯足球賽運動員犯規(guī)特征的比較研究的運用，尤其是對犯規(guī)技戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運用等方面存在較大差距。其原因是多方面的，遵循足球運動的發(fā)展規(guī)律，根據(jù)自己球隊的特點，科學的管理和訓練，不斷的提高亞洲足球水平。本文研究目的是找出比賽中隊員犯規(guī)的特點規(guī)律，為足球裁判員的工作提供參考依據(jù)，同時也為球隊訓練提供有益的理論參考。關(guān)鍵詞足球、犯規(guī)、動作特征Ⅱ

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