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簡介:南京工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文技術(shù)科學(xué)歷史分期的多維度實(shí)證研究姓名戈海軍申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)企業(yè)管理指導(dǎo)教師劉啟華20050101摘要摘要技術(shù)科學(xué)是基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)與工程技術(shù)之間的中介層次,是基礎(chǔ)研究與應(yīng)用開發(fā)之間的基本紐帶,是現(xiàn)代稃技術(shù)教育的主要學(xué)科基礎(chǔ),是科研成果轉(zhuǎn)化為直接TT產(chǎn)力的重要橋梁,在現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)體系中具有十分重要的地位。因此,技術(shù)科學(xué)的發(fā)展規(guī)律問題一點(diǎn)是中外學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)之一。由于學(xué)者們學(xué)術(shù)背景的差異,切入問題的視角不同,對(duì)技術(shù)科學(xué)的范疇理解歧義,因而學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)技術(shù)科學(xué)的歷史分期問題一直是眾說紛紜,英衷一是。而這又直接影響著對(duì)技術(shù)科學(xué)規(guī)律的深入把握。為此,本文以劉啟華教授主持研究的2002年度國家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目技術(shù)科學(xué)的范疇界定、歷史分期和發(fā)展模式研究為契機(jī),在全面系統(tǒng)地考察、借鑒前人成果和本課題組前期研究J2作的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合運(yùn)用歷史考察、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、抽象概括和比較研究等方法,通過定性與定量手段的有機(jī)結(jié)合,對(duì)技術(shù)科學(xué)的歷史分期問題展開系統(tǒng)研究和實(shí)證分析,力求獲得可靠的科學(xué)結(jié)論,從而為深入揭示技術(shù)科學(xué)的基本運(yùn)行特征與規(guī)律奠定基礎(chǔ)。首先,通過對(duì)本課題組前期研究工作中所獲得的技術(shù)科學(xué)總體發(fā)展時(shí)間序列特征曲線和不同層次技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展時(shí)間序列特征曲線中統(tǒng)計(jì)現(xiàn)象和結(jié)果的分析,把文藝復(fù)興以來到統(tǒng)計(jì)樣本的截止年代之間的技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展過程初步劃分為三個(gè)階段14401819年階段、18201914年階段、19151987年階段。其次,在研究參照J(rèn)OBERNA等人關(guān)于現(xiàn)代科學(xué)特征論述的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合技術(shù)科學(xué)社會(huì)運(yùn)行的特點(diǎn),本文選取近代產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷、基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)背景、工程技術(shù)教育演變和其他相關(guān)社會(huì)建制叫個(gè)維度,分別對(duì)上述3個(gè)階段技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展過程做全而的歷史考察,并抽象出各個(gè)階段技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展在四個(gè)維度上的具體特點(diǎn)。再次,分別對(duì)技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)腱的蘭個(gè)階段中上述四個(gè)維度方向£的具體特點(diǎn)做系統(tǒng)綜合,亦將三者做歷時(shí)性比較,以探求技術(shù)科學(xué)歷史分期的事實(shí)和理論依掘。最后根據(jù)實(shí)證研究的結(jié)果,獲得這樣的結(jié)論14401819年階段為技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展的萌芽期;18201914年階段為技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展的社會(huì)建制確立期;19151987年階段為技術(shù)科學(xué)發(fā)展的成熟期。關(guān)鍵詞技術(shù)科學(xué)歷史分期社會(huì)建制
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簡介:合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文研究生科學(xué)教育與人文教育的融合姓名王蘊(yùn)文申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)馬克思主義理論與思想政治教育指導(dǎo)教師黃志斌2003528INTEGRATIONINPOSTGRADUATESCIENCEEDUCATIONANDHUMANISTICEDUCATIOLLABSTRACTEDUCATIONALCONCEPTISTHEIDEAANDPURSUITOFSPIRITTHATGUIDESEDUCATIONALBEHAVIOR.ITSHOULDBEESTABLISHEDACCORDINGTOSPECIFICEDUCATIONALOBJECT,EDUCATIONALPURPOSEANDEDUCATIONALASSIGNMENT.FORPOSTGRADUATEEDUCATION,JTJSVERYREALISTICTOESTABLJSHTHEEDUCATIONALCONCEPTWITCHINTEGRATESCIENCEEDUCATIONANDHUMANISTICEDUCATION.THISISTHECERTAINTYOFHISTORYDEVELOPMENTANDITHASBOTHTHEORETICALANDREALISTICBASIS.INADDITION,TBISPAPERDEEPLYRESEARCHESTHEINTERNALRELATIVESIGNIFICANCEOFINTEGRATIONINPOSTGRADUATESCIENCEEDUCATIONANDHUMANISTICEDUCATION,ANDITBRIRIGSFORWARDTHEIDEATHATWESHOULDNOTONLYCULTIRATEPOSTGRADUATE’SSCIENCESPIRITWITHHUMANISTICCONCERNBUTALSOEULTIVATEPOSTGRADUATE’SHUMANISTICSPIRITWITHSCIENCECONSCIOUSNESS.ULTIMATELY,THEPAPERFURTHERANALYSESTHELEVELSOFREALJZINGINTEGRATIONASTOHUMAN’SQUALJTYANDDISCUSSESTHEWAYOFREALIZINGIRITEGRATION.KEYWORDSPOSTGRADUATESTUDENTSSCIENCEEDUCATIONHUMANISTICEDUCATIONINTEGRATION
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簡介:重慶大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文重慶市建筑科學(xué)研究院改制后的財(cái)務(wù)管理問題研究姓名舒鶯申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)工商管理指導(dǎo)教師傅蘊(yùn)英20070418重慶大學(xué)頤七學(xué)位論文英文摘要ABSTRACTWEARECOMINGTOTHELATERPERIODOFTRANSITIONOFWTOACCORDINGTOTHECONTENTOFTHEAGREEMENTCONSTRUCTIONENGINEERINGORGANIZATIONSMASTBEINDEPENDENTANDTOBEA僦PARTYENTERPRISESOCHINAINNOVATEDTHESESCIENCERESEARCHINSTITUTES,CHANGEDTHEMFROMTHESTATEOWNEDINSTITUTIONSTOTHESTATEOWNEDENTERPRISESTHESEENTERPRISESWILLBEPUTINTOTHEMARKET,ATTENDTHECOMPETITIONNOWCONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRYMARKETISINITSVERYACTIVEPHASEANDCOMPETITIONISACTIVETOOCHONGQINGRESEARCHINSTITUTEOFBUILDINGSCIENCECRIBSISATYPICALMODELOFSYSTEMREFORMENTERPRISESTHISENTERPRISESHOULDBASEONRESEARCHANDCREATECO∞COMPETITIONCAPABILITYBECAUSEOFSCIENCERESEARCHENTERPRISESINCEITFINISHEDTHEINNOVATIONIN2000,CRIBSEXPLOREDSOMEMANAGEMENTEXPERIENCESBYITSELFANDDEVELOPEDMUCHINBUSINESSBUTSOMENEWPROBLEMSAPPEARTOONISVERYOBLIVIOUSLYTHEOLDFINANCIALMANAGEMENTSYSTEMISN’TFITFORTEMPORARYBUSINESSTHETHESISFOCUSONTHECENTEROFTHEFINANCIALMANAGEMENTSYSTEMRESEARCHANDDRAWHOMEANDABROADMODCRFLFINANCIALMANAGEMENTPATTERNCOMPAREWITHTHEREFORMBEGINNING,NOWADAYSCRIBSCASHINABILITYASSETSMANAGEMENTABILITYPROFITABILITYRATIOOFLIABILITIESNETASSETEARNINGCAPACITYANDSUCHINDEXESANALYSISFOUNDTHEWEAKNESSOFTHEENTERPRISEACCORDINGTOTHEANALYSISTHETHESISPROVIDENEWDESIGNTHINKINGWAYHOWTOPERFECTFINANCIULMANAGEMENTSYSTEMANDIMPROVECONTROLLINGLEVELITMADEITCLEARWHATISTHEVALUETARGETOFTHEENTERPRISEOFCRIBSASASCIENTIFICRESEARCHREFORMENTERPRISEANDPUTUPNEWFINANCIALMANAGEMENTSYSTEMDESIGN觸MEINCLUDINGBUDGET,F(xiàn)UNDMANAGEMENT,INSIDECONTROLLINGSYSTEM,ASSIGNINGSYSTEMINORDERTOIMPROVECRIBSSCIENCEIINANEIALMANAGEMENT,ITWILLDRIVECRIBSDEVELOPMENTINCONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRYTECHNOLOGYSERVICESMARKETKEYWORDSSCIENTIFICRESEARCHSYSTEMREFORM,MANAGEMENTPATTERN,SYSTEMDESIGNH
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簡介:科學(xué)基金制在國外一百多年的發(fā)展歷史表明科學(xué)基金和科學(xué)基金制對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)國家的科技領(lǐng)先起了巨大的推動(dòng)作用科學(xué)基金制在中國不足20年的歷史盡管這些年國家自然科學(xué)基金委員會(huì)的經(jīng)費(fèi)投入不斷增加但與發(fā)達(dá)國家相比仍然存在較大的差距尤其是在醫(yī)學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域經(jīng)費(fèi)供需矛盾非常突出因此獲取國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金信息鼓勵(lì)有條件的科研機(jī)構(gòu)或科研人員申請(qǐng)國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金參與國外基金項(xiàng)目的研究在當(dāng)前顯得非常重要論文以因特網(wǎng)上國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金信息為主要研究對(duì)象首先運(yùn)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息組織理論對(duì)其分類分布、組織方式、利用價(jià)值等進(jìn)行分析借鑒國外深入開發(fā)利用基金信息的方法論文運(yùn)用對(duì)比分析法對(duì)所獲取的豐富的醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金信息進(jìn)行深入研究找出中外科學(xué)基金制的差異提出完善中國基金制的建議和競爭國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目的策略最后從大量國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目中篩選出國內(nèi)醫(yī)學(xué)科技人員可申請(qǐng)的醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目借助現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)手段構(gòu)建了國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金信息檢索平臺(tái)為獲取、利用國外醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)基金信息提供更有力的支持
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簡介:遼寧師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)調(diào)查研究姓名孫敏申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)課程與教學(xué)論(物理)指導(dǎo)教師梁樹森20030601中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)調(diào)查研究中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)調(diào)查研究研究生孫敏指導(dǎo)教師梁樹森教授專業(yè)課程與教學(xué)論物理中文摘要本文在對(duì)國內(nèi)外已有信息素養(yǎng)理論進(jìn)行研究的基礎(chǔ)上得出對(duì)信息素養(yǎng)基本概念、基本要素、基本結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)識(shí)。并據(jù)此制定出中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)窖設(shè)計(jì)出四組與中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)相關(guān)的問卷,并在大學(xué)一年級(jí)新生中進(jìn)行調(diào)查。對(duì)調(diào)查結(jié)果的定量和定性分析不僅證實(shí)了中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)的可測眭,它還使我們進(jìn)一步了解到國內(nèi)中學(xué)生科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)的基本現(xiàn)狀??茖W(xué)信息素養(yǎng)的培養(yǎng)立足于終生學(xué)習(xí)意愿和能力的培養(yǎng)。文中提出適合于信息素養(yǎng)養(yǎng)成的基于資源的探究教學(xué)模式。該模式力圖通過關(guān)注科學(xué)信息素養(yǎng)這一關(guān)鍵因素,更好地完成科學(xué)教育目標(biāo)。該模式在高中進(jìn)行了實(shí)踐性實(shí)驗(yàn),其間存在的問題引人思考。關(guān)鍵詞信息素養(yǎng)信息意識(shí)文化素養(yǎng)信息技能信息倫理道德目前,東部地區(qū)和中西部地區(qū)大中城市的普通高中、初中和有條件的小學(xué)早已開設(shè)了信息技術(shù)課程。但調(diào)查表明,在許多地方,信息技術(shù)課程的學(xué)習(xí)非但沒能對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)起到輔助作用,提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率,反倒成為了學(xué)生新的負(fù)擔(dān)。問題究竟出在哪兒是課程設(shè)置問題是教學(xué)方法問題還是硬件設(shè)施問題我認(rèn)為都是也都不是?!岸际恰?,是因?yàn)檫@些問題確實(shí)存在。“都不是”是因?yàn)樗麄兌疾皇菃栴}的關(guān)鍵。問題的關(guān)鍵是人們的認(rèn)識(shí)出現(xiàn)了偏差。人們把問題看窄了,把目標(biāo)看小了,認(rèn)識(shí)過淺了。多數(shù)人眼中的信息技術(shù)課程與攝影、手工課一樣是一種特定的技能課程。教學(xué)的目的也只是向?qū)W生介紹如何使用計(jì)算機(jī),如何應(yīng)用軟件。學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的任務(wù)就是像技術(shù)工人一樣掌握這門技術(shù)。至于何時(shí)使用計(jì)算機(jī),為什么要使用計(jì)算機(jī),多數(shù)教9幣和學(xué)生都沒有仔細(xì)地考慮過,更沒有想到它將影響到傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)。此外,信息社會(huì)的巨大變革帶給教育的影響就只是信息技術(shù)課程的開設(shè)嗎不是,當(dāng)然不是。不可爭辯的事實(shí)告訴我們單純以信息技術(shù)傳授為目的的信息技術(shù)課程的開設(shè)決不能適應(yīng)信息社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要。信息社會(huì)對(duì)教育提出的要求很多,而其中的兩點(diǎn)最為重要I、社會(huì)對(duì)人的信息素養(yǎng)的要求早已無法回避。麗信息素養(yǎng)對(duì)教育的要求也已經(jīng)滲透到了每門學(xué)科的教學(xué)中。因而,要想培養(yǎng)出適應(yīng)信息社會(huì)飛速發(fā)展的人才,就必須把
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簡介:東北師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文高師院校理科學(xué)生人文素質(zhì)問題現(xiàn)狀與對(duì)策研究以東北師范大學(xué)為個(gè)案姓名王琳琳申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)課程與教學(xué)論課程論指導(dǎo)教師袁孝亭20070501ABSTRACTATEACHER’SHUMANISTICQUALITYPOSITIVELYDECIDEONHISCOUNTRY’SCONDITIONOFNATIONALCONCEPT’S,SENSEOFRESPONSIBILITY,SENSEOFMORALITY,ONWEATHERTHEYHAVETHECORRECTWORLDOUTLOOKAND1IFEOUTLOOKBUTTHESTUDENTS’HUMANISTICAUALITYISRELATEDCLOSELYTOTHEIRTEACHERS’IFWEHAVENEGLECTEDORDESPISEDTHESTUDENTS’HUMANISTICEDUCATION,ITWOULDRESULTINTHEDECREASINGOFTHEWHOLENATION’SSPIRITANDTHESOCIETY’SVULGARIZATIONTHEMORETHESCIENCESTUDENTSINNORMALUNIVERSITYGETINTOUCHWITHTHEHIGHESTSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYTHEMORETHEYNEEDTHEHUMANCULTURE’SINFLUENCEBUTBECAUSEOFTHEFUNDAMENTALEDUCATION’STOOEARLYSEPARAFTONOFSCIENCEANDARTS,HIGHEDUCATION’STOONARROWSPECIALSUBJECT,TOOSTRONGUTILITYANDTOOWEAKHUMANCLLLTURE’SINFLUENCEITMAKESTHESCIENCESTUDENTSINNORMALUNIVERSITYUNIVERSALLYLACKHUMANISTICQUALITYTHESCIENCESTUDENTSINNORMALUNIVERSITYAREREGARDEDASTHERESERVEFORCEOFFIMDAMENTALEDUCATIONSOT11ATTHEYNEEDTHEHIGHLEVELHUMANISTICQUALITYTHEIMPORTANTSTANDARDTOJUDGETHENORMALUNIVERSITY’STEACHINGAUANTYISMATWEATHERWECOULDMAKESTUDENTSFUUOFSOCIALIDEALANDSOCIALRESPONSIBILITYWEATHERWECOULDMAKETHEMTRANSFONLLTHEHUMANSPIRITINTOTHEIROWNVALUECONCEPT,KNOWLEDGECONCEPTANDTEACHINGCONCEPT,ETCTHIS血ESISCOMPARESTHEFOREIGNANDCHINESEHUMANCULTUREEDUCATIONTHENITPROCLAIMSTHENECESSITYOFTHEHUMANISTICQUALITYEDUCATIONMIXINGWITHTHESCIENCEEDUCATIONDETAILEDINVESTIGATIONSONQUALIFIEDEDUCATIONOFHUMANCULTUREOFSCIENCESTUDENTSINNORTHEASTNORINALUNIVERSITYAREMADEINTHISDISSERTATIONBASEDONANALYSISOFTHISINVESTIGATION,CONCLUDINGTHATQUALIFIEDEDUCATIONOFHUMANCULTUREOFSCIENCESTUDENTSINNORTHEASTNORMALUNIVERSITYISRELATIVELYWEAKANDSHOULDBESTRENGTHENEDASSOONASPOSSIBLELEANINGFROMTHESUCCESSFULEXPERIENCESINOTHERTECHNICALUNIVERSITIESATHOMEANDABOARDFORREFERENCE,PUTTINGFORWARDTHERHOMBUSEDUCATIONALMODELOFHUMANCULTUREDIATHESISTOTECHNICALUNIVERSITIESINNORTHEASTNOLLLLALUNIVERSITYBRINGINGOUTTHEMETHODSOFENHANCINGQUALIFIEDEDUCATIONOFHUMANCULTUREINNORTHEASTNORMALUNIVERSITYRANGINGFROMTHECHANGEOFIDEASTHESETTLEMENTOFCURRICULUNLSTOTHEUNIFICATIONOFCULTUREANDTLLEPERFECTIONOFSUPERVISIONKEYWORDSHIGHQUALIFIEDNORMALUNIVERSITY;SCIENCESTUDENT;HUMANISTICQUALITY;PRESENTSITUATION;COUNTERMEASUREII
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簡介:西南師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文幼兒園科學(xué)教育活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)研究姓名陳英申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)教育原理指導(dǎo)教師周鴻200141ASTUDYONTHEDESIGNOFSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONACTIVITIESINKINDERGARTENMAJORTHEORYOFPEDAGOGYDIRECTIONBASICTHEORYOFEDUCATIONTUTORPROFESSORZHOUHONGAUTHORCHENYINGABSTRACTCHILDREN’SSTAGEISJUSTTHETIMEWHENWEIMPARTRUDIMENTARYSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONTOCHILDRENITWILLBEABLETOALOLLSECHILDREN’SINTERESTANDCURIOSITYINSCIENCE,HELPTHEMTOACCUMULATESOMESCIENTIFICKNOWLEDGEANDOBTAINSOMECERTAINSCIENTIFICSKILLSFORTHEIRFURTHERSTUDYLATERASARESULT,ITISSIGNIFICANTTODESIGNTHESCIENTIFICEDUCATIONAETIVITIASINKINDERGARTEN,WHICHALSOATTRACTSQUITEMANYCHILDRENTEACHERS’ATTENTIONWHOHAVEDIFFICULTINITTHEARTICLEISTODEALWITHSOMEISSUESOFDESIGNOFSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONACTIVITIES,INCLUDINGTHEMAINBASIS,INFLUENTIALFACTORS,THELEVELSOFTHEDESIGN,REQUIREMENTS,PLANSANDITSCHOICESANDMETHODSOFDESIGNBETWEENFORMALSCIENTIFICACTIVITIESANDINFORMALONESONTHEBASEOFTHEGENERALRESEARCHABOUTCHILDREN’SEDUCATIONALACTIVITIESANDPRESENTRESEARCHRESULTSOF“EDUCATIONALDESIGN”THEARTICLECONTAINSSEVENSECTIONSPARTONEEXPLORINGTHEINTENSIONSOFCHILDRENSCIENCEANDITSEDUCATIONACCORDINGTOTHECHANGESOFINTENSIONSOFSCIENCEANDSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONANALYSINGTHESIGNIFICANCESOFDESIGNOFSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONACTIVITIESFROMTHETHEORETICANDPRACTICALANGLESPARTTWOJPUTTINGFORWARDTHEORETICBASICSCOGNITIVETHEORYLEAMINGTHEORYTHETHEORYOFTEACHINGANDDEVELOPMENT,ANDPRACTICALBASISESSOCIALLOCATIONOFLONGTERMVALUESOFSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONFORCHILDRENANDSOMECONDITIONSOFLOCALPLACES,LOCALKINDERGARTEN,SEASONSANDTIMESETCPARTTHREEANALYSINGTHEMAINFACTORSOFINFLUENCINGDESIGNOFSCIENTIFICEDUCATIONINKINDERGARTENAIMS,PATTERNSOFCURRICULUMSANDINTERACTIONSBETWEENTEACHERSANDCHILDREN;ALSOEXPLORINGTHESEFACTORSHOWTOAFFECTTHEACTIVITIESDESIGN;PARTFOURANALYSINGTHELEVELSOFTHEDESIGNANDTHEIRMAINTASKSOFCHILDREN’SSCIENTIFICEDUCATION;PUTTINGFORWARDSOMEBASICREQUIREMENTSANDTHEIRMETHODSOFSCIENTIFICACTIVITIES;2
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簡介:北京體育大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文第十二屆雅典殘奧會(huì)中國舉重隊(duì)科學(xué)化訓(xùn)練的初步研究姓名趙春英申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師陶志翔20051202北京體育大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文31前言前言隨著殘奧會(huì)影響的擴(kuò)大,競技水平的日趨提高,對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員競技能力的發(fā)展提出了越來越高的要求,關(guān)于殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)的研究越來越受到重視。殘疾人舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)在我國開展較晚,但近年來成績提高較快。短短數(shù)年間,我國殘疾人舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)水平已步入世界先進(jìn)行列,這一方面得益于我們“舉國體制”的保障,另一方面歸功于我們的教練員、運(yùn)動(dòng)員在訓(xùn)練中刻苦鉆研、不斷創(chuàng)新,逐漸摸索出一套適合我國國情和運(yùn)動(dòng)員特點(diǎn)的訓(xùn)練方法與手段,為我國殘疾人舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展奠定了重要基礎(chǔ)。為完成第十二屆雅典殘奧會(huì)舉重項(xiàng)目科技攻關(guān)課題,本研究組織了運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)生理生化學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)、心理學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)等學(xué)科的教師、科研人員與國家集訓(xùn)隊(duì)的教練員一起為在本屆殘奧會(huì)上奪取舉重項(xiàng)目45枚金牌聯(lián)合進(jìn)行了科技攻關(guān)。最終,在雅典殘奧會(huì)上實(shí)現(xiàn)了奪取五塊舉重項(xiàng)目金牌的目標(biāo)。11研究現(xiàn)狀研究現(xiàn)狀殘疾舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)員的訓(xùn)練過程是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的綜合的系統(tǒng)工程,其最終目的是使有機(jī)體達(dá)到理想狀態(tài),以保證取得高水平的運(yùn)動(dòng)成績。及時(shí)捕捉、了解和掌握當(dāng)今世界舉重發(fā)展的重大變化,把握殘疾舉重選手訓(xùn)練的階段性特征,把握科學(xué)制定多年訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃的方法和程序,對(duì)于舉重教練員和運(yùn)動(dòng)員,對(duì)于醫(yī)務(wù)監(jiān)督人員、科研工作者、行政管理人員及所有訓(xùn)練過程參與者,都具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。目前關(guān)于殘疾舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)員的研究還處于起步階段。趙春英(2003)通過對(duì)中國殘疾人舉重集訓(xùn)隊(duì),冬訓(xùn)成績與全國錦標(biāo)賽、悉尼奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍的成績對(duì)比,對(duì)重點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員運(yùn)動(dòng)員安排進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果顯示,目前我國殘疾人舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展迅速,女子在某些級(jí)別已經(jīng)達(dá)到世界領(lǐng)先水平,但各級(jí)別實(shí)力不平均,同時(shí)男子實(shí)力差距較大,在整體水平上與世界先進(jìn)水平還有較大差距;通過集訓(xùn),運(yùn)動(dòng)員的成績得到大幅度提高,這得益于根據(jù)隊(duì)員的技術(shù)診斷和具體情況所嘗試采用的“進(jìn)二退一”的訓(xùn)練方法;集訓(xùn)中以基礎(chǔ)力量和專項(xiàng)力量為基礎(chǔ),以掌握“拱橋”技術(shù)為突破口的指導(dǎo)思想是運(yùn)動(dòng)員成績提高的重要保證。最后提出建議先進(jìn)的訓(xùn)練方法是訓(xùn)練成功的重要前提,我們?cè)趯?shí)踐中應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)攻關(guān),大膽創(chuàng)新,在訓(xùn)練方法上尋求突破;目前殘疾人舉重人口還比較少,在世界大賽中獲得好成績的級(jí)別分布還相對(duì)集中在幾個(gè)優(yōu)勢級(jí)別,因此應(yīng)加強(qiáng)弱勢級(jí)別運(yùn)動(dòng)員的培養(yǎng),提高訓(xùn)練水平,形成我國殘疾人舉重的整體優(yōu)勢。趙春英(2003)通過對(duì)參加2000年殘奧會(huì)及2002年第三屆世界殘疾人舉重錦標(biāo)賽獲前五名好成績的國家和中國20名殘疾舉重優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員作為研究對(duì)象,(其中男10名,女10名)通過文獻(xiàn)法,訪談法、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)法、對(duì)比法等方法對(duì)我國現(xiàn)存在的問題作了詳細(xì)的了解,并
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簡介:Y823013學(xué)校編號(hào)Q鯉學(xué)號(hào)圖書分類號(hào)密級(jí)福建師范大學(xué)教育碩士學(xué)位論文對(duì)物理課堂中的科學(xué)探究進(jìn)行表現(xiàn)性評(píng)價(jià)的研究THEINVESTIGATIONAB6UTBEHAVIORAPPRAISINGONTHESCIENCEEXPLORATIONSINPHYSICSCLASS芏秀燕學(xué)科專業(yè)方向;堂登熬堂塑堡指導(dǎo)教師迕毯墜一申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別熬直殛主論文評(píng)閱人;答辯委員會(huì)主席學(xué)位授予日期生最露2005年8月PERFORMINGEVALUATIONSCIANTIFIEEXPORATIONISTHEKEYCONTENTOFNEWCOLL“S。SSTANDARDOFPHYSICS。IT’8THEKEY1INKSOFDEVELOPINGSTUDENTS’SCIENTIFICQUALITIESANDIT’SALSOAKINDOFWAYTOMASTERSCIENTIFICKNOWLEDGE。ITNEEDSEVALUATIONASWELLASOTHERTEACHINGACTIVITIES,BUTTHETRADITIONALEVAUATIONMETHODSCAN’TSATISFYTHENEEDOF’EVALUARINGSCIENTIFICEXPLORATIONSOWEBADLYNEEDNEWEVALUATIONWAYSTOEVALUATESCIENTIFICEXPLORATIONEFFECTIVELYTOCOUNTERTHISSUBJECT,THEAUTHORTRIESTOGRASPTHESPIRITOFNEECOURSESSTANDARDANDDOESSOMERESEARCHINTOEDUCATIONEVALUATIONTHEORYANDPRACTICEEXPERIENCE8THOMEANDABROADPUTEVALUATIONWAYSOFSCIENTIFICEXPLORATIONINTOPRACTICE,ESPECIALLYINPHYSICSTEACHINGTHEAUTHORALSOSUGGESTSCONCRETEOPERATJONPLANSFORPERFORMINGEVALUATIONOFSCIENLIFICEXPLERATIONFORMTHETESTOR“THEEXPORJMENTALCLASSANDCENTRE1EDC_ASSTHEAUTHORALSOHASSTUDIEDANDPROVEDTHATITHASAPOSITIVEEFFECTONSTUDENTSITCANOBVIOUSLYIMPROVEANDDEVELOPSTUDENTS’SCIENTIFICEXPLORATIONABINLY,INTERESTOFLEARNINGPHYSICSANDEVENSCORESOFPHYAICSTHISARTICLEHASSOMEPRACTICALMEANINGSFORTHESEIENTIFICEXPLORATIONEVALUATIONOFSTUDENTSIEPHYSICETEACHJNGANDITCANHELPTOCOUSTRUERTHESYSTEMOFDEVELOPMENTEVALUATIONKEYWORDSNEWCOARSESSTANDARD,SCIENTIFICEXPLORATIOAPERFORMINGEVALUATION1I
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頁數(shù): 31
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簡介:高校論文學(xué)位大學(xué)育士體碩京師北教題目全國性體育學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán)的發(fā)展研究以中國體育科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)為例學(xué)位專業(yè)申請(qǐng)人指導(dǎo)老師推薦人推薦人申請(qǐng)人單位體育人文社會(huì)學(xué)李兵黃亞玲教授祝莉教授劉武副教授湖南財(cái)經(jīng)高等專科學(xué)校2時(shí)6年12月北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明本人所呈交全國性體育學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán)的發(fā)展研究是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下,獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究工作所取得的成果。除文中已經(jīng)注明引用的內(nèi)容外,本論文不包含任何其他個(gè)人或集體己經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的作品成果。對(duì)本文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體,均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明并致謝。本人完全意識(shí)到本聲明的法律結(jié)果由本人承擔(dān)。學(xué)位論文作者簽“戶,日期206年12月15日
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簡介:上海大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文論文件連續(xù)體理論的進(jìn)步性基于科學(xué)研究綱領(lǐng)方法論的探索姓名陳麗娟申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)檔案學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師羅軍20080401}海人學(xué)碩1學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTATPRESENT,THECONTROVERSYONTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENRECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORYANDRECORDSLIFECYCLETHEORYISAFOCUSOFCHINESEARCHIVISTS’COMMONCONCEM.THISTHESISATTEMPTSTOCAREFULLYEXAMINETHECOMPARISONOFTHETWOMAJORTHEORIESATTHEHEIGHTOFSCIENCEANDPHILOSOPHY.THEWHOLETHESISCONSISTSOFSEVENPARTS.THEFIRSTPARTMAINLYINTRODUCESTHERESEARCHBACKGROUND,RESEARCHSIGNIFICANCE,LITERATUREREVIEW,RESEARCHIDEASANDRESEARCHMETHODS.THESECONDPARTOUTLINESRECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORYANDRECORDSLIFECYCLETHEORY,ANDALSOBRIEFLYSUMMARIZESTHEDIFFERENTVIEWPOINTSABOUTTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHETWOTHEORIES.ITISALOGICALSTARTINGPOINTFORTHISTHESIS.THETHIRDPARTINTRODUCESTHEMETHODOLOGYOFSCIENTIFICRESEARCHPROGRAMMESANDITSAPPLICATIONINOTHERDISCIPLINES.ITANALYSESTHEAPPLICABILITYOFTHISMETHODOLOGYINCOMPARISONTOTHESETWOMAJORTHEORIES,ANDOUTLINESTHESIGNIFICANCEOFTHISMETHODOLOGY.ACCORDINGTOTHECORECONCEPT一”SCIENTIFICRESEARCHPROGRAMME”,ITCONSTRUCTSTHELIFECYCLEOFRECORDSCONTINUUMRESEARCHPROGRAMME.THEMETHODOLOGYOFSCIENTIFICRESEARCHPROGRAMMESISTHEMETHODOLOGYTOOLFORTHISTHESIS.THEFOURTHPARTDISCUSSESTHEARGUMENTONTHETWOMAJORTHEORIESBASEDONTHEMETHODOLOGYOFSCIENTIFICRESEARCHPROGRAMMES.ITANALYSESFOURVIEWPOIMS一‘REVISIONISM”,‘‘NEGATIVISM”,‘‘COMPATIBILITY’’AND“AFFIRMATION”.OVERALL,“REVISIONISM’’AND‘‘NEGATIVISM”HAVELOSTBIASED.INFACT,“COMPATIBILITY’’HASACCEPTEDRECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORY.TORESEARCHANDAPPLYRECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORYBETTELARCHIVISTSNEEDOBJECTIVELYUNDERSTANDTHEPROGRESSIVEOFRECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORY.THISTHESISPRINCIPALLYAGREESWITHTHEVIEWPOINTOF“AFFIRMATION’,BUTTHEANGLEOFARGUMENTATIONISDISTINCTLYDIFFERENTFROM“AFFIRMATION”.THEFIFTHPARTDEMONSTRATESTHETHEORETICALPROGRESSIVEOFRECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORYBASEDON‘‘PROGRESSIVEINTHEORY”STANDARDSOFTHEMETHODOLOGYOFSCIENTIFICRESEARCHPROGRAMMES.ONONEHAND,RECORDSCONTINUUMTHEORYINHERITSTHECONTENTSOFVI
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大?。?3.02(MB)
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簡介:上海師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文科學(xué)教育(本科)專業(yè)課程體系的科學(xué)性研究姓名張愛娟申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)課程與教學(xué)論生物指導(dǎo)教師胡興昌20080401ABSTRACTWI廿LANEWBASICEDUCATIONREFOM,也EMINJ鼬叮OFEDUCATIONREQUIREDT0IIILPLEMENTMECOURSEOFSCIENCEINJⅢORRNIDDLESCHOOL丘OM2001FROMT11ENON,MED印ARIMENTOFK曲EREDUCATIONACCEPTEDMEDU夠TO缸NSCIENCETEACHERTONLEBASISOFEDUCATION,肌DALSO,TLLEM萄OROFSCIENCEEDUCATIONBEGANASTLLECOREPARTOFTLLEC刪CULUMCONSTNJCTION,T11EC謝CULUMSYSTEMPLAYSAILIRNPORT鋤TROLE,ITNOTO芏DYDIRECTLYA彘CTSMEQUALI夠OF如CURESCIENCETEACHER’BUTALSELATEST0C試TIVATEMENEXTGENERATIONANDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEMOTLLERLANDINT11E如TLIRETKSDISSERT撕ONCONSIDERSBASICEDUCATIONASAKEYPOI她NOT0NLYA枷YSIS舶MNLEO巧BUTA|SO療OMPRACTICETHEF0徹ERBASEDONDI虢RENTVERSIONSOFSCIENCETEXTBOOKS,WHICHLETTLLEFHTURCTEACHERSKNOWWHATPROFESSIOMILKNO、ⅣLE趄EANDCAPACI哆SHOULDBEREQUIREDTHELATERBASEDONAQUESTIORMAIRESURVEYTOMEPARTOFTLLECURRENTSHAILGHAISCIENCETEACHERS,、R_HJCHMAKESUSKILOWWT瞰EXIS衄GPROBLEMS缸LDSHORTCOMINGSAREBESIDES,TLLEDISSERTATIONLEARNS自DMFOREIGN酬LCIESS伽EXP面ENCEFIR試LY,吐LEDISSERTATIONMAKESAPRO鏟鋤ONHYWT0CONS協(xié)JCTMECU圩ICUL啪SYSTEMOFSCIENCEEDUCATIONTHEBASIC丘AMEOFⅡLEDISSE跏IONIS弱FOLLOWSIILFIRSTPA吒THEDISSERTATIONALLALYSES也EINLPORT肌CEOFMEM茍OROFSCIENCEEDUCATIONANDDESCRIBESTHECURRENTSITUATIONOFSCIENCEEDUCAITIONILLAILDA_BROADINSECONDPAIT,TLLEDISSERTATIONANALYSESTHEDI‰TVERSIOLLSOFSCIENCEBOOKS,ITCANPROVIDET11EORETICALFOUNDATIONFOR也EFOLLO謝NGCONCLUSIONINTLLIRDPAN,THEDISSENATIONMALESAQUESTIONNAIRESUR帕YT0T11EPARTOFTHECURRENTSHAILGLLAISCIENCETEACHERSINFOUNLLPAN,TLLEDISSERTAFTIONA11ALYSEST11ESCIENCETEACHERS’LITCMCY,INCLUDINGWHATPROFESSION甜KNOWLEDGEAILDCAPACIT,SHOULDBEREQUIREDIILFINHP碰,TLLEDISSEN£LTIONDES嘶BESTHEFOREIGILCUMCUL哪SYSTEMSOFSCIENCEE1UCATIONAND、L,HATWELEAMFROMMEMHLLASTPART,ACCORDINGT0MEFOMLERAILALYZMG,T11EDISSE僦IONCONS臼眥魑ASCIENLIFICA11DRATIORIALC謝CULUMSYSTEMOFSCIENCEEDUCATIONKEYWORDSSCIENCEEDLLCATION;CURRICULUMSYSTEM;SCIENCE1YPEOFDISSENATIONAPPLIEDRESEARCHII
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頁數(shù): 66
大?。?7.02(MB)
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簡介:上海交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文上海引進(jìn)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的科學(xué)性研究構(gòu)建上海引進(jìn)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生評(píng)分系統(tǒng)的研究姓名王亞東申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)公共管理MPA指導(dǎo)教師王泠一莫童20041101COMPREHENSIVERESEARCHONTHEWAYSHANGHAIRECRUITSGRADUATESABSTRACTITISINCREASINGLYACCEPTEDTHATHRISTHEPRIMARYSOCIALRESOURCEBYTHEPUBLICITSGOVERNMENTESPECIALLYBYSHANGHAIGOVERNMENTWHICHHASMADESOMEACHIEVEMENTINITSSTRATEGYOFHRINTRODUCTIONITSHOULDBEADMITTEDTHATGRADUATESTUDENTSAREVERYIMPTANTHUMANRESOURCESSOTHATSHANGHAIGOVERNMENTHASMADEGREATCONCERNONTHISGROUPTOFULFILLITSHRINTRODUCTIONSTRATEGYWITHTWOREGULATIONSEXECUTEDCONSECUTIVELYTHISYEAR–“REGULATIONSOFSHANGHAIMUNICIPALITYINFMATIONPUBLICIZED”“RULESOFADMINISTRATIONPERMISSION”THESHANGHAIGOVERNMENTHASBEENCOMMITTEDTOGREATERREQUIREMENTONITSFAIRNESSOPENNESSJUSTNESSARESEARCHONTHESCIENTIFICITYOFGRADUATESTUDENTSINTRODUCTIONTOSHANGHAIHASBEENMADECOMMITTEDBYTHESHANGHAIEDUCATIONALCOMMITTEETOSHANGHAIGUIDECENTERFGRADUATEWHERETHEAUTHHASBEENWKINGAFTERHAVINGANALYZEDPASTCURRENTSITUATIONINSHANGHAIPOLICYABOUTHRINTRODUCTIONASERIESOFWKHAVEBEENCARRIEDOUTDELIBERATELYSUCHASCONSULTANTFROMSOCIALSPECIALISTSDISCUSSIONQUESTIONNAIRESTHEREFEANEVALUATIONSYSTEMWASPUTFWARDFTHEIMPTOFGRADUATESTUDENTSTOSHANGHAISCIENTIFICALLYMUCHMEOBJECTIVEJUSTICIALPREDICTABLEAFTERSTUDIEDTHEGRADUATESIN2004WITHTHISEVALUATIONSYSTEMINCOMPARISONWITHAUTH’SFECASTITWASCOMPLETELYTESTIFIEDTHATTHEMICROSTRATEGYOFSHANGHAIHRINTRODUCTIONWASADAPTIVETOSOCIALDEVELOPMENTWHICHEMBODIESITSSCIENTIFICITYEFFECTIVITYJUSTICETOGREATEXTENTKEYWDSGRADUATESTUDENTSRECRUITSEVALUATIONSYSTEM
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簡介:IDEOLOGICALANDPOLITICALEDUCATIONOFCOLLEGESTUDENTSINTHESCOPEOFTHETHEORYOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENT彳勱ESISSUBMITTEDINPARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQUIREMENTFORTHEMADEGREEINLAWBYCHENGXUHUIPOSTGRADUATEPROGRAMCOLLEGEOFPOLITICSANDLAWHUAZHONGNORMALUNIVERSITYSUPERVISORBIHONGMEIACADEMICTITLEASSOCIATEPROFESSORSIGNATUREAPPROVEDOCT,2007碩士學(xué)位論文MASTER’STHESIS內(nèi)容摘要在新世紀(jì)新階段,隨著國際國內(nèi)形勢的深刻變化,大學(xué)生思想政治狀況越來越復(fù)雜多樣,雖然大學(xué)生思想政治狀況的主流仍是積極、健康、向上的,但也出現(xiàn)了許多新問題。黨的十六屆三中全會(huì)提出了科學(xué)發(fā)展觀這一與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的馬克思主義發(fā)展觀,為我國全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)提供了正確的指導(dǎo)思想和根本指針,同時(shí)也是新時(shí)期大學(xué)生思想政治教育的根本指針。本文選擇“科學(xué)發(fā)展觀視野中的大學(xué)生思想政治教育”為研究對(duì)象,探討在新形勢新情況下,如何以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo),進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)大學(xué)生思想政治教育,使大學(xué)生思想政治教育更加富有針對(duì)性和實(shí)效性,實(shí)現(xiàn)全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展,為全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)培養(yǎng)合格的建設(shè)人才。全文共分三個(gè)部分第一部分根據(jù)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的基本內(nèi)涵,提出大學(xué)生思想政治教育的新要求,即要蘊(yùn)含人本性、體現(xiàn)時(shí)代性、把握規(guī)律性、富于創(chuàng)造性、落實(shí)全面性;第二部分對(duì)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀視野中大學(xué)生思想品德的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,指出當(dāng)前大學(xué)生思想品德存在的主要問題,并對(duì)存在問題的原因進(jìn)行分析;第三部分,以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo),提出加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)大學(xué)生思想政治教育的具體措施,以達(dá)到進(jìn)一步提高大學(xué)生思想政治教育效果的目的。關(guān)鍵詞科學(xué)發(fā)展觀大學(xué)生思想政治教育
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簡介:武漢理工大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文偽科學(xué)的實(shí)質(zhì)、成因與防治對(duì)策的研究姓名羅晰申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別碩士專業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)哲學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師夏勁20080401武漢理工大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTALONGWITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY,PSEUDOSCIENCEWIDELYSPREADS,WHICHCAUSEGREATHARMFORPEOPLEANDSOCIETYANTIPSEUDOSCIENCEFIGHTERSEXPOSETHEFRAUDULENTTRICKSBYARTICLES,WHICHLETSPEOPLEGRADUALLYRECOGNIZETHETRUEFACEOFPSEUDOSCIENCEANDOPPOSEPSEUDOSCIENCEWITHTHEDEEPENINGOFTHEANTIPSEUDOSCIENCE,SOMEPEOPLETHINKTHATTHEANTIPSEUDOSCIENCEHAVECREATEDA‘‘THREEINJUSTICEOFTECHNOLOGY’’WHICHNOTONLYBLOWTHEEXPANSIONOFCHINASTRADITIONALCULTUREBUTALSOHINDERSCIENTIFICANDTECHNOLOGICALINNOVATIONOFOURCOUNTRY,SUPPRESSRESULTOFCIVILSCIENTISTSTHEREFORE,SONGZHENGHAI,ARESEARCHEROFCHINESEACADEMYOFSCIENCES,WROTELETTERSBYEMAILTOHUNDREDSOFSCHOLARS,“DON’TLETTHEPSEUDOSCIENCEASALLEXCUSETODESTROYTRADITIONALCULTURE,URGETHEWORDSOFPSEUDOSCIENCEOUTOFPOPULARLAWOFSCIENCE”,ANDHECALLEDONTHESCHOLARSTOSIGNTOGETHERBYREPEALINGTHEPARLANCEOF“PSEUDOSCIENCE”,ANDISSUED“ASSEMBLENETWORKSIGNATUREOFTHEABOLITIONOFTHEPSEUDOSCIENCEPARLANCEANDCOLLECTEDTHESUPPORTOFSIGNATURESOF150SCHOLARSTHENTHEDEBA£EOFWHETHERTOOPPOSETOPSEUDOSCIENCEORNOTHAVEBEENFURTHERSHARPENEDWHETHERTOOBJECTTOPSEUDOSCIENCE,THETWOSIDESNOTONLYFERCELYCONTROVERSEBUTALSOONETIGERONESCATTALKPROGRAMMEORGANIZEDBYPHOENIXSATELLITETVHAVEPERFORMEDPLAYKILLERBUTWHATISPSEUDOSCIENCE,HOWTODEFINEPSEUDOSCIENCEWHATISITSSTANDARDSOFDEFINITION,THEREISNOUNANIMOUSANSWERINORDERTOMAKEPSEUDOSCIENCEMORECLEARANDMOREOBJECTIVEUNDERSTANDINGTHEPAPERELABORATESANDCOMPARESTHEMAINVIEWPOINTSOFTWOSIDESOFOPPOSINGPSEUDOSCIENCEANDOPPOSINGANTIPSEUDOSCIENCEANDATTEMPTSTOCLARIFYTHECONCEPTOFPSEUDOSCIENCEANDRESOLVESTHISCONTROVERSY,WHICHPROVIDESREFERENCEFORTHESTRUGGLEOFOPPOSINGPSEUDOSCIENCEALONGTHEROADOFCORRECTANDHEALTHYDEVELOPMENTFHSTLYTHISPAPERDEFMESTHECONCEPTOFPSEUDOSCIENCEDISTINGUISHESFALLACIESOFPSEUDOSCIENCEANDSCIENCE,NONSCIENCEANDSCIENCE,ANDSUMMARIZESTHEBASICCHARACTERISTIESOFPSEUDOSCIENCESUBJECTIVEFAKEOFMANUFACTURER,MAKINGAFALSEANDDECEIVINGTHEⅡ
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