理解企業(yè)文化和企業(yè)營銷的含義[文獻(xiàn)翻譯]_第1頁
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1、本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)外文翻譯外文題目Understingganisationalculturetheimplicationsfcpatemarketing外文出處EuropeanJournalofMarketingVolume:35Issue:342001:P356358外文作者AlanM.Wilsontheganisation(TagiuriLitwin1968)tothe``rulesofthegame(VanMaanen19761

2、979RittiFunkhouser1982)to``howthingsaredonearoundhere(Drennan1992).ThesesimpledeionscontrastwiththemeallembracingmeusefuldefinitionsproducedbySchein(1991)Schneider(1988)KotterHeskett(1992).Apatternofbasicassumptionsinven

3、teddiscovereddevelopedbyagivengroupasitlearnstocopewithitsproblemsofexternaladaptationinternalintegrationthathaswkedwellenoughtobeconsideredvalidtherefetobetaughttonewmembersasthecrectwaytoperceivethinkrelatetothoseprobl

4、ems(Schein1991p.9).Culturerefersto:(a)thevaluesthatliebeneathwhattheganisationrewardssupptsexpects(b)thenmsthatsurroundunderpinthepoliciespracticesproceduresofganisations(c)themeaningincumbentsshareaboutwhatthenmsvalueso

5、ftheganisationare(Schneider1988p.353).Atthedeeperlessvisiblelevelculturereferstovaluesthataresharedbythepeopleinagroupthattendtopersistovertimeevenwhengroupmembershipchanges.Atthemevisiblelevelculturerepresentsthebehavio

6、urpatternsstyleofanganisationthatnewemployeesareautomaticallyencouragedtofollowbytheirfellowemployees.Eachlevelofculturehasatendencytoinfluencetheother(KotterHeskett1992p.4.)Thesedefinitionsoutlinesomeofthecommonkeyeleme

7、ntsthatappearinmanyofthedefinitionsproposedfganisationalculture.Firstganisationalcultureisasharedphenomenon(seeTichy1982Pfeffer1981WilkinsOuchi1983).Cultureinthissenseisalearnedproductofgroupexperienceistherefeonlytobefo

8、undwherethereisadefinablegroupwithasignificanthisty.Thegroupdoesnotnecessarilyhavetobeawholecompany.Companiescanhavemultiplecultures(KotterHeskett1992)subcultures(Wilson1997)usuallyassociatedwithdifferentfunctionalgeogra

9、phicgroupings.SecondthemajityofauthswiththeexceptionofSchein(1991)believethattherearetwolevelsofculturethevisiblelevelthedeeperlessvisiblelevel.Scheins(1990)viewisthatthetermcultureshouldonlyrelatetothe``deeperlessvisibl

10、elevelalthoughhedoesusevisibleevidencetounderstdescribedifferentcultures.Thevisibleaspectsencompassbehaviourpatternsthephysicalsocialenvironmentthewrittenspokenlanguageusedbythegroup.Manyofthesehavebeenresearchedusingase

11、mioticapproachbyresearcherssuchasBarley(1983)Manning(1979)VanMaanen(1977).ThedeeperlessvisiblelevelofculturerelatestothegroupsvalueswhatSchein(1991)callstheirbasicassumptions.Thesharedvaluesconsistofthegoalsconcernsthats

12、hapeagroupssenseofwhat``oughttobe.Thesenotionsaboutacceptablenmsvaluesbehaviourcanvarygreatlyindifferentgroupsinsomesettingspeoplecaredeeplyaboutmoneyinothersaboutcustomerwellbeingemployeewellbeing.Fromamarketingperspect

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