《腹膜》

1、腹膜 the peritoneum,南京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院人體解剖教研室,腹膜 the peritoneum,腹膜壁層perietal layer：在膈下和腹白線處結(jié)合緊密，其余部分結(jié)合較松，可活動。腹膜臟層visceral layer腹膜外組織extraperitoneal tissue（漿膜下組織）,腹膜腔 peritoneal cavity,男性密閉，女性-定時與外界相通，臨床習(xí)慣稱為腹腔，內(nèi)有腹膜液。腹膜液膈下吸收較快，故臨

2、床術(shù)后病人采取半臥位，以免吸收過快，引起不良反映。,腹膜與臟器之間的關(guān)系the relationship between viscera and peritoneum,1、腹膜內(nèi)位器官the tntraperitoneal viscera2、腹膜間位器官the interperitoneal viscera3、腹膜外位器官the retroperitoneal viscera腹膜的功能：分泌和吸收腹膜液、支持和保護(hù)腹盆腔臟器、

3、防御機(jī)能。,腹膜形成物（1）the peritoneal reflections,1、網(wǎng)膜the omentum小網(wǎng)膜the lesser omentun：肝胃韌帶the hepatogastric lig.肝十二指腸韌帶the hepatoduedenal lig.（肝固有動脈、膽總管、門靜脈）,大網(wǎng)膜the greater omentun網(wǎng)膜囊the omentun bursa： 前壁、后壁、上壁、下壁、左壁（

4、網(wǎng)膜孔the omentun foramen）、右壁D、可分為網(wǎng)膜囊前庭、網(wǎng)膜囊上隱窩、網(wǎng)膜囊下隱窩,腹膜形成物（2）the peritoneal reflections,2、系膜the mesenteries and mesocolons小腸系膜the mesentery of the small intestine闌尾系膜the mesentery of the appendix（the mesoappendix）,橫結(jié)腸系

5、膜the mesentery of transverse colon（the transverse mesocolon）乙狀結(jié)腸系膜the sigmoid mesocolon卵巢系膜、輸卵管系膜、子宮系膜,腹膜形成物（3）the peritoneal reflections,3、韌帶the ligament肝的韌帶the ligament of the liver肝元韌帶the ligamentum teres hetati

6、s肝冠狀韌帶the coronary ligament肝鐮狀韌帶the falctorm ligament 肝三角韌帶the triangular ligament,脾的韌帶the ligaments of the spleen胃脾韌帶the gastrosplenic ligament脾腎韌帶the splenorenal ligament膈脾韌帶the phrenicosplenic ligamentC、胃的韌帶：胃膈

7、韌帶the gastrophrenicum ligamentD、十二指腸韌帶the suspensory ligament of the duedenum（ligament of Treitz）、the suspensory muscle of duodenumE、膈結(jié)腸韌帶the phrenicocolic ligament,隱窩和陷凹the peritoneal recesses and pouches,1、隱窩the re

8、cesses十二指腸空腸隱窩the duodenojejunal recesss盲腸后隱窩the retrocecal recess乙狀結(jié)腸間隱窩the intersigmoid recess,2、陷凹the pouches直腸膀胱陷凹the rectovesical pouch直腸子宮陷凹the rectouterine pouch膀胱子宮陷凹the vesicouterine pouch,腹壁內(nèi)下部的凹陷與皺襞foss

9、a and folds of abdomen,1、臍正中襞median umbilical fold 臍尿管索2、臍中間襞medial umbilical fold 臍動脈索3、臍外側(cè)襞lateral umbilical fold 腹壁下動脈（inferior epigastric artery）,4、腹股溝外側(cè)凹lateral inguinal fossa5、腹股溝內(nèi)側(cè)凹medial ingui