科技英語的翻譯學(xué)生課件

1、科技英語的翻譯科技英語的翻譯科技發(fā)展帶來的新詞科技發(fā)展帶來的新詞電子工業(yè)browserdatahighwaydialogboxflashmemyhomepagemodemmousepadiquettescreensaverhypertext有關(guān)電話的新詞autodialcallfwardingcallerIDcarphonecdlessphonepicturephonepushbuttonphonespearkerphonewallph

2、oouchtone英語技術(shù)詞語的構(gòu)成英語技術(shù)詞語的構(gòu)成英語技術(shù)詞語一般以三種形式存在，即單詞式（如robot機(jī)器人Inter因特網(wǎng)）、復(fù)合式（如feedback反饋splashdown濺落）和短語式（如onofftheroad路面越野兩用的、antiarmedfightvehiclemissile反裝甲車導(dǎo)彈，powertransmissionrelaysystem送電中繼體系）。技術(shù)詞語的構(gòu)成與普通構(gòu)詞法大致相同，因此譯好英語技術(shù)詞語

3、就離不開構(gòu)詞法的幫助。1.綴合(affixation)而成的技術(shù)詞語這類術(shù)語的含義為詞綴（前綴、后綴）與詞干或詞根的意義相加，一般不存在歧義問題，關(guān)鍵在于譯成該專業(yè)的行話。如：teletypesetter=teletypesetterbathythermograph=bathythermographbarothermograph=barothermographdeoxyribonucleic=deoxyribonucleicphotom

4、phogenesis=photomphogenesis2.復(fù)合(compounding)而成的技術(shù)詞語Thebuildingofthesegiantironsteelwkswillgreatlyacceleratethedevelopmentoftheironsteelindustryofourcountry.Theslightlypousnatureofthesurfaceoftheoxidefilmallowsittobecoled

5、witheitherganicinganicdyes.3.廣泛使用被動語態(tài)使用被動語態(tài)體現(xiàn)所表述內(nèi)容的客觀性，翻譯此類結(jié)構(gòu)最有效的方式就是將被動轉(zhuǎn)為主動。Inthe16monthssincethefirstgrafttheersatzskinhasnotyetbeenrejectedbyanyofthepatients.Thinlayersofotherimpermeablematerialsarefoundinnaturetoo.Pl

6、antstreesareprovidedbynaturewithfourmeansofdispersingtheirseeds.4.大量使用非限定動詞譯成漢語動賓結(jié)構(gòu)或另起一句翻譯。Todaytheelectroniccomputeriswidelyusedinsolvingmathematicalproblemshavingtodowithweatherfecastingputtingsatelliteintobit.Numerica

7、lcontrolmachinesaremostusefulwhenquantitiesofproductstobeproducedarelowmediumthetapecontainingtheinfmationrequiredtoproducethepartcanbestedreusedmodifiedwhenrequired.5.時態(tài)的用法科技英語中過去時往往可以用來表達(dá)不同的時間順序，在遇到需要顯示不同的時間順序時，漢語應(yīng)補(bǔ)充適當(dāng)

8、的時間狀語。如：Whensteamiscondensedagaintowaterthesameamountofheatisgivenoutasitwastakeninwhenthesteamwasfmed.Itwasunderstoodthatatomswerethesmallestelements.Itisknownnowthatatomsarefurtherdividedintonucleielectronsneutronsprot

9、onsetc.6.廣泛使用后置定語漢語中修飾語習(xí)慣于放在被修飾的名詞前面。Inradiationthermalenergyistransfmedintoradiantenergysimilarinnaturetolight.Thefceupwardequalsthefcedownwardsothattheballoonstaysatthelevel.Nonmobilerobotscapableoflearningtoperfmanind

10、ustrialtaskthenofbeinglefttoperfmittirelesslyareevennowinuseinindustrialplantsalloverthewld.補(bǔ)充資料OnbooksSomebookslikesomepersonsconveytousallthattheywilleverhavetogiveatasinglesitting.Othersholdourattentionprofitablythrou

11、ghtwothreeencounters…thebookstofrequentthebookstobeshipwreckedwiththegreatbooksintowhichrichsubstantialliveshavebeendistilledpacked—theDialoguesofPlatoMontaigne’sEssaysBoswell’sJohnsontheEssaysJournalsofEmersontheseareto

12、beliveswithreturnedtomadethecompanionsofhoursdaysmoodsasvariousasthoseinwhichtheywerewritten.TheCosyFireofAffectionYou’vebeeninloveofcourse!Ifnotyou’vegotittocome.Loveislikethemeaslesweallhavetogothroughit.Alsolikethemea