缺乏癥和中毒ppt課件

1、Dfficiencies and Toxicities缺乏癥和中毒,Deficiencies 缺乏,Water (salt toxicity) 水（食鹽中毒）when water is provided after a long period of deprivation 當(dāng)水長期缺乏后才供給時(shí)blindness, seizures and opisthotonous 失明、癲癇和？？eosinophilia

2、 on meninges seen on histopathology 利用病理組織學(xué)方法可以發(fā)現(xiàn)腦膜嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞no efficacious therapy 無有效的治療方法,Deficiencies缺乏,Protein蛋白質(zhì)fatter carcasses, poor feed coversion, poor milking ability, muscle degeneration, pale and poor hai

3、rcoat 胴體脂肪增多、飼料轉(zhuǎn)化降低、泌乳能力降低、肌肉變性、蒼白和被毛粗亂may be due to an amino acid imbalance or a lack of protein 可能是氨基酸失衡或蛋白質(zhì)缺乏所致,Deficiences缺乏,Vitamins/Minerals 維生素/礦物質(zhì)-premix deficiency 預(yù)混料缺乏 -excitable, tail-biting or urine

4、 drinking 興奮、咬尾 或飲尿 -prolonged deficiency shows poor growth rates, feed efficiency and parakeratosis leading to exudative epidermitis 長期的缺乏表現(xiàn)為生長率低、飼料利用率低和角化不全導(dǎo)致的滲出性皮炎,Deficiencies缺乏,Calcium, Phosphorus and Vitam

5、in D 鈣、磷和維生素D-rickets in growing pigs or osteomalacia in mature pigs 生長豬群發(fā)生佝僂病或成年豬群發(fā)生骨軟癥 -posterior paralysis due to fractures in the lumbar region腰部的骨折導(dǎo)致后軀麻痹,Deficiencies缺乏,Sodium and Chlorine 鈉和氯-poor appetite an

6、d rough hair coat 食欲不振和被毛粗亂,Deficiencies 缺乏,Iodine 碘-farrowed pigs are weak and have enlarged thyroids 乳豬體弱和甲狀腺增生,Deficiencies 缺乏,Iron and Copper 鐵和銅-pale membranes, edema, rough hair coat可視粘膜蒼白、水腫、被毛粗亂-microt

7、ic anemia 小細(xì)胞性貧血,Deficiencies 缺乏,Zinc鋅-parakeratosis and poor growth角化不全和生長不良-can be induced by excessive calcium 可導(dǎo)致鈣過剩,Deficiencies 缺乏,Vitamin E/Selenium維生素E/硒-sudden death and sometimes edema (esp perirena

8、l)猝死和有時(shí)候出現(xiàn)水腫（尤其腎周圍）-mulberry heart disease and hepatosis dietetica 桑椹心和肝壞死,Deficiencies 缺乏,Vitamin A 維生素A-incoordination, night-blindness, paralysis of rear limbs共濟(jì)失調(diào)、夜盲癥、后肢麻痹,Deficiencies 缺乏,Riboflavin 核黃素（維

9、生素B2）-poor reproduction, seborrhea and cataracts 繁殖低下、皮脂溢出和白內(nèi)障,Deficiencies 缺乏,Niacin 煙酸-diarrhea, weight loss and ear dermatitis 腹瀉、消瘦、外耳炎-necrotic enteritis 壞死性腸炎,Deficiencies 缺乏,Pantothenic Acid 泛酸-goose

10、-stepping, ataxia and diarrhea 鵝步、共濟(jì)失調(diào)和腹瀉-inflammation of the colon結(jié)腸炎,Deficiencies 缺乏,Choline膽堿-slow growth and small litter size生長緩慢和每窩產(chǎn)仔數(shù)少-fatty liver 脂肪肝,Deficiencies 缺乏,Biotin生物素-smaller litter size, hoof cr

11、acks and scaly skin每窩產(chǎn)仔數(shù)少、蹄甲龜裂和肌膚甲錯(cuò),Toxicities 中毒,Calcium >1.5% 鈣>1.5％ -depressed feed intake and parakeratosis 采食量減少和角化不全-with limited phosphorus, poor bone strength 伴磷缺乏、骨無力,Toxicities 中毒,Iron >5000 mg

12、/kg 鐵> 5000 mg/kg -low feed intake, rickets due to poor phosphorus absorption 攝食量少、由磷吸收不良引起的軟骨癥,Toxicities 中毒,Zinc >2000 mg/kg 鋅>2000 mg/kg -arthritis, gastritis and enteritis關(guān)節(jié)炎、胃炎和腸炎,Toxicities 中毒,Sel

13、enium > 6 mg/kg 硒> 6 mg/kg -dog sitting, hair loss and hoof loss 犬坐、被毛脫落和蹄甲脫失,Toxicities 中毒,Arsenic > 1000 mg/kg 砷 > 1000 mg/kg -blindness, ataxia, paralysis and erythema失明、共濟(jì)失調(diào)、癱瘓和紅斑,Toxiciti

14、es 中毒,Vomitoxin > 2 ppm嘔吐毒素 > 2 ppm - feed refusal, rarely vomition 拒食、罕見嘔吐 -treated by removal, dilution 用去除毒物、稀釋的方法治療,Toxicities 中毒,Zearalenone > .5 ppm 玉米烯酮> 0.5 ppm -enlarged rep

15、roductive tract, anestrus and poor litter size產(chǎn)道擴(kuò)張、不發(fā)情和每窩產(chǎn)仔數(shù)少-feed to growing pigs, not sows 可用以飼味生長豬，而不要用于經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬,Toxicities 中毒,Aflatoxin > 200 ppb 黃曲霉素 > 200 ppb -immunosuppression, reduced growth and feed e

16、fficiency 免疫抑制、生長緩慢和飼料利用率降低,Toxicities 中毒,Nitrate, Nitrite 1800 mg No3/kg; 400 mg NO2/kg硝酸鹽1800 mg No3/kg 亞硝酸鹽400 mg NO2/kg -dyspnea, cyanosis and lymphocytosis 呼吸困難、蒼白和淋巴細(xì)胞增多 -incoordination, night-blin