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1、根據(jù)蘇珊·巴斯納特文化翻譯觀中的核心思想一文化功能等值理論,本文以?xún)蓚€(gè)分別由楊憲益夫婦和萊爾翻譯的《阿Q正傳》英譯本為語(yǔ)料,探討了兩譯本中文化負(fù)載詞翻譯的文化功能等值,分析并歸納翻譯中實(shí)現(xiàn)等值的方法和這些方法的應(yīng)用語(yǔ)境及譯者應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)方面。
研究得出,實(shí)現(xiàn)文化功能等值的方法可歸為以下六種:(1)音譯加注或文內(nèi)解釋:該方法適用于歷史人物、朝代及其他在目的語(yǔ)中找不到對(duì)應(yīng)詞的專(zhuān)有名詞的翻譯。(2)直譯:該方法的使用應(yīng)以譯語(yǔ)讀者
2、的理解為前提。(3)直譯加注或文內(nèi)解釋:當(dāng)直譯無(wú)法傳達(dá)原語(yǔ)的文化功能,注釋和文內(nèi)解釋用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明原語(yǔ)的文化信息。該方法特別適用于物質(zhì)、社會(huì)、宗教等文化負(fù)載詞的翻譯。(4)意譯:適用于當(dāng)直譯和直譯加注或文內(nèi)解釋無(wú)法傳達(dá)原語(yǔ)的文化意義的情形。(5)替代:該譯法多用于習(xí)語(yǔ)及比喻性詞語(yǔ)的翻譯,當(dāng)原語(yǔ)中的文化內(nèi)涵對(duì)語(yǔ)境的影響不大時(shí)通常使用此方法。(6)插圖:該方法特別適用于文學(xué)作品的翻譯,本文提倡把插圖作為翻譯的補(bǔ)償性手段。本文發(fā)現(xiàn),萊爾的譯本傾
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